e10v12gza
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
AMENDMENT
NO. 1
TO
FORM 10
GENERAL FORM FOR REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES
PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Spark Networks plc
(Exact name of Registrant specified in its charter)
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England and Wales
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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98-0200628
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
8383 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 800
Beverly Hills, California
90211
(Address, including zip code, of principal executive office)
(323) 836-3000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Ordinary Shares, Par value 1p per share
TABLE OF CONTENTS
This registration statement contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and
uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this
registration statement, including statements regarding our future financial position, business
strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as
believes, expects, anticipates, intends, estimates, may, will, continue, should,
plan, predict, potential or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. We
have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about
future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of
operations, business strategy and financial needs. Our actual results could differ materially from
those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, which are subject to a number of risks,
uncertainties and assumptions described in Item 1. BusinessRisk Factors section and elsewhere in
this registration statement.
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Item 1. Business
The information required by this item is contained under the sections Prospectus Summary, Risk
Factors, Business, Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Where You
Can Find More Information of the second amendment to the registration statement on Form S-1 (File
No. 333-123228) filed as an exhibit hereto (the Registration Statement). Those sections are
incorporated herein by reference.
Item 2. Financial Information
The information required by this item is contained under the sections Selected Consolidated
Financial Information, Pro Forma Combined Financial Data and Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Registration Statement. Those
sections are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 3. Properties
The information required by this item is contained under the section BusinessFacilities of the
Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our
ordinary shares, as of October 19, 2005, for:
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each person or entity who we know beneficially owns more than 5% of our ordinary shares; |
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each Named Executive Officer and each director; and |
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all of our executive officers and directors as a group. |
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange
Commission and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. The number of
shares of ordinary shares outstanding, on an as-converted basis, used in calculating the percentage
for each listed shareholder includes ordinary shares underlying options or a warrant held by the
shareholder, all of which are being registered in this registration statement, but excludes
ordinary shares underlying options or warrants held by any other person or entity. In addition,
the number of each shareholders ordinary shares underlying warrants and options that are
exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005 is set forth below. Percentage of beneficial
ownership is based on 26,209,496 ordinary shares outstanding as of
October 19, 2005. Unless
otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner is c/o: Spark Networks plc, 8383 Wilshire
Blvd., Suite 800, Beverly Hills, California 90211.
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Number of |
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Percentage |
Name of Beneficial Owner |
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Shares |
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of Shares |
5% stockholders: |
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Tiger Global Management, L.L.C. (1) |
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6,631,085 |
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25.3 |
% |
Capital Research and Management
Company (2) |
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2,505,000 |
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9.6 |
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Criterion Capital Management LLC (3) |
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3,341,337 |
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12.7 |
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FM Fund Management Limited (4) |
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2,201,890 |
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8.4 |
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Named Executive Officers and Directors: |
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David E. Siminoff (5) |
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1,887,000 |
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6.9 |
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Todd Tappin |
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* |
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Joe Y. Shapira (6) |
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4,512,639 |
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15.9 |
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Alon Carmel (7) |
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4,430,348 |
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15.7 |
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Michael Riddell |
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* |
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1
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Number of |
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Percentage |
Name of Beneficial Owner |
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Shares |
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of Shares |
Peter Voutov |
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* |
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Scott Shleifer (8) |
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* |
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Michael Brown (9) |
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80,000 |
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* |
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Benjamin Derhy (10) |
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80,000 |
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* |
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Laura Lauder (11) |
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180,000 |
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* |
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Martial Chaillet (12) |
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200,000 |
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* |
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All directors and executives as a group (10
persons) (13) |
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7,689,639 |
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25.0 |
% |
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* |
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Less than 1%. |
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(1) |
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Consists of 5,183,695 shares held by Tiger Global, L.P.; 1,313,392 shares held by Tiger
Global, Ltd.; and 133,998 shares held by Tiger Global II, L.P. Each entity has sole voting
power over the shares it holds; Tiger Global Management, L.L.C. is the investment manager of
Tiger Global, L.P., Tiger Global, Ltd. and Tiger Global II, L.P. and it has shared investment
power over the 6,631,085 shares; Charles P. Coleman III is the sole managing member of the
Tiger Global Management, L.L.C. Tiger Global Performance, L.L.C. is the sole general partner
of Tiger Global, L.P.; Charles P. Coleman III is the sole managing member of the general
partner of Tiger Global, L.P.; Tiger Global Performance, L.L.C. is the sole general partner of
Tiger Global II, L.P.; Charles P. Coleman III is the sole managing member of Tiger Global II,
L.P. The address for Tiger Global Management, L.L.C., Tiger Global, L.P. and Tiger Global II,
L.P. is 101 Park Avenue, 48th Floor, New York, New York 10178. The address for Tiger Global,
Ltd. is c/o Ironshore Corporate Services Limited, Queensgate House, South Church Street, P.O.
Box 1234, George Town, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. |
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(2) |
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Capital Research and Management Company, an investment adviser registered under Section 203
of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, is deemed to be the beneficial owner of 2,505,000
shares as a result of acting as investment adviser to various investment companies registered
under Section 8 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Capital Research and Management Company
has sole dispositive power over these shares. Included in the holdings of Capital Research and
Management Company is the holding of SMALLCAP World Fund, Inc., an investment company
registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which is advised by Capital Research and
Management Company. SMALLCAP World Fund, Inc. is the beneficial owner of 1,850,000 shares, of
which it has sole voting power. The persons controlling the investment decisions with respect
to the shares held by Capital Research and Management Company and SMALLCAP World Fund are
Gordon Crawford, J. Blair Frank, J. Dale Harvey, Claudia Huntington , Jonathan Knowles and
Mark Denning. The address for both entities is 333 South Hope Street, Los Angeles, California
90071. |
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(3) |
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Criterion Capital Management LLC, of which Christopher H. Lord is the sole manager, purchased
shares on the open market with no special arrangements with the Company. |
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(4) |
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The registered
office of FM Fund Management Limited is Queensgate House, South Church Street, George Town,
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Florian Homm has voting and investment
powers for the shares held by FM Fund Management Limited. |
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(5) |
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Includes 1,275,000 shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 337,500 shares of which
underlie options exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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(6) |
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Includes (i) 2,250,000 shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 2,093,750 shares of
which underlie options exercisable within 60 days of
October 19, 2005, (ii) 1,062,415 shares
held by the Joe Shapira Family Trust of which Mr. Shapira is trustee, (iii) 550,000 shares
held by the Shapira Childrens Trust of which Mr. Shapira is trustee, and (iv) 12,000 shares,
of which he disclaims beneficial ownership, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest,
held by a custodian for Mr. Shapiras children. |
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Includes (i) 2,000,000 shares issuable upon exercise of share options exercisable within 60
days of October 19, 2005, and (ii) 8,000 shares held by his spouse. |
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(8) |
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Excludes 5,183,695 shares held by Tiger Global, L.P. and 133,998 shares held by Tiger
Global II, L.P., of which Scott Shleifer is a limited partner. Mr. Shleifer holds the position
of Managing Director at Tiger Global Management, L.L.C. |
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(9) |
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Represents shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 20,000 shares of which underlie
options exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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(10) |
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Represents shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 20,000 shares of which underlie
options exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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(11) |
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Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 15,000 shares of which
underlie options exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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(12) |
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Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon exercise of share options, 15,000 shares of which
underlie options exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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(13) |
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Shares beneficially owned by all executive officers and directors as a group include options
to purchase 4,595,000 shares, 2,752,501 shares of which are currently exercisable or
exercisable within 60 days of October 19, 2005. |
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Item 5. Directors and Executive Officers
The information required by this item is contained under the section Management of the
Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 6. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is contained under the section ManagementSummary Executive
Compensation Table of the Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by
reference.
Item 7. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
The information required by this item is contained under the section Certain Relationships and
Related Party Transactions of the Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by
reference.
Item 8. Legal Proceedings
The information required by this item is contained under the section BusinessLegal Proceedings
of the Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9. Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrants Common Equity and Related Shareholder
Matters
The information required by this item is contained under the sections Dividend Policy and Price
Range of Global Depositary Shares of the Registration Statement and under the section Item
11Description of Registrants Securities to be Registered herein. Each section is incorporated
herein by reference.
Item 10. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
The information required by this item is contained under the section Information Not Required in
ProspectusItem 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities of the Registration Statement. That
section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. Description of Registrants Securities
Description of Ordinary Shares
We are providing you with a summary description of our ordinary shares and the material rights of
holders of our ordinary shares. Please remember that summaries by their nature lack the precision
of the information summarized and that a persons rights and obligations as a holder of our
ordinary shares will be determined by reference to our Memorandum and Articles of Association and
applicable English law, each as modified from time to time, and not
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by this summary. We urge you to review our Memorandum and Articles of Association in their entirety
and to seek appropriate professional advice regarding their interpretation and applicable English
law.
General
Our authorized share capital is £800,000 divided into 80,000,000 ordinary shares of £0.01 each. Set
forth below is information concerning the share capital and related summary information concerning
the material provisions of our Memorandum and Articles of Association, or Memorandum and Articles,
and applicable English company law.
Voting rights
Every holder of ordinary shares who, being an individual, is present in person or by proxy or,
being a corporation, has an authorized representative present who is not himself a shareholder, at
a general meeting has one vote on a show of hands. Proxies voting on a show of hands do not have
more than one vote each, even if they hold a number of proxies or are shareholders themselves. On a
poll, every holder of ordinary shares present in person, by its authorized representative or by
proxy has one vote for each share held. Voting at a general meeting is by a show of hands unless a
poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by:
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the chairman of the meeting; |
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not less than three shareholders present at the meeting in person, by proxy or
represented by an authorized representative and entitled to vote; |
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any shareholder or shareholders present at the meeting in person, by proxy or
represented by an authorized representative and representing not less than one-tenth
of the total voting rights of all shareholders having the right to vote at such
meeting; or |
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any shareholder or shareholders present in person, by proxy or represented by an
authorized representative and holding a number of ordinary shares conferring a right
to vote at the meeting, being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up
equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all of the shares
conferring that right. |
Where a poll is not demanded, the interests of beneficial owners of ordinary shares who hold
through a nominee may not be reflected in votes cast on a show of hands if that nominee does not
attend the meeting or receives conflicting voting instructions from different beneficial owners for
whom it holds the shares as nominee. Since, under English law, voting rights are only conferred on
registered holders of shares, a person holding through a nominee may not directly demand a poll.
Unless otherwise required by law or the Memorandum and Articles, voting in a general meeting is by
ordinary resolution. An ordinary resolution, for example, a resolution for the appointment of
directors, the declaration of a final dividend, the appointment of the auditors, the increase of
authorized share capital or grant of authority to allot shares, requires the affirmative vote of a
majority of the shareholders (a) present in person or by an authorized representative or by proxy,
excluding the chairman of the meeting in his role as proxy, in the case of a vote by show of hands
or (b) present in person, by an authorized representative or by proxy and holding shares conferring
in the aggregate a majority of the votes actually cast on the ordinary resolution, in the case of a
vote by poll. In the case of a tied vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of
the meeting is entitled to cast a deciding vote. A special resolution, for example, a resolution
amending the Memorandum and Articles, changing the name of our company or waiving statutory
pre-emption rights on the issue of shares for cash, or an extraordinary resolution, for example,
modifying the rights of any class of shares at a meeting of the holders of such class or relating
to matters concerning the liquidation of our company, requires the affirmative vote of not less
than three-quarters of shareholders present in person, represented by an authorized representative
or by proxy and holding shares conferring in aggregate at least three-quarters of the votes
actually cast on the resolution, on a vote by poll.
Unless our Board of Directors determines otherwise, no shareholder is entitled to vote in respect
of any share held by him either personally or by proxy or to exercise any other right conferred by
membership in relation to any shareholders meetings, if any sum is payable by him to us in respect
of that share. Our Memorandum and Articles of Association do not contain restrictions on the right
of non-UK residents or foreign owners to be registered holders or exercise voting rights in respect
of our ordinary shares.
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Notices of Shareholder Meetings
An Annual General Meeting and any Extraordinary General Meeting at which it is proposed to pass a
Special Resolution or a resolution of which special notice has been given to our company shall be
called on least 21 days written notice and any other Extraordinary General Meeting is required to
be called on at least 14 days written notice. The period of notice in each case is exclusive of
the day on which the notice is served or deemed to be served and of the day of the meeting itself.
General Meetings may be held on shorter notice than that specified above if such shorter notice is
approved by (i) in the case of an Annual General Meeting, all the shareholders entitled to attend
and vote at that meeting; and (ii) in the case of an Extraordinary General Meeting by a majority in
number of the shareholders entitled to attend and vote at the meeting, such majority holding at
least 95% in nominal value of the shares giving the right to attend and vote at that meeting.
The accidental omission to give notice to or the non-receipt of a notice by any shareholder will
not invalidate the proceedings at the relevant meeting.
Our articles provide that where a notice or other document is served or sent by post, service or
delivery is deemed to be effected on the expiry of 24 hours after the relevant document is posted.
Dividends
The payment of final dividends with respect to any financial year must be recommended by our Board
of Directors and approved by the shareholders by ordinary resolution, provided that no such
dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by our Board of Directors. If, in the opinion of our
Board of Directors, our financial position justifies such payments, the Board of Directors may also
from time to time pay interim dividends of amounts, on dates and in respect of periods as they
think fit.
No dividend can be paid other than out of profits available for distribution under the provisions
of the Companies Act 1985, as amended, and accounting principles generally accepted in the United
Kingdom, which differ in some respects from U.S. GAAP. In addition, as a public limited company, we
may make a distribution only if and to the extent that, at the time of distribution and following
the distribution, the amount of our net assets is not less than the aggregate of the called-up
share capital and undistributable reserves (as such terms are defined in the Companies Act 1985)
and if, and to the extent that, the distribution does not reduce the amount of those assets to less
than that aggregate. No dividend or other moneys payable on or in respect of a share shall bear
interest as against us unless otherwise provided by the rights attached to the share. Any dividend
unclaimed after a period of 12 years from the date on which it was declared or became due for
payment will be forfeited and will revert to us. Our Memorandum and Articles of Association do not
contain restrictions on the right of non-UK resident holders of our ordinary shares to receive
dividends and other payments.
Winding up
If our company is wound up, the liquidator may, pursuant to the authority given by an extraordinary
resolution of our company and any other sanction required by English statutory law, divide among
the members, in specie or in kind, the whole or any part of our assets and, for that purpose, value
any assets as he deems fair and determine how the division is carried out among shareholders or
different classes of shareholders. No shareholder will be compelled to accept any shares or other
property in respect of which there is a liability. Distributions to shareholders on a winding up
are only usually made after the settlement of claims of the various classes of creditor and subject
to applicable company and insolvency laws. Early distributions can be made subject to shareholders
providing appropriate forms of indemnity. Where a distribution is proposed to be made to a
particular class of shareholders on a winding up, such a distribution is usually made pro rata to
their holdings of shares in the company.
Shareholder Derivative Suits
Under English law, our shareholders generally have no right to sue on our behalf. When a wrong has
been done to or against us, we are usually the proper plaintiff. There are exceptions including in
the case of fraud on minority
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shareholders, the case of a breach of a duty owed personally to a shareholder where that
shareholder has suffered personal loss separate and distinct from any loss suffered by the company
and when the act complained of is illegal or ultra vires. English law permits an individual
shareholder of ours to apply for a court order when our affairs are being or have been conducted in
a manner unfairly prejudicial to the interests of one or more of our shareholders or when any
actual or proposed act or omission by us is or would be prejudicial. When granting relief, a court
has wide discretion and may authorize civil proceedings to be brought on our behalf by a
shareholder on such terms as the court may direct.
Issues of shares and pre-emption rights
The directors of English companies may only allot shares and disapply statutory pre-emption rights
if authorized by the shareholders. The current authority for this purpose expires on December 10,
2009 but we may, before such expiry, make an offer or agreement which would or might require equity
securities to be allotted after such expiry and our Board of Directors may allot equity securities
pursuant to any such offer or agreement as if the authority had not expired.
Transfer of shares
Any holder of shares in a certified form may transfer in writing all, or any, of its shares in any
usual or common form or in any other form which our Board of Directors may approve. The instrument
of transfer of a share must be signed by or on behalf of the transferor and, except in the case of
fully paid shares, by or on behalf of the transferee. The transferor will remain the holder of the
shares concerned until the name of the transferee is entered in our register of shareholders. The
transfer of uncertificated shares may be made in accordance with and be subject to the
Uncertificated Securities Regulations 1995.
Our Board of Directors may, in their absolute discretion and without assigning any reason, refuse
to register any transfer of shares, not being fully paid shares. Our Board of Directors may also
refuse to register an allotment or transfer shares, whether fully paid or not, to more than four
persons jointly. Moreover, the registration of transfers may be suspended at such times and for
such periods, but not exceeding thirty days in any year, as our Board of Directors may from time to
time determine.
Our Board of Directors may decline to recognize any instrument of transfer unless it is in respect
of only one class of shares and is lodged, duly stamped if required, at the Registrars Office
accompanied by the relevant share certificate(s) together with such other evidence as the Board may
reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer. In the case of a
transfer by a recognized clearing house or a nominee of a recognized clearing house or of a
recognized investment exchange, the lodgment of share certificates is only necessary if and to the
extent that certificates have been issued in respect of the shares in question.
Disclosure of transactions of ownership
The Companies Act 1985 provides that a person, including a company and other legal entities, that
acquires any interest of 3% or more of any class of our relevant share capital, which includes
ADSs and GDSs representing shares, is required to notify us in writing of its interest within two
days following the day on which the obligation arises. Relevant share capital, for these purposes,
means our issued share capital carrying the right to vote in all circumstances at a general
meeting. After the 3% level is exceeded, similar notifications must be made where the interest
falls below the 3% level or otherwise in respect of increases or decreases of a whole percentage
point.
For purposes of the notification obligation, the interest of a person in shares means any kind of
interest in shares including interests in any shares:
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in which a spouse, or child or stepchild under the age of 18,
is interested; |
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in which a company is interested, which includes interests held by other companies
over which that company has effective voting power, and either (a) that company or
its directors generally act in accordance with that persons directions or
instructions or (b) that person controls one-third or more of the voting power of
that company at general meetings; or |
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in which another party is interested and the person and that other party are
parties to an agreement under section 204 of the Companies Act 1985. Such an
agreement is one which provides for two or more parties to acquire interests in
shares of a particular public company and imposes obligations or restrictions on any
of the parties as to the use, retention or disposal of such interests acquired
pursuant to such agreement, if any interest in the companys shares is in fact
acquired by any of the parties pursuant to the agreement. |
Some non-material interests may be disregarded for the purposes of calculating the 3% threshold,
but the obligation of disclosure will still apply where such interests exceed 10% or more of any
class of our relevant share capital and to increases or decreases through a whole percentage point.
In addition, pursuant to section 212 of the Companies Act 1985, we may, as a public company and by
written notice, require a person whom we know or have reasonable cause to believe to be, or to have
been at any time during the three years immediately preceding the date on which the notice is
issued, interested in shares comprised in our relevant share capital to confirm that fact or to
indicate whether or not that is the case.
Where a person holds or during the previous three years had held an interest in the shares, that
person must give any further information that may be required relating to this interest and any
other interest in the shares of which this person is aware.
Where we serve a notice under the foregoing provisions on a person who is or was interested in the
shares and that person fails to give us any information required by the notice within the time
specified in the notice, we may apply to the English courts for an order directing that the shares
in question be subject to restrictions prohibiting, among other things, any transfer, the exercise
of voting rights, the taking up of rights and, other than during a liquidation, payments in respect
of those shares.
A person who fails to fulfill the obligations imposed by sections 198 and 212 of the Companies Act
1985 may be subject to criminal penalties.
Variation of rights and alteration of share capital
Whenever our share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the special rights attached
to any class may, subject to the provisions of English statutory law, be varied or abrogated,
either with the consent in writing of the holders of three-quarters in nominal value of the issued
shares of the class, or with the sanction of an extraordinary resolution passed at a separate
general meeting of the holders of the shares of the class, but not otherwise, and may be so varied
or abrogated either while our company is a going concern or during or in contemplation of a winding
up. At every such separate general meeting, the necessary quorum is at least two persons holding or
representing by proxy issued shares of the class and any holder of shares of the class present in
person or by proxy may demand a poll and will have one vote for every share of the class held by
him. At any adjourned meeting any holder of shares of the class present in person or by proxy is a
quorum.
We may from time to time by ordinary resolution at a general meeting:
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increase the share capital by the creation of new shares of such amount as the
resolution shall prescribe with such preferred, deferred or other special rights, or
subject to such restrictions, whether as regards dividend, return of capital, voting
or otherwise as may be determined and which may be redeemable; |
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consolidate and divide all or any of the share capital into shares of larger amount
than our existing shares; |
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cancel shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been
taken, or agreed to be taken, by any person and diminish the amount of its share
capital by the amount of shares so cancelled; and |
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subdivide all or any of the shares into shares of a smaller amount than is fixed by
the Memorandum and Articles and may by resolution determine that as between the
holders of the shares resulting from such subdivision one or more of the shares may,
as compared with the others, have any such preferred, deferred or other special
rights or be subject to any restrictions, as we have the power to attach to unissued
or new shares. |
Subject to English statutory law, we may purchase our own shares of any class, including redeemable
shares, but so that if there shall be in issue any shares convertible into equity share capital of
our own company then no purchase of our own shares shall be made unless it has first been approved
by an extraordinary resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of such convertible
shares.
Subject to the provisions of English statutory law, we may, by special resolution, reduce our share
capital, capital redemption reserve, share premium account or other undistributable reserve in any
way.
Directors
Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution of the holders of ordinary shares, our Articles
provide that there shall not be less than three directors. At each annual general meeting one-third
(or the number nearest to but not exceeding one-third) of our Board of Directors shall retire from
office by rotation. Our directors who retire by rotation include any director who wishes to retire
and not to offer himself for re-election. Any further directors who retire by rotation are those
who have been longest in office since their last re-election, but, as between persons who become
directors on the same day, those to retire (unless they otherwise agree among themselves) are
determined by lot. A retiring director is eligible for re-election. Any director may be removed
from office at any time by an ordinary resolution of which special notice has been given in
accordance with the Act. Our Memorandum and Articles do not provide for a maximum age for
directors.
Our Articles provide that a director may be party to or be interested in any contract or
transaction to which we are a party, and a director, or any firm of which he is a member, may be
remunerated for any services provided to us or any office held (other than
the office of Auditor) relating to us. In any such case, the director may retain all profits and advantages accruing to him. Our
Articles also provide that (subject to certain exceptions), a director who is in any way interested
in a contract or proposed contract with our company shall declare his interest to the Board, and,
subject to certain exceptions, will not be entitled to vote at Board meetings in respect of any
contract, arrangement or proposal in which that Director has a material interest, nor will that
Director be counted towards the quorum in relation to any resolution on which he is prohibited from
voting.
Our Articles provide that our Board of Directors may exercise all of our powers to borrow money and
to mortgage or charge our undertaking, property, and uncalled capital and, subject to applicable
English law, to issue debentures and other securities. The Board is required to restrict our
borrowings, in the absence of shareholders approval, in accordance with a formula set out in the
Articles.
The ordinary remuneration of our directors for holding office as such shall from time to time be
determined by our Board of Directors. However, such remuneration may not exceed £200,000 per annum
in aggregate or such higher amount as the shareholders may, by ordinary resolution, determine and
will be divisible among our Board of Directors as they agree. Our Board of Directors may also grant
additional remuneration to any director who holds any executive office or who serves on any
committee of our Board of Directors and, have the power to pay and agree to pay gratuities,
pensions or other retirement, death or disability benefits to any Director or ex-Director. Our
Board of Directors are also entitled to be repaid all reasonable expenses incurred by them
respectively in the performance of their duties.
Description of Depositary Shares
Depositary Receipts or Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs)
Depositary Receipts evidencing GDSs are issuable by the Depositary pursuant to the Global Deposit
Agreement. Each GDS represents one Ordinary Share or evidence of the right to receive one Ordinary
Share (together with any additional ordinary shares at any time deposited or deemed deposited under
the Global Deposit Agreement and any and all other securities, cash and property received by the
Depositary or the Custodian in respect thereof and at such
8
time held under the Global Deposit Agreement) (the Shares). Only persons in whose names GDRs are
registered on the books of the Depositary will be treated by the Depositary and us as owners.
So long as the Book-Entry GDSs are eligible for book-entry settlement with Depository Trust Company
(DTC), unless otherwise required by law, such Book-Entry GDSs representing the Shares deposited
with any custodian shall be represented by a Master GDR registered in the name of a nominee of DTC
and no person acquiring such Book-Entry GDSs shall receive or be entitled to receive physical
delivery of certificated GDRs evidencing GDSs. Accordingly, each beneficial owner must rely upon
the procedures of DTC and institutions having accounts with DTC to exercise or be entitled to any
rights of an owner of a GDR. Each person owning a beneficial interest in the Master GDR must rely
upon the procedures of the institutions having accounts with DTC to exercise or be entitled to any
rights of a Regulation S owner. Transfers within DTC and Clearstream Banking are made in accordance
with the usual rules and operating procedures of the relevant system. Cross-market transfers are
effected in DTC through the operating procedures of the relevant system. Cross-market transfers are
effected in DTC through the depositary of Clearstream Banking AG. Because of time zone differences,
credits of securities received in Clearstream Banking AG as a result of a transaction with a DTC
participant are made during the subsequent securities settlement processing date on the business
day following the DTC settlement date and such credits or any transactions in such securities
settled during such processing are reported to the Clearstream Banking AG participant on such
business day. Cash received in Clearstream Banking AG as a result of sales of securities by or
through a Clearstream Banking AG participant to a DTC participant are received with value on the
DTC settlement date, but are available in the Clearstream Banking AG cash account only as of the
business day following settlement in DTC. Where the context requires, the term GDR includes the
Master GDR.
During any period in which Book-Entry GDSs are represented by the Master GDR, ownership of
beneficial interests in the Master GDR are shown on, and the transfer of such ownership is effected
only through, records maintained by (i) DTC or its nominee (with respect to participants
interests) or (ii) institutions having accounts with DTC. All references in the Global Deposit
Agreement to issuance or delivery of GDRs is deemed to include, where applicable, adjustments in
the records of the Depositary showing the number of Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR.
Deposit, transfer and withdrawal
The Depositary agrees, subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, that
upon delivery to the Custodian of Shares (or evidence of rights to receive Shares) and pursuant to
appropriate instruments of transfer in a form satisfactory to the Custodian, that the Depositary
will, upon payment of the fees, charges and taxes provided in the Global Deposit Agreement, execute
and deliver at its Corporate Trust Office to, or upon the written order of, the person or persons
named in the notice of the Custodian delivered to the Depositary or requested by the person
depositing such Shares with the Depositary, and, if the Depositary requires a written order (1)
directing the Depositary to adjust its records so as to increase, by the number of GDSs
representing such deposited Shares, the number of GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR, and specifying
the person or persons to whose DTC participant account such increase in the number of GDSs should
be credited or (2) in the case of deposits made at any time that DTCs book-entry settlement system
is not available for the Book-Entry GDSs, directing the Depositary to execute and deliver to, or
upon the written order of, the person or persons stated in such order a Receipt or Receipts in
physical certificated form, for the number of GDSs representing such deposited Shares.
Any deposit of Shares for GDRs must be accompanied by (a) a written certification and agreement (a
Depositors Certificate) by or on behalf of the person who will be the beneficial owner of the
GDS or GDSs to be issued upon deposit of such Shares that (i) the GDRs, the GDSs evidenced thereby,
and the Shares represented thereby have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, (ii)
that it is either (a) not a U.S. person (within the meaning of Regulation 5) and is located outside
the United States (within the meaning of Regulation 5) and acquired, or has agreed to acquire and
will acquire, the Shares to be deposited outside the United States, or (b) is an accredited
investor as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, (iii) it is not an Affiliate
of ours or a person acting on behalf of such an Affiliate and (iv) it is not in the business of
buying and selling securities or, if it is in such business, it did not acquire the Shares to be
deposited from us or any affiliate thereof in the Offering and (b) an agreement that, during the
Restricted Period, it will comply with the restrictions on transfer on transfers of the GDRs, the
GDSs evidenced thereby and the Shares represented thereby.
9
The Depositary will refuse to accept Shares for deposit whenever it is notified in writing that
such deposit would result in any violation of applicable laws.
Upon surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of a GDR for the purpose of
withdrawal of the Deposited Securities represented by the GDSs evidenced by such GDR, and upon
payment of the fees of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts, governmental charges and taxes
provided in the Global Deposit Agreement, and subject to the terms and conditions of the Global
Deposit Agreement, the owner of such GDR will be entitled to delivery, to him or upon his order, of
the amount of Deposited Securities at the time represented by the GDS or DDSs evidenced by such
GDR. The forwarding of share certificates, other securities, property, cash and other documents of
title for such delivery will be at the risk and expense of the owner.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement and any limitations established
by the Depositary, the Depositary may execute and deliver GDRs prior to the receipt of Shares (a
Pre-Release) and deliver Shares upon the receipt and cancellation of GDRs which have been
Pre-Released, whether or not such cancellation is prior to the termination of such Pre-Release or
the Depositary knows that such GDR has been Pre-Released. The Depositary may receive GDRs in lieu
of Shares in satisfaction of a Pre-Release. Each Pre-Release must be (a) preceded or accompanied by
a written representation from the person to whom the GDRs or Shares are to be delivered that such
person, or its customer, owns the Shares or GDRs to be remitted, as the case may be, (b) at all
times fully collateralized with cash or such other collateral as the Depositary deems appropriate,
(c) terminable by the Depositary on not more than five business days notice and (d) subject to
such further indemnities and credit regulations as the Depositary deems appropriate. The number of
Global Depositary Shares which are outstanding at any time as a result of Pre-Releases will not
normally exceed 30% of the Shares deposited pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement; provided,
however, that the Depositary reserves the right to change or disregard such limit from time to time
as it deems appropriate.
The Depositary may retain for its own account any compensation received by it in connection with
the foregoing.
Dividends, other distributions and rights
Whenever the Depositary shall receive any currency other than US Dollars, by way of dividends or
other distributions or the net proceeds from the sale of securities, property or rights, the
Depositary will convert or cause to be converted into Dollars, to the extent that in its judgment
it can do so on a reasonable basis and can transfer the resulting Dollars to the United States, all
cash dividends and other cash distributions, if any, denominated in a currency other than Dollars
(Foreign Currency), that it receives in respect of the deposited Shares, and to distribute the
resulting Dollar amount (net of the expenses incurred by the Depositary in converting such Foreign
Currency) to the owners entitled thereto, in proportion to the number of GDSs representing such
Deposited Securities evidenced by GDRs held by them, respectively. Such distribution may be made
upon an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions among owners on
account of exchange restrictions or the date of delivery of any GDRR or GDRs or otherwise. The
amount distributed to the owners of GDRs will be reduced by any amount on account of taxes to be
withheld by us or the Depositary. See Liability of owner for taxes, below.
If the Depositary determines that in its judgment any Foreign Currency received by the Depositary
cannot be converted on a reasonable basis into Dollars transferable to the United States, or if any
approval or license of any government or agency thereof which is required for such conversion is
denied or in the opinion of the Depositary is not obtainable, or if any such approval or license is
not obtained within a reasonable period as determined by the Depositary, the Depositary may
distribute the Foreign Currency (or an appropriate document evidencing the right to receive such
Foreign Currency) received by the Depositary to, or in its discretion may hold such Foreign
Currency uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for the respective accounts of, the
owners entitled to receive the same. If any such conversion of Foreign Currency, in whole or in
part, cannot be effected for distribution to some of the owners entitled thereto, the Depositary
may in its discretion make such conversion and distribution in US Dollars to the extent permissible
to the owners entitled thereto, and may distribute the balance of the Foreign Currency received by
the Depositary to, or hold such balance uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for,
the respective accounts of, the owners entitled thereto.
If any distribution upon any Deposited Securities consists of a dividend in, or free distribution
of, Shares, the Depositary may (i) if Book-Entry GDSs are available, reflect on the records of the
Depositary such increase in the
10
aggregate number of GDSs representing Shares evidenced by the Master GDR and give notice to DTC of
the related increase in the number of GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR or (ii) if Book-Entry GDSs
are not available, distribute to the owners of outstanding Receipts entitled thereto, in proportion
to the number of Depositary Shares representing such Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts
held by them respectively, additional GDRs evidencing an aggregate number of GDSs that represents
the amount of Shares received as such dividend or free distribution, subject to the terms and
conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement with respect to the deposit of Shares and the issuance
of GDSs evidenced by GDRs, including the withholding of any tax or other governmental charge and
the payment of fees of the Depositary as provided in the Global Deposit Agreement. The Depositary
may withhold any such distribution of GDRs if it has not received satisfactory assurances from us
that such distribution does not require registration under the Securities Act of 1933 or is exempt
from registration under the provisions of such Act. In lieu of delivering GDRs for fractional GDSs
in the event of any such dividend or free distribution, the Depositary will sell the amount of
Shares represented by the aggregate of such fractions and distribute the net proceeds in accordance
with the Global Deposit Agreement. If additional GDRs are not so distributed, each GDS will
thenceforth also represent the additional Shares distributed upon the Deposited Securities
represented thereby. Each beneficial owner of GDRs or Shares so distributed shall be deemed to have
acknowledged that the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and to have
agreed to comply with the restrictions under the Securities Act of 1933 and to have agreed to
comply with the restrictions on transfer.
If we offer or cause to be offered to the holders of any Deposited Securities any rights to
subscribe for additional Shares or any rights of any other nature, the Depositary will have
discretion as to the procedure to be followed in making such rights available to any owners of GDRs
or in disposing of such rights on behalf of any owners and making the net proceeds available to
such owners or, if by the terms of such rights offering or for any other reason, the Depositary may
not either make such rights available to any owners or dispose of such rights and make the net
proceeds available to such owners, then the Depositary shall allow the rights to lapse. If at the
time of the offering of any rights the Depositary determines in its discretion that it is lawful
and feasible to make such rights available to all owners or to all or certain owners but not to
other owners, the Depositary may distribute to any owner to whom it determines the distribution to
be lawful and feasible, in proportion to the number of GDSs held by such owner, warrants or other
instruments therefore in such form as it deems appropriate. If the Depositary determines in its
discretion that it is not lawful and feasible to make such rights available to all or certain
owners, it may sell the rights, warrants or other instruments in proportion to the number of GDSs
held by the owners to whom it has determined it may not lawfully or feasibly make such rights
available, and allocate the net proceeds of such sales (net of the fees and expenses of the
Depositary and all taxes and governmental charges payable in connection with such right and subject
to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement) for the account of such owners
otherwise entitled to such rights, warrants or other instruments, upon an averaged or other
practical basis without regard to any distinctions among such owners because of exchange
restrictions or the date of delivery of any GDR or GDRs, or otherwise.
In circumstances in which rights would not otherwise be distributed, if an owner of GDRs requests
the distribution of warrants or other instruments in order to exercise the rights allocable to the
GDSs of such owner, the Depositary will make such rights available to such owner upon written
notice from us to the Depositary that (a) we have elected in our sole discretion to permit such
rights to be exercised and (b) such owner has executed such documents as we have determined in our
sole discretion are reasonably required under applicable law. Upon instruction pursuant to such
warrants or other instruments to the Depositary from such owner to exercise such rights, upon
payment by such owner to the Depositary for the account of such owner of an amount equal to the
purchase price of the Shares to be received in exercise of the rights, and upon payment of the fees
of the Depositary as set forth in such warrants or other instruments, the Depositary will, on
behalf of such owner, exercise the rights and purchase the Shares, and we shall cause the Shares so
purchased to be delivered to the Depositary on behalf of such owner. As agent for such owner, the
Depositary will cause the Shares so purchased to be deposited, and will execute and deliver
Receipts to such owner, pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement.
The Depositary will not offer rights to owners unless both the rights and the securities to which
such rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 with
respect to a distribution to all owners or are registered under the provisions of such Act;
provided, that nothing in the Global Deposit Agreement will create, or be construed to create, any
obligation on the part of us to file a registration statement with respect to such rights or
underlying securities or to endeavor to have such a registration statement declared effective. If
an owner of GDRs requests the distribution of warrants or other instruments, notwithstanding that
there has been no such registration
11
under such Act, the Depositary will not effect such distribution unless it has received an opinion
from recognized counsel in the United States for us upon which the Depositary may rely that such
distribution to such owner is exempt from such registration. The Depositary will not be responsible
for any failure to determine that it may be lawful or feasible to make such rights available to
owners in general or any owner in particular.
Whenever the Depositary receives any distribution other than cash, Shares or rights in respect of
the Deposited Securities, the Depositary will cause the securities or property received by it to be
distributed to the owners entitled thereto, after deduction or upon payment of any fees and
expenses of the Depositary or any taxes or other governmental charges, in proportion to their
holdings, respectively, in any manner that the Depositary may deem equitable and practicable for
accomplishing such distribution; provided, however, that if in the opinion of the Depositary such
distribution cannot be made proportionately among the owners entitled thereto, or if for any other
reason (including, but not limited to) any requirement that we or the Depositary withhold an amount
on account of taxes or other governmental charges or that such securities must be registered under
the Securities Act of 1933 in order to be distributed to owners or beneficial owners the Depositary
deems such distribution not to be feasible, the Depositary may adopt such method as it may deem
equitable and practicable for the purpose of effecting such distribution, including, but not
limited to, the public or private sale of the securities or property thus received or any part
thereof and the net proceeds of any such sale (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary) will
be distributed by the Depositary to the owners entitled thereto as in the case of a distribution
received in cash. Each beneficial owner of securities so distributed shall be deemed to have
acknowledged that the securities have not been registered under the Securities Act and to have
agreed to comply with the restrictions on transfer.
If the Depositary determines that any distribution of property (including Shares and rights to
subscribe therefore) is subject to any taxes or other governmental charges which the Depositary is
obligated to withhold, the Depositary may, by public or private sale, dispose of all or a portion
of such property in such amount and in such manner as the Depositary deems necessary and
practicable to pay such taxes or charges and the Depositary will distribute the net proceeds of any
such sale after deduction of such taxes or charges to the owners entitled thereto in proportion to
the number of GDSs held by them, respectively.
Upon any change in nominal or par value, split-up, consolidation or any other reclassification of
Deposited Securities, or upon any recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale
of assets affecting us or to which we are a party, any securities which shall be received by the
Depositary or Custodian in exchange for, in conversion of, or in respect of Deposited Securities
will be treated as new Deposited Securities under the Global Deposit Agreement, and the GDSs will
thenceforth represent, in addition to the existing Deposited Securities, the right to receive the
new Deposited Securities so received in exchange or conversion, unless additional GDRs are
delivered pursuant to the following sentence. In any such case the Depositary may (a) if Book-Entry
GDSs are available, make appropriate entry in its records, or (b) if Book-Entry GDSs are not
available, either (i) execute and deliver additional GDRs as in the case of a dividend in Shares,
or (ii) call for the surrender of outstanding GDRs to be exchanged for new GDRs specifically
describing such new Deposited Securities.
Record dates
Whenever any cash dividend or other cash distribution shall become payable or any distribution
other than cash shall be made, or whenever rights shall be issued with respect to the Deposited
Securities, or whenever for any reason the Depositary causes a change in the number of Shares that
are represented by each GDS, or whenever the Depositary shall receive notice of any meeting of
holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or whenever the Depositary shall find it necessary
or convenient the Depositary will fix a record date, which shall be the same date, if any,
applicable to the Deposited Securities, or as close thereto as practicable (a) for the
determination of the owners who will be (i) entitled to receive such dividend, distribution or
rights, or the net proceeds of the sale thereof, or (ii) entitled to give instructions for the
exercise of voting rights at any such meeting, or (b) on or after which each GDS will represent the
changed number of Shares, all subject to the provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement.
Voting of deposited securities
Upon receipt of notice of any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, if
requested in writing by us, the Depositary will, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail to all
owners a notice, the form of which notice will be in the sole discretion of the Depositary,
containing (a) such information included in such notice of meeting received
12
by the Depositary from us, and (b) a statement that the owners as of the close of business on a
specified record date will be entitled, subject to any applicable provision of English law and of
our Memorandum and Articles, to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if
any, pertaining to the amount of Shares or other Deposited Securities represented by their
respective GDSs and (c) a statement as to the manner in which such instructions may be given. Upon
the written request of an owner on such record date, received on or before the date established by
the Depositary for such purpose, the Depositary will endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote or
cause to be voted the amount of Shares or other Deposited Securities represented by the GDSs
evidenced by such GDRs in accordance with the instructions set forth in such request. The
Depositary will not vote or attempt to exercise the right to vote that attaches to the Shares or
other Deposited Securities, other than in accordance with such instructions.
Amendment and termination of the Global Deposit Agreement
The form of GDRs and any provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement may at any time and from time
to time be amended by agreement between us and the Depositary in any respect which they may deem
necessary or desirable without the consent of the owners of GDRs; provided, however, that any
amendment that imposes or increases any fees or charges (other than taxes and other governmental
charges, registration fees, cable, telex or facsimile transmission costs, delivery costs or other
such expenses), or which otherwise prejudices any substantial existing right of owners, will not
take effect as to outstanding GDRs until the expiration of 30 days after notice of any amendment
has been given to the owners of outstanding GDRs. Every owner of a GDR, at the time any amendment
so becomes effective, will be deemed, by continuing to hold such GDR, to consent and agree to such
amendment and to be bound by the Global Deposit Agreement as amended thereby. In no event will any
amendment impair the right of the owner of any GDR to surrender such GDR and receive therefore the
Deposited Securities represented thereby, except to comply with mandatory provisions of applicable
law.
The Depositary will at any time at our direction terminate the Global Deposit Agreement by mailing
notice of such termination to the owners of the GDRs then outstanding at least 90 days prior to the
date fixed in such notice for such termination. The Depositary may likewise terminate the Global
Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to us and the owners of all GDRs then
outstanding if, any time after 90 days have expired after the Depositary will have delivered to us
a written notice of its election to resign and a successor depositary will not have been appointed
and accepted its appointment, in accordance with the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement. On and
after the date of termination, the owner of a Receipt will, upon (a)(i) receipt by the Depositary
at its Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any
beneficial owner, if the book-entry settlement system of DTC is then available for the Book-Entry
GDSs, or (ii) surrender of such Receipt at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, (b)
payment of the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts, and (c) payment of any
applicable taxes or governmental charges, be entitled to delivery, to him or upon his order, of the
amount of Deposited Securities represented by the Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt. If
any GDRs remain outstanding after the date of termination of the Global Deposit Agreement, the
Depositary thereafter will discontinue the registration of transfers of GDRs, will suspend the
distribution of dividends and other distributions to the owners thereof and will not give any
further notices or perform any further acts under the Global Deposit Agreement, except the
collection of dividends and other distributions pertaining to the Deposited Securities, the sale of
rights and other property provided in this Global Deposit Agreement and the delivery of Deposited
Securities, together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect thereto and
the net proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for surrendered GDRs
(after deducting, in each case, the fees of the Depositary for the surrender of GDR and other
expenses set forth in the Global Deposit Agreement and any applicable taxes or governmental
charges). At any time after the expiration of one year from the date of termination, the Depositary
may sell the Deposited Securities then held thereunder and may thereafter hold uninvested the net
proceeds of such sale, together with any other cash then held by it, unsegregated and without
liability for interest, for the pro rata benefit of the owners that have not theretofore
surrendered their Receipts, such owners thereupon becoming general creditors of the Depositary with
respect to such net proceeds. After making such sale, the Depositary will be discharged from all
obligations under the Global Deposit Agreement, except to account for net proceeds and other cash
(after deducting, in each case, the fee of the Depositary and other expenses set forth in the
Global Deposit Agreement for the surrender of a GDR. and any applicable taxes or other governmental
charges).
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Charges of Depositary
The Depositary will charge any party depositing or withdrawing Shares or any party surrendering
GDRs or to whom GDRs are issued (including, without limitation) issuance pursuant to a stock
dividend or stock split declared by us or an exchange of stock regarding the GDRs or Deposited
Securities or a distribution of GDRs pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement) whichever
applicable: (1) taxes and other governmental charges; (2) such registration fees as may from time
to time be in effect for the registration of transfers of Shares generally on our share register or
Foreign Registrar (or any other appointed agent of ours for transfer and registration of the Shares
and applicable to transfers of Shares to the name of the Depositary or its nominee or the Custodian
or its nominee on the making of deposits or withdrawals; (3) such cable, telex or facsimile
transmission expenses as are expressly provided for in the Global Deposit Agreement to be at the
expense of persons depositing Shares or owners; (4) such expenses as are incurred by the Depositary
in the conversion of Foreign Currency pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement; (5) a fee of $5.00
or less per 100 GDSs (or portion thereof) for the execution, delivery and surrender of GDRs
pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement; (6) a fee of $02 or less per GDS (or portion thereof) for
any cash distribution made pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement; (7) a fee of $1.50 or less per
certificate for a GDR or GDRs for transfers made pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement and; (8)
a fee for the distribution of securities pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement, such fee being
in an amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of GDSs referred to above which would
have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities (for purposes of this clause (8)
treating all such securities as if they were Shares), but which securities are instead distributed
by the Depositary to owners and the net proceeds distributed.
The Depositary, pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement, may own and deal in any class of our
securities and our affiliates and in GDRs.
Liability of owner for taxes
If any tax or other governmental charge shall become payable by the Custodian or the Depositary
with respect to any GDR or any Deposited Securities represented by any GDRs, such tax or other
governmental charge will be payable by the owner of such GDR to the Depositary. The Depositary may
refuse to effect registration of transfer of such GDR (or any split-up or combination thereof), or
any withdrawal of Deposited Securities underlying such GDR until such payment is made, and may
withhold any dividends or other distributions, in respect of any Deposited Securities or may sell
for the account of the owner or beneficial owner thereof any part or all of the Deposited
Securities underlying such GDR and may apply such dividends, distributions or the proceeds of any
such sale to pay any such tax or other governmental charge and the owner of such GDR will remain
liable for any deficiency.
General
Neither the Depositary nor our company nor any of our respective directors, employees, agents or
affiliates will be liable to any owner or beneficial owner of any GDR, if by reason of any
provision of any present or future law or regulation of the United States, or any other country, or
of any governmental or regulatory authority or stock exchange, or by reason of any provision,
present or future, of our Memorandum and Articles or by reason of any provision of any securities
issued or distributed by us, or any offering or distribution thereof, or by reason of any act of
God or war or other circumstances beyond our control, the Depositary or our company or any of our
directors, employees, agents or affiliates shall be prevented, delayed or forbidden from, or be
subject to any civil or criminal penalty on account of, doing or performing any act or thing which
by the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement or Deposited Securities it is provided will be done or
performed; nor will the Depositary or our company incur any liability to any owner or beneficial
owner of any GDR by reason of any nonperformance or delay, caused as aforesaid, in the performance
of any act or thing which by the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement it is provided will or may
be done or performed, or by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion
provided for under the Global Deposit Agreement. Where, by the terms of a distribution pursuant to
the Global Deposit Agreement, or an offering or distribution pursuant to the Global Deposit
Agreement, or for any other reason, such distribution or offering may not be made available to
owners, and the Depositary may not dispose of such distribution or offering on behalf of such
owners and make the net proceeds available to such owners, then the Depositary will not make such
distribution or offering, and will allow the rights, if applicable, to lapse.
We and the Depositary assume no obligation nor will we or the Depositary be subject to any
liability under the Global Deposit Agreement to owners or beneficial owners of GDRs, except that we
and the Depositary agree to
14
perform their respective obligations specifically set forth under the Global Deposit Agreement
without negligence or bad faith.
The GDRs are transferable on the books of the Depositary, provided that the Depositary may close
the transfer books at any time or from time to time when deemed expedient by it in connection with
the performance of its duties. As a condition precedent to the execution and delivery, registration
of transfer, split-up, combination or surrender of any GDR or withdrawal of any Deposited
Securities or the adjustment of the Depositarys records to reflect the deposit of Shares or any
such transfer, split-up, combination, surrender or withdrawal, the Depositary, the Custodian or the
Registrar may require payment from the person presenting the GDR or the depositor of the Shares of
a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any tax or other governmental charge and any stock transfer or
registration fee with respect thereto (including any such tax or charge and fee with respect to
Shares being deposited or withdrawn) and payment of any applicable fees. The Depositary may refuse
to deliver GDRs, to register the transfer of any GDR or to make any distribution on, or related to,
Shares until it has received such proof of citizenship or residence, exchange control approval or
other information as it may deem necessary or proper. The delivery, transfer, registration of
transfer of outstanding GDRs and surrender of GDRs generally may be suspended or refused during any
period when the transfer books of the Depositary, our company or the Foreign Registrar are closed
or if any such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the Depositary or us, at any time or from
time to time.
The Depositary will keep books, at its Corporate Trust Office, for the registration and transfer of
GDRs, which at all reasonable times will be open for inspection by the owners, provided that such
inspection will not be for the purpose of communicating with owners in the interest of a business
or object other than our business or a matter related to the Global Deposit Agreement or the GDRs.
The Depositary may appoint one or more co-transfer agents for the purpose of effecting transfers,
combinations and split-ups of GDRs at designated transfer offices on behalf of the Depositary. In
carrying out its functions, a co-transfer agent may require evidence of authority and compliance
with applicable laws and other requirements by owners or persons entitled to GDRs and will be
entitled to protection and indemnity to the same extent as the Depositary.
Warrants
As of
October 19, 2005, warrants to purchase a total of 430,000 ordinary shares were outstanding with
exercise prices of $2.49 per share. Each warrant contains provisions for the adjustment of the
exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon the exercise of the warrant in the event of
certain types of reorganizations and significant corporate transactions. Warrant holders have
certain registration rights once the only trading market for our securities is located within the
United States. These registration rights expire when the shares can be sold pursuant to Rule 144 of
the Securities Act of 1933.
Registrar
The registrar for our ordinary shares is Capita IRG, plc.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2004 regarding compensation plans,
including individual compensation arrangements, under which equity securities of Spark Networks plc
are authorized for issuance.
15
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
remaining available for future |
|
|
Number of Securities to be |
|
Weighted- average |
|
issuance under equity |
|
|
issued upon exercise of |
|
exercise price of |
|
compensation plans |
|
|
outstanding options, |
|
outstanding options, |
|
(excluding securities reflected |
Plan Category |
|
warrants and rights |
|
warrants and rights |
|
in column (a) |
|
|
(a) |
|
(b) |
|
(c) |
Equity compensation
plans approved by
security holders |
|
|
8,996,759 |
(1) |
|
$ |
3.81 |
|
|
|
15,503,000 |
(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity compensation
plans not approved by
security holders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
8,996,759 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,503,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Represents share options outstanding under the 2004 Share Option Scheme and the 2000 Executive Share Option Scheme. |
|
(2) |
|
Represents share options outstanding under the 2004 Share Option Scheme. The 2000 Executive Share Option Scheme
has been terminated and no future issuances of options are available; however, all outstanding options granted
under the plan continue in full force and effect. |
Item 12. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
The information required by this item is contained under the section Information Not Required in
ProspectusItem 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers of the Registration Statement. That
section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The information required by this item is contained under the section Consolidated Financial
Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registration Statement. That
section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
The information required by this item is contained under the section Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsChange in Accountants of the
Registration Statement. That section is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 15. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(a) Financial Statement
See Item 13 above.
(b) Exhibits
Except for
Exhibits 99.1, 4.1 and 4.2, which are included herein, the following exhibits are incorporated herein
by reference from the Registration Statement or, where noted, will be filed by amendment:
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description of Exhibit |
3.1**
|
|
Memorandum of Association of Registrant dated September 3, 1998 |
|
|
|
3.2**
|
|
Amendment to Memorandum of Association dated January 10, 2005 (Name Change) |
|
|
|
3.3**
|
|
Articles of Association of Registrant, as amended April 11, 2000, December 10, 2004 and September
2, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
Deposit Agreement for Global Depositary Shares |
|
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Form of GDR (included in
Exhibit 4.1 herein) |
|
16
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|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description of Exhibit |
4.3
|
|
Specimen ordinary share certificate |
|
|
|
10.1** |
|
Lease dated September 1, 2000 between Arden Realty Limited Partnership and the Registrant
regarding 8383 Wilshire Boulevard (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of MatchNet, Inc.s
registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.1(a)**
|
|
First Amendment to Lease, dated September 5, 2000
(incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1(a) of
MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1
(file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.1(b)**
|
|
Second Amendment to Lease, dated January 16, 2003
(incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1(b) of
MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1
(file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.1(c)**
|
|
Third Amendment to Lease, dated October 30, 2003
(incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1(c) of
MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1
(file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.1(d)**
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Lease, dated May 14, 2004
(incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1(d) of
MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1
(file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.2**
|
|
2004 Share Option Scheme |
|
|
|
10.3**
|
|
2000 Executive Share Option Scheme |
|
|
|
10.4**
|
|
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated November 27, 2003, between the Registrant and Point Match USA,
Inc. (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4 of MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on
Form S-1 (file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.4(a)**
|
|
First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement, January 7, 2004, between the Registrant and Point
Match USA, Inc |
|
|
|
10.5**
|
|
Asset Purchase Agreement, dated November 27, 2003, between MatchNet (Israel) Ltd., a subsidiary of
the Registrant, and Point Match Ltd. (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.5 of MatchNet, Inc.s
registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.5(a)**
|
|
First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated January 7, 2004, between MatchNet (Israel)
Ltd., a subsidiary of the Registrant, and Point Match Ltd. (incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10.5(a) of MatchNet, Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-117940) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
|
|
10.6**
|
|
Executive Employment Agreement, dated August 12, 2004, between the Registrant and David Siminoff |
|
|
|
10.7**
|
|
Executive Employment Agreement, dated October 4, 2004, between the Registrant and Mark Thompson |
|
|
|
10.8**
|
|
Executive Employment Agreement, dated October 4, 2004, between the Registrant and Phillip Nelson |
|
|
|
10.9**
|
|
Executive Employment Agreement, dated March 1, 2005, between the Registrant and Joe Y. Shapira |
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement for Officers and Directors |
|
|
|
10.10(a)
|
|
List of Parties executing Form of Indemnification Agreement for Officers and Directors |
|
|
|
10.11**
|
|
Deal Documents and Purchase Agreement for investment in Yobon, Inc. dated October 19, 2004 |
|
|
|
10.12**
|
|
Warrant Agreement, dated December 30, 2004, between the Registrant and Europlay Capital Advisors
LLC |
|
|
|
10.13**
|
|
Executive Employment Agreement, dated August 31, 2005, between the Registrant and Gregory R.
Liberman |
|
|
|
10.14* |
|
Stock Purchase Agreement dated
May 19, 2005 by and among the Registrant, MingleMatch, Inc., The
Corporation of the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, and shareholders of MingleMatch, Inc. |
|
|
|
16.1**
|
|
Letter re: Change in Certifying Accountant (incorporated by reference to exhibit 16.1 of MatchNet,
Inc.s registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-117940) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 4, 2004) |
|
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21.1**
|
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List of subsidiaries |
|
|
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99.1
|
|
Registration Statement on Form S-1 |
|
|
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* |
|
To be filed by amendment. |
|
** |
|
Previously filed. |
17
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant
has duly caused Amendment No. 1 to this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Beverly Hills, State of
California, on November 7,
2005.
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Spark Networks plc |
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By:
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/s/ David E. Siminoff |
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David E. Siminoff |
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Chief Executive Officer and President |
18
exv4w1
Exhibit 4.1
MATCHNET PLC
AND
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
As Depositary
AND
OWNERS AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF
GLOBAL DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS
Global Deposit Agreement
Dated as of April 28, 2000
|
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ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS |
|
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1 |
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SECTION 1.01. Beneficial Owner |
|
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1 |
|
SECTION
1.02. Book-Entry GDSs |
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1 |
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SECTION 1.03. Clearstream |
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2 |
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SECTION 1.04. Commission |
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2 |
|
SECTION 1.05. Company |
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2 |
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SECTION 1.06. Custodian |
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2 |
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SECTION
1.07. Depositary; Corporate Trust Office |
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2 |
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SECTION 1.08. Deposited Securities |
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2 |
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SECTION
1.09. Dollars; Pounds; Pence;
P |
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2 |
|
SECTION 1.10. DTC |
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3 |
|
SECTION
1.11. Foreign Currency |
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3 |
|
SECTION 1.12. Foreign Registrar |
|
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3 |
|
SECTION
1.13. Global Depositary
Shares; GDSs; Global Depositary Receipts; GDRs |
|
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3 |
|
SECTION
1.14. Global Deposit Agreement |
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3 |
|
SECTION 1.15. Initial Deposit |
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3 |
|
SECTION 1.16. Master GDR |
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3 |
|
SECTION 1.17. Owner |
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4 |
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SECTION 1.18. Physical GDSs |
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4 |
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SECTION 1.19. Receipts |
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4 |
|
SECTION 1.20. Registrar |
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4 |
|
SECTION
1.21. Regulation S |
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4 |
|
SECTION 1.22. Rule 144 |
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4 |
|
SECTION 1.23. Rule 903 |
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4 |
|
SECTION 1.24. Rule 904 |
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5 |
|
SECTION 1.25. Securities Act |
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5 |
|
SECTION 1.26. Securities Exchange Act |
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5 |
|
SECTION 1.27. Shares |
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5 |
|
SECTION 1.28. Stamp Taxes |
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5 |
|
SECTION 1.29. United States |
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5 |
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|
ARTICLE 2. BOOK-ENTRY SYSTEM FORM OF RECEIPTS, DEPOSIT OF SHARES, EXECUTION AND
DELIVERY TRANSFER AND SURRENDER OF RECEIPTS |
|
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6 |
|
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|
SECTION 2.01. Form and Transferability of Receipts |
|
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6 |
|
SECTION 2.02. Deposit of Shares |
|
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9 |
|
SECTION 2.03. Execution and Delivery of Receipts |
|
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11 |
|
SECTION
2.04. Transfer of Receipts; Combination and Split-up of Receipts |
|
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12 |
|
SECTION 2.05.
Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Shares |
|
|
13 |
|
SECTION 2.06.
Limitations on Execution and Delivery, Transfer and Surrender of
Receipts and Withdrawal of Deposited Securities |
|
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15 |
|
SECTION 2.07. Lost Receipts |
|
|
15 |
|
SECTION 2.08. Cancellation and Destruction of Surrendered Receipts |
|
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16 |
|
SECTION
2.09. Pre-Release |
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16 |
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|
ARTICLE 3.
CERTAIN OBLIGATIONS OF OWNERS OF RECEIPTS |
|
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17 |
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SECTION
3.01. Filing Proofs, Certificates and Other Information |
|
|
17 |
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SECTION
3.02. Liability of Owner for Taxes |
|
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17 |
|
SECTION 3.03.
Warranties on Deposit or Withdrawal of Shares |
|
|
17 |
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|
|
ARTICLE
4. THE DEPOSITED SECURITIES |
|
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18 |
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SECTION 4.01. Cash Distributions |
|
|
18 |
|
- 41 -
|
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|
SECTION 4.02. Distributions Other than Cash,
Shares or Rights |
|
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19 |
|
SECTION 4.03. Distributions in Shares
|
|
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19 |
|
SECTION 4.04. Rights |
|
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20 |
|
SECTION 4.05.
Conversion of Foreign Currency |
|
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22 |
|
SECTION 4.06.
Fixing of Record date |
|
|
22 |
|
SECTION 4.07.
Voting of Deposited Securities
|
|
|
23 |
|
SECTION 4.08. Changes Affecting Deposited Securities
|
|
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24 |
|
SECTION 4.09. Reports |
|
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24 |
|
SECTION 4.10. Lists of Owners
|
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24 |
|
SECTION 4.11. Withholding |
|
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25 |
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|
ARTICLE 5. THE DEPOSITARY THE CUSTODIANS AND THE COMPANY |
|
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25 |
|
|
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|
|
SECTION 5.01.
Maintenance of Office and Transfer Books by the Depositary |
|
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25 |
|
SECTION 5.02.
Prevention or Delay in Performance by the Depositary or the Company |
|
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26 |
|
SECTION 5.03.
Obligations of the Depositary, the Custodian and the Company |
|
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26 |
|
SECTION 5.04.
Resignation and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor
Depositary |
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27 |
|
SECTION 5.05. The Costodians |
|
|
28 |
|
SECTION 5.06.
Notices and Reports |
|
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29 |
|
SECTION 5.07.
Issuance and Distribution of Additional Shares, Rights, etc. |
|
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29 |
|
SECTION
5.08. Indemnification |
|
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30 |
|
SECTION 5.09.
Charges of Depositary |
|
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30 |
|
SECTION 5.10.
Retention of Depositary Documents |
|
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31 |
|
SECTION 5.11. Exclusivity |
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31 |
|
SECTION 5.12. Available Information |
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31 |
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|
ARTICLE 6. AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION |
|
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32 |
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SECTION 6.01. Amendment |
|
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32 |
|
SECTION 6.02. Termination |
|
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32 |
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|
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ARTICLE 7. MISCELLANEOUS |
|
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33 |
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SECTION 7.01. Counterparts |
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33 |
|
SECTION 7.02. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
|
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33 |
|
SECTION 7.03. Severability |
|
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34 |
|
SECTION 7.04. Owners and Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect |
|
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34 |
|
SECTION 7.05. Notices |
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34 |
|
SECTION 7.06. Governing Law |
|
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35 |
|
SECTION 7.07. Article Section |
|
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35 |
|
- 42 -
GLOBAL DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
GLOBAL DEPOSIT AGREEMENT dated as of April 28, 2000 among MATCHNET PL.C, incorporated under
the laws of England and Wales (herein called the Company), THE BANK OF NEW YORK, a New York
banking corporation (herein called the Depositary), and all Owners (as hereinafter defined) and
Beneficial Owners (as hereinafter defined) from time to time of Global Depositary Receipts issued
hereunder.
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide, as hereinafter set forth in this Global Deposit
Agreement, for the deposit of Shares (as hereinafter defined) of the Company from time to time
with the Depositary or with the Custodian (as hereinafter defined),
as agent of the Depositary for
the purposes set forth in this Global Deposit Agreement, for the creation of Global Depositary
Shares representing the Shares so deposited and for the execution and delivery of Global
Depositary Receipts evidencing the Global Depositary Shares; and
WHEREAS, the Global Depositary Receipts are to be substantially in the form of Exhibit A
annexed hereto, with appropriate insertions, modifications and omissions, as hereinafter provided
in this Global Deposit Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, it is agreed by and between the parties
hereto as follows:
ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS.
The
following definitions shall for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated, apply
to the respective terms used in this Global Deposit Agreement;
SECTION 1.01. Beneficial Owner.
The term Beneficial Owner shall mean each person owning from time to time any beneficial
interest in the Master GDR issued hereunder but who is not the Owner of such Receipt.
SECTION
1.02. Book-Entry GDSs.
The
term Book-Entry GDSs shall mean all GDSs other than Physical GDSs, which are evidenced
by a Receipt in book-entry form in accordance with Section 2.01(b).
- 1 -
SECTION 1.03. Clearstream.
The term Clearstream shall mean Clearstream Banking A.G.
SECTION 1.04. Commission.
The term Commission shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States
or any successor governmental agency in the United States.
SECTION 1.05. Company.
The term Company shall mean MatchNet PLC, incorporated under the laws of England and
Wales, and its successors.
SECTION 1.06. Custodian.
The term Custodian shall mean the London office of The Bank of New York, as agent of the
Depositary for the purposes of this Global Deposit Agreement, and any other firm or corporation
which may hereafter be appointed by the Depositary pursuant to the terms of Section 5.05, as
substitute or additional custodian or custodians hereunder, as the context shall require and shall
also mean all of them collectively.
SECTION 1.07. Depositary; Corporate Trust Office.
The term Depositary shall mean The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation, and
any successor as depositary hereunder. The term Corporate Trust Office, when used with respect
to the Depositary, shall mean the corporate trust office of the Depositary which at the date of
this Global Deposit Agreement is 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286.
SECTION l.08. Deposited Securities.
The term Deposited Securities as of any time shall mean Shares at such time deposited or
deemed to be deposited under this Global Deposit Agreement and any and all other securities,
property and cash received by the Depositary or the Custodian in respect thereof and at such time
held hereunder, subject as to cash to the provisions of Section 4.05.
SECTION 1.09. Dollars; Pounds; Pence; P.
The term Dollars shall mean United States dollars. The terms Pounds or Pence or P
shall mean the lawful currency of the United Kingdom.
- 2 -
SECTION 1.10. DTC.
The term DTC shall mean The Depository Trust Company, or any successor corporation thereto.
SECTION 1.11. Foreign Currency.
The term Foreign Currency shall mean any currency other than Dollars.
SECTION 1.12. Foreign Registrar.
The term Foreign Registrar shall mean the entity that presently carries out the duties of
registrar for the Shares or any successor as registrar for the Shares and any other appointed
agent of the Company for the transfer and registration of Shares.
SECTION
1.13. Global Depositary Shares; GDSs; Global Depositary Receipts; GDRs.
The terms Global Depositary Shares and GDSs shall mean the securities representing the
interests in the Deposited Securities and evidenced by Receipts issued hereunder. Each Global
Depositary Share shall represent the right to receive one (1) Share, until there shall occur a
distribution upon Deposited Securities covered by Section 4.03 or a change in Deposited Securities
covered by Section 4.08 with respect to which additional Receipts are not executed and delivered,
and thereafter Global Depositary Shares shall evidence the rights to receive the amount of Shares
or Deposited Securities specified in such Sections. The terms Global Depositary Receipts and
GDRs shall mean the global depositary receipts evidencing the GDSs.
SECTION 1.14. Global Deposit Agreement.
The term Global Deposit Agreement shall mean this Global Deposit Agreement, as the same
may be amended from time to time in accordance with the provisions hereof, and all instruments
supplemental hereto.
SECTION 1.15. Initial Deposit.
The term Initial Deposit shall mean the deposit of Shares to the account
of any Custodian by the Company pursuant to Section 2.02(a) hereof and in connection
with an offering of Global Depositary Shares pursuant to an offering circular dated
, as completed on .
SECTION 1.16. Master GDR.
The term Master GDR shall mean the GDS registered in the name of the nominee of DTC
evidencing all Book-Entry GDSs, as provided in Section 2.01(b).
- 3 -
SECTION 1.17. Owner.
The term Owner shall mean the person in whose name a Receipt is registered on the books of
the Depositary maintained for such purpose.
SECTION 1.18. Physical GDSs.
The
term Physical GDSs shall mean GDSs evidenced by Receipts (other than the Master GDR)
issued in physical, certificated form pursuant to Section 2.01 (b) at any time that the
book-entry settlement system of DTC is not available for the Book-Entry GDSs as provided in
Section 2.01 (b).
SECTION 1.19. Receipts.
The term Receipts shall mean the Global Depositary Receipts, including the Master GDR,
issued hereunder, in substantially the form of Exhibit A hereto, evidencing Global Depositary
Shares as the same may be amended from time to time in accordance with the provisions hereof.
SECTION 1.20. Registrar.
The term Registrar shall mean the Depositary or any bank or trust company having an office
in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which shall be appointed to register Receipts
and transfers of Receipts and to countersign Receipts as herein provided and shall include any
co-registrars appointed by the Depositary.
SECTION 1.21. Regulation S.
The term Regulation S shall mean Regulation S, as from time to time amended, under the
Securities Act.
SECTION 1.22. Rule 144.
The
term Rule 144 shall mean Rule 144, as from time to time amended, under the Securities
Act.
SECTION 1.23. Rule 903.
The term Rule 903 shall mean Rule 903, as from time to time amended, under the Securities
Act.
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SECTION 1.24. Rule 904.
The term Rule 904 shall mean Rule 904, as from time to time amended, under the Securities
Act.
SECTION 1.25. Securities Act.
The term Securities Act shall mean the United States Securities Act of 1933, as
from time to time amended.
SECTION 1.26. Securities Exchange Act.
The term Securities Exchange Act shall mean the United States
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as from time to time amended.
SECTION
1.27. Shares.
The term Shares shall mean ordinary shares of 1p each in the Company heretofore validly
issued and outstanding and fully paid, nonassessable and free of any preemptive rights of the
holders of outstanding Shares, or hereafter validly issued and outstanding and fully paid,
nonassessable and free of any preemptive rights of the holders of outstanding Shares or interim
certificates representing such Shares; provided, however, that if there shall occur any
change in par value, a split-up or consolidation or any other reclassification or, upon the
occurrence of an event described in Section 4.08, an exchange or conversion in respect of the
Shares, the term Shares shall thereafter mean the successor securities resulting from such change
in par value, split-up or consolidation or such other reclassification or such exchange or
conversion.
SECTION
1.28. Stamp Taxes.
The term stamp taxes shall mean any stamp duty reserve tax imposed by Part IV of
the Finance Act 1986 of the United Kingdom (or any statutory modification or
re-enactment thereof) in respect of any deposit of Shares in accordance with Section
2.02 of this Deposit Agreement, or any stamp duty imposed by Part III of the Finance Act
1986 of the United Kingdom (or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof) on
any deposit of Shares in accordance with Section 2.02 of this Deposit Agreement, or both
of them, as the context may require.
SECTION 1.29. United States.
The term United States shall, except as otherwise provided in this Global Deposit
Agreement or the Receipts, mean the United States of America, its territories and
possessions, any State of the United States, and the District of Columbia.
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ARTICLE 2. |
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BOOK-ENTRY SYSTEM, FORM OF RECEIPTS, DEPOSIT OF SHARES, EXECUTION AND DELIVERY, TRANSFER
AND SURRENDER OF RECEIPTS. |
SECTION 2.01. Form and Transferability of Receipts.
(a) Receipts shall be entitled Global Depositary Receipts and shall be substantially in the
form set forth in Exhibit A annexed to this Global Deposit Agreement, with appropriate insertions,
modifications and omissions as hereinafter provided. No Receipt shall be entitled to any benefits
under this Global Deposit Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless such Receipt
shall have been executed by the Depositary by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly
authorized signatory of the Depositary and, if a Registrar (other than the Depositary) for the
Receipts shall have been appointed, countersigned by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly
authorized signatory of the Registrar. The Depositary shall maintain books on which each Receipt
so executed and delivered as hereinafter provided and the transfer of each such Receipt shall be
registered. Receipts bearing the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of
the Depositary who was at any time a proper signatory of the Depositary shall bind the Depositary,
notwithstanding that such signatory has ceased to hold such office prior to the execution and
delivery of such Receipts by the Registrar or did not hold such office on the date of issuance of
such Receipts.
Each
Receipt shall bear the following legend:
THIS GLOBAL DEPOSITARY RECEIPT, THE GLOBAL DEPOSITARY SHARES EVIDENCED HEREBY
AND THE ORDINARY SHARES OF 1P EACH OF MATCHNET PLC (SHARES) REPRESENTED
THEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT
OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE SECURITIES ACT), AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD,
PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN
ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY
APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
In addition to the foregoing, the Receipts may be endorsed with or have incorporated in the
text thereof such legends or recitals or modifications not inconsistent with the provisions of
this Global Deposit Agreement as may be required (i) by the Depositary; (ii) to comply with any
applicable law or regulations or with the rules and regulations thereunder of any securities
exchange upon which Global Depositary Shares may be listed or to conform with any usage with
respect thereto, or to indicate any special
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limitations or restrictions to which any particular Receipts are subject by reason of the date or
manner of issuance of the underlying Deposited Securities or otherwise; or (iii) by Section 2.01(b)
or otherwise.
The Receipts shall bear a CUSIP number that is different from any CUSIP number that is or
may be assigned to any other restricted depositary receipt facility relating to the Shares.
If applicable, the Receipts shall bear an
ISIN number that is different from any ISIN number
that is or may be assigned to any other restricted depositary receipt facility relating to the
Shares.
(b) The Company and the Depositary shall make application to DTC and Clearstream for
acceptance of the Book-Entry GDSs for their respective book-entry settlement systems. The Company
hereby appoints the Depositary acting through any authorized officer
thereof as its
attorney-in-fact, with full power to delegate, for purposes of executing any agreements,
certifications or other instruments or documents necessary or desirable in order to effect the
acceptance of the Book-Entry GDSs for DTC and Clearstream eligibility, including but not limited
to a letter of representations, with such modifications as are agreed to by the Company and the
other parties thereto.
So long as the Book-Entry GDSs are eligible for book-entry settlement with DTC, unless
otherwise required by law, such Book-Entry GDSs representing the Shares deposited with any
Custodian shall be represented by a Master GDR registered in the name of a nominee of DTC
(initially expected to be Cede & Co.) and no person acquiring such Book-Entry GDSs shall receive
or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificated Receipts evidencing Global Depositary
Shares. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely upon the procedures of DTC and institutions
having accounts with DTC to exercise or be entitled to any rights of an Owner of a Receipt. The
Bank of New York or such other entity as is agreed with DTC may hold the Master GDR as custodian
for DTC. During any period in which Book-Entry GDSs are represented by the Master GDR, ownership
of beneficial interests in the Master GDR shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership
shall be effected only through, records maintained by (i) DTC or its nominee (with respect to
participants interests) or (ii) institutions having accounts with DTC. All references in this
Global Deposit Agreement to issuance or delivery of Receipts shall be deemed to include, where
applicable, adjustments in the records of the Depositary showing the number of Book-Entry GDSs
evidenced by the Master GDR.
The Company has requested that DTC not effect any book-entry deliveries of the Book-Entry
GDSs, except deliveries to or between DTC participant accounts maintained by the banks that act
as depositaries for Clearstream (the Deliver Order Chill) until the Company delivers further
instructions.
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For so long as the Master GDR is registered in the name of a nominee of DTC, it shall bear a legend
substantially in the following form:
Unless this certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository
Trust Company, a New York corporation (DTC), to the agent authorized by the issuer for
registration of transfer, exchange, or payment, and any certificate issued is registered in
the name of Cede & Co. or in such other name as is requested by an authorized
representative of DTC (and any payment is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is
requested by an authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE
HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the registered
owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.
If,
at any time when Book-Entry GDSs are represented by the Master GDR,
DTC (or Clearstream)
ceases to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Book Entry GDSs, the Company
shall consult with the Depositary regarding other arrangements for book-entry settlement. Only in
the event that it is impracticable without undue effort or expense to continue to make the GDSs
available in book-entry form as determined by the Company and the Depositary shall the Company
instruct the Depositary to make Receipts evidencing Physical GDSs available to the Beneficial
Owners in physical, certificated form, which availability shall be subject to such additions,
deletions and modifications to the form of Receipt attached hereto as Exhibit A and this Global
Deposit Agreement, and subject to the requirements of any other documents, statements or
certifications in connection therewith, as the Company and the Depositary may, from time to time,
agree. In the event of issuance of Receipts in physical, certificated form evidencing Physical
GDSs, such Receipts may evidence any number of Global Depositary Shares.
The Receipts shall be typewritten, in the case of the Master GDR, and otherwise shall be
engraved, lithographed, printed or typewritten, or in such other form as may be agreed upon by
the Company and the Depositary. The Master GDR shall bear such legend or legends as may be
required by DTC for acceptance of the Book-Entry GDSs for its book-entry settlement system. The
Master GDR shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of Book-Entry GDSs from
time to time indicated in the records of the Depositary as being issued hereunder and that the
aggregate amount of Global Depositary Shares represented thereby may from time to time be
increased or decreased by the adjustment of such records of the Depositary and of DTC or its
nominee as hereinafter provided.
(c) Title to a Receipt (and to the Global Depositary Shares evidenced thereby), when
properly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of transfer and
transferred in accordance with the terms of this Global Deposit Agreement, shall be transferable
by delivery with the same effect as in the case of a
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negotiable instrument under the laws of
the State of New York; provided, however, that the
Depositary, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the Owner thereof as the absolute
owner thereof for the purpose of determining the person entitled to distribution of dividends or
other distributions or to any notice provided for in this Global Deposit Agreement and for all
other purposes and neither the Depositary nor the Company will have any obligation or be subject to
any liability under this Global Deposit Agreement to any holder of a Receipt unless such holder is
the Owner thereof.
SECTION 2.02. Deposit of Shares.
(a) The Initial Deposit shall be made by delivery of Shares by the Company (or on behalf of
the Company at its direction) to an account maintained by any Custodian for such purpose. Provided
that the Book-Entry GDSs are accepted for the book-entry settlement system of DTC and Clearstream,
it is contemplated that all GDSs sold in connection with the Initial Deposit will be Book-Entry
GDSs. Prior to such delivery, the Company shall deliver, or cause to he delivered, (i) to the
Depositary (A) a certificate signed on behalf of the Company, certifying the number of Book-Entry
GDSs sold in connection with the Initial Deposit (the Initial Deposit Certificate), (B) a
written order from or on behalf of the Company directing the Depositary to execute and deliver to
DTC or its custodian to be credited to the participant accounts of Clearstream, the Master GDR
evidencing the number of Book-Entry GDSs specified in the Initial Deposit Certificate, and (C)
evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that amounts in respect of any applicable stamp taxes have
been fully paid, and (ii) to DTC, an instruction on behalf of the Company, specifying the DTC
participant or participants to whose account(s) such Book-Entry GDSs should be credited.
(b) Subsequent to the Initial Deposit, subject to the terms and conditions of this Global
Deposit Agreement, Shares or evidence of rights to receive Shares may be deposited under this
Global Deposit Agreement by delivery thereof to any Custodian hereunder, accompanied by any
appropriate instrument or instruments of transfer, or endorsement, in form satisfactory to the
Custodian, together with a duly executed and completed written certification and agreement
(Depositor Certificate), in substantially the form attached as Annex I hereto, by or on behalf
of the person who will be the Beneficial Owner of the Global Depositary Shares to be issued upon
deposit of such Shares, and all such certifications, documents, other information (including, with
respect to any applicable stamp taxes, evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that any such
amounts have been fully paid) and payments as may be required by the Depositary or the Custodian
in accordance with the provisions of this Global Deposit Agreement, and, if the Depositary
requires, together with a written order (1) directing the Depositary to adjust its records, as
contemplated by Section 2.01 (b), so as to increase, by the number of Global Depositary Shares
representing such deposited Shares, the number of Global Depositary Shares evidenced by the Master
GDR, and specifying the person or persons to whose DTC participant account such increase in the
number of Global Depositary Shares
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should be credited or (2) in the case of deposits made at any time that DTCs book-entry
settlement system is not available for the Book-Entry GDSs as provided in Section 2.01(b),
directing the Depositary to execute and deliver to, or upon the written order of, the person or
persons stated in such order a Receipt or Receipts in physical certificated form, for the number
of GDSs representing such deposited Shares; provided, however, that subsequent to the
Initial Deposit, the Depositary shall not accept deposits of Shares under this Global Deposit
Agreement for a period of 6 months from the date of the start of trading of the GDSs of the Neuer
Markt segment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange.
No Share shall be accepted for deposit unless accompanied by evidence satisfactory to the
Depositary that all conditions to such deposit have been satisfied by the person depositing such
Shares under English laws and regulations and any necessary approval has been granted by any
governmental body in England, which is then performing the function of the regulation of currency
exchange or any other function which requires approval for the deposit of Shares. If required by
the Depositary, Shares presented for deposit at any time, whether or not the transfer books of the
Company or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, are closed, shall also be accompanied by an
agreement or assignment, or other instrument satisfactory to the Depositary, which will provide
for the prompt transfer to the Custodian of any dividend, or right to subscribe for additional
Shares or to receive other property which any person in whose name the Shares are or have been
recorded may thereafter receive upon or in respect of such deposited Shares, or in lieu thereof,
such agreement of indemnity or other agreement as shall be satisfactory to the Depositary.
At the request, risk and expense of any person proposing to deposit Shares, and for the
account of such person, the Depositary may receive certificates for Shares to be deposited,
together with the other instruments and payments herein specified, for the purpose of forwarding
such Share certificates to the Custodian for deposit hereunder.
Upon each delivery to a Custodian of a certificate or certificates for Shares to be
deposited hereunder, together with the other documents and payments specified above, such
Custodian shall, as soon as transfer and recordation can be accomplished, present such
certificate or certificates to the Company or the appointed agent of the Company for transfer and
registration of Shares, which may but need not be the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, for
transfer and recordation of the Shares being deposited in the name of the Depositary or its
nominee or such Custodian or its nominee.
(c) The Depositary agrees to instruct the Custodian to place all Shares accepted for deposit
under this Global Deposit Agreement into segregated accounts separate from any Shares of the
Company that may be held by such Custodian under any other depositary receipt facility relating
to the Shares.
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(d) Deposited Securities shall be held by the Depositary or by a Custodian for the account and to
the order of the Depositary or at such other place or places as the Depositary shall determine.
SECTION 2.03. Execution and Delivery of Receipts.
(a) Upon receipt from the Custodian of confirmation that the Initial Deposit and delivery of
the other documents specified in Section 2.02(a) have been duly made, the Depositary, subject to
the terms and conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, shall execute and deliver to DTC or its
custodian the Master GDR evidencing the number of Book-Entry GDSs specified in the Initial Deposit
Certificate as having been sold in connection with the Initial Deposit.
(b) In the case of any deposit of Shares other than the Initial Deposit, upon receipt by any
Custodian of any deposit pursuant to Section 2.02(b) hereunder (and in addition, if the transfer
books of the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, are upon the Depositary may
in its sole discretion require a proper acknowledgment or other evidence from the Company that any
Deposited Securities have been recorded upon the books of the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if
applicable, in the name of the Depositary or its nominee or such Custodian or its nominee),
together with the other documents and payments required as specified above and pursuant to Section
2.06, such Custodian shall notify the Depositary of such deposit and the name and DTC account
number of the DTC participant or participants to whose account(s) the Book-Entry GDSs should be
credited or, if DTCs book-entry settlement system is not then available for the Book-Entry GDSs as
provided in Section 2.01(b), the person or persons to whom or upon whose written order a
certificated Receipt or Receipts for Physical GDSs are deliverable in respect thereof and the
number of Global Depositary Shares to be evidenced thereby. Such notification shall be made by
letter or, at the request, risk and expense of the person making the deposit, by air courier,
cable, telex or facsimile transmission.
Upon receiving such notice from such Custodian, the Depositary or its agent, subject to this
Global Deposit Agreement, shall (a) if DTCs book-entry settlement system is then available for
the Book-Entry GDSs (i) adjust its records to reflect such deposit so as to evidence the
aggregate number of Book-Entry GDSs then outstanding and (ii) instruct DTC to adjust its records
to reflect such increase and credit the designated DTC participant account or accounts with such
increase, or (b) if DTCs book-entry settlement system is not then available for Book-Entry GDSs
as provided in Section 2.01 (b), execute and deliver outside the United States at the expense and
risk of the person depositing such Shares, to or upon the order of the person or persons named in
the notice delivered to the Depositary, a certificated Receipt or Receipts, registered in the
name or names requested by such person or persons, and evidencing in the aggregate the number of
Physical GDSs to which such person or persons are entitled, but, in either case, (A) only upon
payment to the Depositary or Custodian of all taxes and governmental
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charges and fees payable in connection with such deposit and the transfer of the deposited Shares
and (B) subject to the other terms of this Global Deposit Agreement and the provisions of the
Companys Memorandum and Articles of Association and of the Deposited Securities.
The Depositary shall neither execute nor deliver a Receipt nor adjust its records in respect
of any deposit of Shares unless a Depositor Certificate in substantially the form appearing as
Annex I hereto is provided to the Depositary by or on behalf of the person acquiring beneficial
ownership of any CDS; provided, that such certification and agreement need not be given and made
in connection with the Initial Deposit and the initial issuance of Receipts.
SECTION 2.04.
Transfer of Receipts; Combination and Split-up of
Receipts.
The Depositary, subject to the terms and conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement,
including payment of the fees of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09, shall register
transfers of Receipts on its transfer books from time to time, (a) if the book-entry settlement
system of DTC is then available for the Book-Entry GDSs, upon receipt by the Depositary at its
Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any
Beneficial Owner and (b) if the book-entry settlement system of DTC shall become unavailable for
the Book-Entry GDSs, upon surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of a Receipt,
by the Owner in person or by a duly authorized attorney, properly endorsed or accompanied by a
proper instrument or instruments of transfer (including, in the case of any Receipt in physical,
certificated form, the due execution and completion of any endorsements appearing thereon relating
to compliance with restrictions applicable to the transfer thereof), and duly stamped as may be
required by the laws of the State of New York and of the United States. Thereupon the Depositary
shall execute a new Receipt or Receipts and deliver the same to or upon the order of the person
entitled thereto, subject to receipt of any certifications by such person as the Depositary and
the Company may require in order to comply with applicable laws, but only upon payment to the
Depositary of the fees of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09.
The Depositary may deliver a Receipt or Receipts in exchange for an unrestricted depositary
receipt or unrestricted depositary receipts, upon the same terms and subject to the same
conditions as apply to a deposit for a Receipt under Section 2.02(b).
The Depositary, subject to the terms and conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, shall
upon surrender of a Receipt or Receipts for the purpose of effecting a split-up or combination of
such Receipt or Receipts, execute and deliver a new Receipt or Receipts for any authorized number
of Global Depositary Shares requested, evidencing
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the same aggregate number of Global Depositary Shares as the Receipt or Receipts surrendered.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any transfer of a Receipt evidencing Physical
GDSs, upon the surrender of such Receipt together with written instructions as to the person or
persons, or to whose DTC participant account the Physical GDSs to be
transferred are to be
credited, the Depositary will, if at the time DTCs book-entry settlement system is available for
Book-Entry GDSs, cancel the surrendered Receipt, adjust its records, and instruct DTC to adjust
its records, so as to increase the number of Global Depositary Shares represented by the Master
GDR by the number of Physical GDSs evidenced by the Receipt so surrendered for transfer and
inform DTC as to the person or persons, or to whose DTC participant account such Global
Depositary Shares are to be credited.
The Depositary may appoint one or more co-transfer agents for the purpose of effecting
transfers, combinations and split-ups of Receipts at designated transfer offices on behalf of the
Depositary. In carrying out its functions, a co-transfer agent may require evidence of authority
and compliance with applicable laws and other requirements by Owners or persons entitled to
Receipts and will be entitled to protection and indemnity to the same extent as the Depositary.
SECTION 2.05. Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Shares.
Subject to the terms and conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, upon (i) receipt by the
Depositary at its Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on
behalf of any Beneficial Owner, if the book-entry settlement system of DTC is then available for
the Book-Entry GDSs, and (ii) surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of a
Receipt evidencing Book-Entry GDSs or Physical GDSs, if the book-entry settlement system of DTC
shall have become unavailable for Book-Entry GDSs, in either case for the purpose of withdrawal of
the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or
representing such persons beneficial interest in Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR, and
upon payment of the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts as provided in Section
5.09 and payment of all taxes and governmental charges payable in connection with such surrender
and withdrawal of the Deposited Securities, and subject to the terms and conditions of this Global
Deposit Agreement, the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company, the Deposited
Securities and applicable law, the Owner of such Receipt acting for itself or on behalf of the
Beneficial Owner or DTC participant, as the case may be, shall be entitled to delivery, to him or
upon his order, of the amount of Deposited Securities at the time represented by the Global
Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or such beneficial interest in Book-Entry GDSs
evidenced by the Master GDR. Delivery of such Deposited Securities may be made by the delivery of
(x) certificates in the name of such Owner or as ordered by
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him or certificates properly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of
transfer to such Owner or as ordered by him, and (y) any other securities, property and cash to
which such Owner is then entitled in respect of such Receipts to such Owner or as ordered by him.
Such delivery shall be made, as hereinafter provided, without unreasonable delay.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Deposited Securities may be withdrawn upon receipt of
written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any Beneficial Owner or the surrender
of a Receipt, as the case may be, unless at or prior to the time of surrender, the Depositary
shall have received a duly executed and completed written certificate and agreement (Withdrawal
and Transfer Certificate), in substantially the form attached hereto as Annex II, by or on behalf
of the person surrendering such Receipt who after such withdrawal will be the beneficial owner of
such Deposited Securities.
A Receipt surrendered for such purposes may be required by the Depositary to be properly
endorsed in blank or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of transfer in blank, and if
the Depositary so requires, the Owner thereof or the Beneficial Owner of an interest as to which
withdrawal instructions have been given, as the case may be, shall execute and deliver to the
Depositary a written order directing the Depositary to cause the Deposited Securities being
withdrawn to be delivered to or upon the written order of a person or persons designated in such
order. Thereupon the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to deliver at the London office of such
Custodian, subject to Sections 2.06, 3.01 and 3.02 and to the other terms and conditions of this
Global Deposit Agreement, to or upon the written order of the person or persons designated in the
order delivered to the Depositary as above provided, the amount of Deposited Securities represented
by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or such beneficial interest in Book-Entry
GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR, except that the Depositary may make delivery to such person or
persons at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of any dividends or distributions with
respect to the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such
Receipt or such beneficial interest, or of any proceeds of sale of any dividends, distributions or
rights, which may at the time be held by the Depositary.
At the request, risk and expense of any Owner so surrendering a Receipt or any Beneficial
Owner submitting such written instructions for delivery, and for the account of such Owner or
Beneficial Owner, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to forward any cash or other property
(other than rights) comprising, and forward a certificate or certificates and other proper
documents of title for, the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares
evidenced by such Receipt or the beneficial interest in Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master
GDR to the Depositary for delivery at the Corporate Trust Office of
the Depositary. Such
direction shall be given by
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letter or, at the request, risk and expense of such Owner, by air courier, cable, telex or
facsimile transmission.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Owner acknowledges that, and each of the Depositary and
the Custodian agrees that neither the Custodian nor the Depositary will make any actual delivery
of Shares to any Owner at an address within the United States (as defined under Regulation S).
SECTION 2.06. Limitations on Execution and Delivery, Transfer and Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Deposited Securities.
(a) As a condition precedent to the execution and delivery, registration of transfer,
split-up, combination or surrender of any Receipt or withdrawal of any Deposited Securities or the
adjustment of the Depositarys records to reflect the deposit of Shares or any such transfer,
split-up, combination, surrender or withdrawal, the Depositary, Custodian or Registrar may require
payment (or, with respect to any applicable stamp taxes, evidence satisfactory to the Depositary
that any such amounts have been fully paid) from the presenter of the Receipt or the depositor of
Shares of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any tax or other governmental charge and any stock
transfer or registration fee with respect thereto (including any such tax or charge and fee with
respect to the Shares being deposited or withdrawn) and payment of any applicable fees as herein
provided, may require the production of proof satisfactory to it as to the identity and
genuineness of any signature and may also require compliance with any regulations the Depositary
may establish consistent with the provisions of this Global Deposit Agreement, including, without
limitation, this Section 2.06.
(b) The delivery of Receipts against deposits of Shares generally or against deposits of
particular Shares may be suspended, or deposits of Shares may be refused, or the transfer of
Receipts in particular instances may be refused, or the registration of transfer, split-up or
combination of outstanding Receipts, or the surrender of outstanding Receipts or the receipt of
written instructions from any person having a beneficial interest in Book-Entry GDSs represented
by the Master GDR for the purpose of withdrawal of Deposited Securities, may be suspended
generally or in particular instances, during any period when the transfer books of the Depositary
or the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, are closed, or if any such action is
deemed necessary or advisable by the Depositary or the Company at any time or from time to time
because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body or commission, or
under any provision of this Global Deposit Agreement, or for any other reason,
SECTION 2.07. Lost Receipts.
In case any Receipt shall be mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen, the Depositary shall
execute and deliver a new Receipt of like tenor in exchange and substitution for such mutilated
Receipt upon cancellation thereof, or in lieu of and in
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substitution for such destroyed, lost or stolen Receipt. Before the Depositary shall execute
and deliver a new Receipt in substitution for a destroyed, lost or stolen Receipt, the Owner
thereof shall have (a) filed with the Depositary (i) a request for such execution and delivery
before the Depositary has notice that the Receipt has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser
and (ii) a sufficient indemnity bond and (b) satisfied any other reasonable requirements
imposed by the Depositary.
SECTION 2.08. Cancellation and Destruction of Surrendered Receipts.
All Receipts physically surrendered to the Depositary shall be cancelled by the Depositary.
The Depositary is authorized to destroy Receipts so cancelled.
SECTION 2.09. Pre-Release.
Notwithstanding Section 2.03 hereof, the Depositary may execute and deliver Receipts prior to
the receipt of Shares pursuant to Section 2.02 (a Pre-Release). The Depositary may, pursuant to
Section 2.03, deliver Shares upon the receipt and cancellation of Receipts which have been
Pre-Released, whether or not such cancellation is prior to the termination of such Pre-Release or
the Depositary knows that such Receipt has been Pre-Released. The Depositary may receive Receipts
in lieu of Shares in satisfaction of a Pre-Release. Each Pre-Release will be (a) preceded or
accompanied by a written representation from the person to whom Receipts or Shares are to be
delivered, that such person, or its customer, owns the Shares or Receipts to be remitted, as the
case may be, (b) at all times fully collateralized with cash or such other collateral as the
Depositary deems appropriate, (c) terminable by the Depositary on not more than five (5) business
days notice, and (d) subject to such further indemnities and credit regulations as the Depositary
deems appropriate. The number of Global Depositary Shares which are outstanding at any time as a
result of Pre-Release will not normally exceed thirty percent (30%) of the Shares deposited
hereunder; provided, however, that the Depositary reserves the right to change or
disregard such limit from time to time as it deems appropriate.
The Depositary may retain for its own account any compensation received by it in connection
with the foregoing.
The person to whom any Pre-Release is to be made pursuant to this Section 2.09 shall be
required to deliver to the Depositary a duly executed and completed Depositor Certificate in
substantially the form attached hereto as Annex I.
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ARTICLE 3. CERTAIN OBLIGATIONS OF OWNERS OF RECEIPTS.
SECTION 3.01. Filing Proofs, Certificates and Other Information.
Any person presenting Shares for deposit or any Owner or Beneficial Owner of a Receipt may be
required from time to time to file with the Depositary or the Custodian such proof of citizenship
or residence, exchange control approval, proof of the identity of any person legally or
beneficially interested in the Receipt and the nature of such interest, proof of compliance with
all applicable laws and regulations and provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and the
terms of this Global Deposit Agreement or such information relating to the registration on the
books of the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, of the Shares presented for deposit
or other information, to execute such certificates and to make such representations and warranties,
as the Depositary may deem necessary or proper. The Depositary may withhold the delivery or
registration of transfer of any Receipt or the distribution of any dividend or distribution of
rights or of the sale proceeds thereof or the delivery of any Deposited Securities until such
proof or other information is filed or such certificates are executed or such representations and
warranties made.
SECTION 3.02. Liability of Owner for Taxes.
If any tax or other governmental charge shall become payable (including, without limitation,
any applicable stamp taxes) by the Custodian or the Depositary with respect to any Receipt or any
Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by any Receipt, such
tax or other governmental charge shall be payable by the Owner or Beneficial Owner of such Receipt
to the Depositary. The Depositary may refuse to effect registration of transfer of such Receipt
(or any split-up or combination thereof) or any withdrawal of Deposited Securities represented by
the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt until such payment is made, and may
withhold any dividends or other distributions in respect of any Deposited Securities, or may sell
for the account of the Owner or Beneficial Owner thereof any part or all of the Deposited
Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt, and may apply
such dividends or other distributions or the proceeds of any such sale in payment of such tax or
other governmental charge and the Owner or Beneficial Owner of such Receipt shall remain liable
for any deficiency.
SECTION 3.03. Warranties on Deposit or Withdrawal of Shares.
Every person depositing Shares under this Global Deposit Agreement shall be deemed thereby
to represent and warrant, in addition to such representations and warranties as may be required
pursuant to Section 2.02, that such Shares and each certificate therefor are validly issued,
fully paid, nonassessable and free of any preemptive rights of the holders of outstanding Shares
and that the person making such deposit is
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duly authorized to do so. Such representations and warranties shall survive the deposit of such
Shares and the issuance of Receipts.
Each purchaser of Receipts or Global Depositary Shares or a beneficial interest therein in
connection with the Initial Deposit will be deemed to acknowledge, represent and warrant and
agree to the same effect as acknowledgment, certification and agreement set out in paragraphs
2, 3 and 4 of Annex I. Each person depositing or withdrawing Shares will be deemed to
acknowledge, represent and warrant to the same effect as the acknowledgment and certifications
set out in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of Annex I or Annex II, as the case may be. Each such
purchaser and each such person depositing or withdrawing Shares will be deemed to represent
that it understands that the Receipts and the underlying Shares, unless otherwise agreed by the
Company and Depositary, will bear one or more legends substantially to the effect set out in
Sections 2.01 (a) and 2.01 (b). Such acknowledgments, representations, warranties and
agreements shall survive any such purchase, deposit or withdrawal.
ARTICLE 4. THE DEPOSITED SECURITIES.
SECTION 4.01. Cash Distributions.
Whenever the Depositary shall receive any cash dividend or other cash distribution on any
Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall, if such cash is received in Foreign Currency,
subject to the provisions of Section 4.05, convert such dividend or distribution into Dollars
and shall distribute the amount thus received (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as
provided in Section 5.09) to the Owners entitled thereto, in proportion to the number of Global
Depositary Shares representing such Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts held by them
respectively; provided, however, that in the event that the Company or the Depositary
shall be required to withhold and does withhold from such cash dividend or such other cash
distribution an amount on account of taxes or other governmental charges, the amount distributed
to the Owner of the Receipts evidencing Global Depositary Shares representing such Deposited
Securities shall be reduced accordingly. The Depositary shall distribute only such amount,
however, as can be distributed without attributing to any Owner a fraction of one cent. Any such
fractional amounts shall be rounded to the nearest whole cent and so distributed to Owners
entitled thereto. The Company or its agent will remit to the appropriate governmental agency in
England all amounts withheld and owing to such agency. The Depositary will forward to the
Company or its agent such information from its records as the Company may reasonably request to
enable the Company or its agent to file necessary reports with governmental agencies, and the
Depositary or the Company or its agent may file any such reports necessary to obtain benefits
under the applicable tax treaties for the Owners of Receipts.
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SECTION 4.02. Distributions Other than Cash, Shares or Rights.
Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.11 and 5.09, whenever the Depositary shall
receive any distribution other than a distribution described in Section 4.01, 4.03 or 4.04,
the Depositary shall cause the securities or property received by it to be distributed to the
Owners entitled thereto, after the deduction or upon payment of any fees and expenses of the
Depositary or any taxes or other governmental charges, in proportion to the number of Global
Depositary Shares representing such Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts held by them
respectively, in any manner that the Depositary may deem equitable and practicable for
accomplishing such distribution; provided, however, that if in the opinion of the
Depositary such distribution cannot be made proportionately among the Owners entitled thereto,
or if for any other reason (including, but not limited to, any requirement that the Company or
the Depositary withhold an amount on account of taxes or other governmental charges or that such securities
must be registered under the Securities Act in order to be distributed to Owners or Beneficial
Owners) the Depositary deems such distribution not to be feasible, the Depositary may adopt
such method as it may deem equitable and practicable for the purpose of effecting such distribution, including, but not limited to, the public or private
sale of the securities or property thus received, or any part thereof, and the net proceeds of
any such sale (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09)
shall be distributed by the Depositary to the Owners entitled thereto, all in the manner and
subject to the conditions described in Section 4.01. Each beneficial owner of Receipts or
Shares so distributed shall be deemed to have acknowledged that the Shares have not
been registered under the Securities Act and to have agreed to comply with the
restrictions on transfer described in the form of legend set forth in Section 2.01 hereof.
SECTION 4.03. Distributions in Shares.
If any distribution upon any Deposited Securities consists of a dividend in, or free
distribution of, Shares, the Depositary may either (i) if Book-Entry GDSs are available,
reflect on the records of the Depositary such increase in the aggregate number of GDSs
representing Shares evidenced by the Master GDR and give notice to DTC of the related increase
in the number of GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR or (ii) if Book-Entry GDSs are not available,
distribute to the Owners of outstanding Receipts entitled thereto, in proportion to the number
of Global Depositary Shares representing such Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts held
by them respectively, additional Receipts evidencing an aggregate number of Global Depositary
Shares representing the amount of Shares received as such dividend or free distribution,
subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement with respect to the deposit
of Shares and the issuance of Global Depositary Shares evidenced by Receipts, including the
withholding of any tax or other governmental charge as provided in Section 4.11 and the payment
of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09. The Depositary may
withhold any such distribution of Receipts if it has not received satisfactory assurances
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from the Company that such distribution does not require registration under the Securities Act or
is exempt from registration under the provisions of such Act. In lieu of delivering Receipts for
fractional Global Depositary Shares in any such case, the Depositary shall sell the amount of
Shares represented by the aggregate of such fractions and distribute the net proceeds, all in the
manner and subject to the conditions described in Section 4.01. If such adjustments on the records
of the Depositary are not so made or additional Receipts are not so distributed, each Global
Depositary Share shall thenceforth also represent the additional Shares distributed upon the
Deposited Securities represented thereby. Each Beneficial Owner of Receipts or Shares so
distributed shall be deemed to have acknowledged that the Shares have not been registered under
the Securities Act and to have agreed to comply with the restrictions on transfer described in the
form of legend set forth in Section 2.01 hereof.
SECTION 4.04. Rights.
In the event that the Company shall offer or cause to be offered to the holders of any
Deposited Securities any rights to subscribe for additional Shares or any rights of any other
nature, the Depositary shall have discretion as to the procedure to be followed in making such
rights available to any Owners or in disposing of such rights on behalf of any Owners and making
the net proceeds available to such Owners or, if by the terms of such rights offering or for any
other reason, the Depositary may not either make such rights available to any Owners or dispose of
such rights and make the net proceeds available to such Owners, then the Depositary shall allow the
rights to lapse. If at the time of the offering of any rights the Depositary determines in its
discretion that it is lawful and feasible to make such rights available to all or certain Owners
but not to other Owners, the Depositary may distribute to any Owner to whom it determines the
distribution to be lawful and feasible, in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares
held by such Owner, warrants or other instruments therefor in such form as it deems appropriate.
In circumstances in which rights would otherwise not be distributed, if an Owner of Receipts
requests the distribution of warrants or other instruments in order to exercise the rights
allocable to the Global Depositary Shares of such Owner hereunder the Depositary will make such
rights available to such Owner upon written notice from the Company to the Depositary that (a) the
Company has elected in its sole discretion to permit such rights to be exercised and (b) such Owner
has executed such documents as the Company has determined in its sole discretion are reasonably
required under applicable law.
If the Depositary has distributed warrants or other instruments for rights to all or certain
Owners, then upon instruction from such an Owner pursuant to such warrants or other instruments to
the Depositary from such an Owner to exercise such rights, upon payment by such Owner to the
Depositary for the account of such Owner of
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an amount equal to the purchase price of the Shares to be received upon the exercise of the
rights, and upon payment of the fees and expenses of the Depositary and any other charges as set
forth in such warrants or other instruments, the Depositary shall, on behalf of such Owner,
exercise the rights and purchase the Shares, and the Company shall cause the Shares so purchased
to be delivered to the Depositary on behalf of such Owner. As agent for such Owner, the Depositary
will cause the Shares so purchased to be deposited pursuant to Section 2.02 of this Global Deposit
Agreement, and shall, pursuant to Section 2.03 of this Global Deposit Agreement, execute and
deliver Receipts to such Owner. In the case of a distribution pursuant to the second paragraph of
this section, such Receipts shall be legended in the manner provided in Section 2.01 and in
accordance with applicable U.S. laws, and shall be subject to the appropriate restrictions on
sale, deposit, cancellation, and transfer under such laws.
If the Depositary determines in its discretion that it is not lawful and feasible to make
such rights available to all or certain Owners, it may sell the rights, warrants or other
instruments in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares held by the Owners to whom it
has determined it may not lawfully or feasibly make such rights available, and allocate the net
proceeds of such sales (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09
and all taxes and governmental charges payable in connection with such rights and subject to the
terms and conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement) for the account of such Owners otherwise
entitled to such rights, warrants or other instruments, upon an averaged or other practical basis
without regard to any distinctions among such Owners because of exchange restrictions or the date
of delivery of any Receipt or otherwise.
The Depositary will not offer rights to Owners unless both the rights and the securities to
which such rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with
respect to a distribution to all Owners or are registered under the provisions of such Act;
provided, that nothing in this Global Deposit Agreement shall create any obligation on
the part of the Company to file a registration statement with respect to such rights or
underlying securities or to endeavor to have such a registration statement declared effective. If
an Owner of Receipts requests the distribution of warrants or other instruments, notwithstanding
that there has been no such registration under such Act, the Depositary shall not effect such
distribution unless it has received an opinion from recognized counsel in the United States for
the Company upon which the Depositary may rely that such distribution to such Owner is exempt
from such registration.
The Depositary shall not be responsible for any failure to determine that it may be lawful
or feasible to make such rights available to Owners in general or any Owner in particular.
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SECTION 4.05. Conversion of Foreign Currency.
Whenever the Depositary shall receive Foreign Currency, by way of
dividends or other distributions or the net proceeds from the sale of securities, property or
rights, and if at the time of the receipt thereof the Foreign Currency so received can in the
judgment of the Depositary be converted on a reasonable basis into Dollars and the
resulting Dollars transferred to the United States, the Depositary shall convert or cause to
be converted, by sale or in any other manner that it may determine, such Foreign
Currency into Dollars, and such Dollars shall be distributed to the Owners entitled thereto
or, if the Depositary shall have distributed any warrants or other instruments which entitle
the holders thereof to such Dollars, then to the holders of such warrants and/or
instruments, as applicable, upon surrender thereof for cancellation in whole or in part
depending upon the terms of such warrants or other instruments. Such distribution may
be made upon an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions
among Owners on account of exchange restrictions, the date of delivery of any Receipt or
otherwise and shall be net of any expenses of conversion into Dollars incurred by the
Depositary as provided in Section 5.09.
If such conversion or distribution can be effected only with the approval or
license of any government or agency thereof, the Depositary shall file such application for
approval or license, if any, as it may deem desirable.
If at any time the Depositary shall determine in its judgment that any
Foreign Currency received by the Depositary is not convertible on a reasonable basis into
Dollars transferable to the United States, or if any approval or license of any government
or agency thereof which is required for such conversion is denied or in the opinion of the
Depositary is not obtainable, or if any such approval or license is not obtained within a
reasonable period as determined by the Depositary, the Depositary may distribute the
Foreign Currency (or an appropriate document evidencing the right to receive such Foreign
Currency) received by the Depositary to, or in its discretion may hold such Foreign Currency
uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for the respective accounts of, the
Owners entitled to receive the same.
If any such conversion of Foreign Currency, in whole or in part, cannot be effected for
distribution to some of the Owners entitled thereto, the Depositary may in its discretion make
such conversion and distribution in Dollars to the extent permissible to the Owners entitled
thereto and may distribute the balance of the Foreign Currency received by the Depositary to,
or hold such balance uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for the respective
accounts of, the Owners entitled thereto.
SECTION 4.06. Fixing of Record Date.
Whenever any cash dividend or other cash distribution shall become payable or any
distribution other than cash shall be made, or whenever rights shall be
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issued with respect to the Deposited Securities, or whenever the Depositary shall receive
notice of any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or whenever for
any reason the Depositary causes a change in the number of Shares that are represented by
each Global Depositary Share, or whenever the Depositary shall find it necessary or
convenient, the Depositary shall fix a record date which shall be the same date as the
record date, if any, applicable to the Deposited Securities, or as close thereto as
practicable (a) for the determination of the Owners who shall be (i) entitled to receive
such dividend, distribution or rights or the net proceeds of the sale thereof or (ii) entitled
to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at any such meeting, or (b) on or after
which each Global Depositary Share will represent the changed number of Shares.
Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.01 through 4.05 and to the other terms and
conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, the Owners on such record date shall be
entitled, as the case may be, to receive the amount distributable by the Depositary with
respect to such dividend or other distribution or such rights or the net proceeds of sale
thereof in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares evidenced by Receipts
held by them respectively and to give voting instructions, to exercise the rights of Owners
hereunder with respect to such changed number of Shares and to act in respect of any
other such matter.
SECTION 4.07. Voting of Deposited Securities.
Upon receipt of notice of any meeting of holders of Shares or other
Deposited Securities, if requested in writing by the Company, the Depositary shall, as
soon as practicable thereafter, mail to the Owners a notice, the form of which notice shall
be in the sole discretion of the Depositary, which shall contain (a) such information as is
contained in such notice of meeting received by the Depositary from the Company, (b) a
statement that the Owners as of the close of business on a specified record date will be
entitled, subject to any applicable provision of English law and of the Memorandum and
Articles of Association of the Company, to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of
the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the amount of Shares or other Deposited Securities
represented by their respective Global Depositary Shares and (c) a statement as to the
manner in which such instructions may be given , including an express indication that
such instructions may be given or deemed given in accordance with the last sentence of
this paragraph if no instruction is received, to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy
to a person designated to the Company. Upon the written request of an Owner on such
record date, received on or before the date established by the Depositary for such purpose,
the Depositary shall endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote or cause to be voted the
amount of Shares or other Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary
Shares evidenced by such Receipt in accordance with the instructions set forth in such
request. The Depositary shall not vote or attempt to exercise the right to vote that
attaches to the Shares or other Deposited Securities, other than in accordance with such
instructions or deemed instructions. If no instructions are received by the Depositary
from any Owner with respect to any of the Deposited Securities represented by the Global
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Depositary Shares evidenced by such Owners Receipts on or before the date established by the
Depositary for such purpose, the Depositary shall deem such Owner to have instructed the Depositary
to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company with respect to such Deposited
Securities and the Depositary shall give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the
Company to vote such Deposited Securities, provided, that no such instruction shall be
deemed given and no such discretionary proxy shall be given with respect to any matter as to which
the Company informs the Depositary (and the Company agrees to provide such information as promptly
as practicable in writing) that (x) the Company does not wish such proxy given, (y) substantial
opposition exists or (z) such matter materially and adversely affects the rights of holders of
Shares.
SECTION 4.08. Changes Affecting Deposited Securities.
In circumstances where the provisions of Section 4.03 do not apply, upon any change in
nominal value, change in par value, split-up, consolidation or any other reclassification of
Deposited Securities, or upon any recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation or
sale of assets affecting the Company or to which it is a party, any securities which shall be
received by the Depositary or a Custodian in exchange for or in conversion of or in respect of
Deposited Securities, shall be treated as new Deposited Securities under this Global Deposit
Agreement, and Global Depositary Shares shall thenceforth represent, in addition to the existing
Deposited Securities, the right to receive the new Deposited Securities so received in exchange or
conversion, unless additional Receipts are delivered pursuant to the following sentence. In any
such case the Depositary may (a) if Book-Entry GDSs are available, make appropriate entry in its
records, or (b) if Book-Entry GDSs are not available, either (i) execute and deliver additional
Receipts as in the case of a dividend in Shares or (ii) call for the surrender of outstanding
Receipts to be exchanged for new Receipts specifically describing such new Deposited Securities.
SECTION 4.09. Reports.
The Depositary shall make available for inspection by Owners at its Corporate Trust Office
any reports and communications, including any proxy soliciting material, received from the
Company which are both (a) received by the Depositary as the holder of the Deposited Securities
and (b) made generally available to the holders of such Deposited Securities by the Company. The
Depositary shall also send to the Owners copies of such reports when furnished by the Company
pursuant to Section 5.06.
SECTION 4.10. Lists of Owners.
Upon request by the Company, the Depositary shall, at the expense of the Company, furnish to
it a list, as of a recent date, of the names, addresses and holdings of
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Global Depositary Shares by all persons in whose names Receipts are registered on the books of the
Depositary.
SECTION 4.11. Withholding.
In the event that the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including
Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) is subject to any tax or other governmental charge which
the Depositary is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may by public or private sale dispose of
all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such
amounts and in such manner as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay such taxes or
charges and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale after deduction of
such taxes or charges to the Owners entitled thereto in proportion to the number of Global
Depositary Shares held by them respectively.
ARTICLE 5. THE DEPOSITARY, THE CUSTODIANS AND THE COMPANY.
SECTION 5.01. Maintenance of Office and Transfer Books by the Depositary.
Until termination of this Global Deposit Agreement in accordance with its
terms, the Depositary shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, facilities
for the execution and delivery, registration, registration of transfers and surrender of Receipts
in accordance with the provisions of this Global Deposit Agreement.
The Depositary shall keep books at its Corporate Trust Office for the
registration of Receipts and transfers of Receipts which at all reasonable times shall be open for
inspection by the Owners, provided that such inspection shall not be for the purpose of
communicating with Owners in the interest of a business or object other than the business of the
Company or a matter related to this Global Deposit Agreement or the Receipts.
The Depositary may close the transfer books, at any time or from time to
time, when deemed expedient by it in connection with the performance of its duties hereunder.
If any Receipts or the Global Depositary Shares evidenced thereby are
listed on one or more stock exchanges in the United States, the Depositary shall act as Registrar
or appoint a Registrar or one or more co-registrars for registry of such Receipts in accordance
with any requirements of such exchange or exchanges.
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SECTION 5.02. Prevention or Delay in Performance by the Depositary or the Company.
Neither the Depositary nor the Company nor any of their respective directors, employees,
agents or affiliates shall incur any liability to any Owner or Beneficial Owner of any Receipt, if
by reason of any provision of any present or future law, regulation, order, decree, moratorium or
fiat of the United States or any other country, or of any governmental or regulatory authority or
stock exchange, or by reason of any provision, present or future, of the Memorandum and Articles of
Association of the Company, or by reason of any provision of any securities issued or distributed
by the Company, or any offering or distribution thereof, or by reason of any act of God or war or
other circumstances beyond its control, the Depositary or the Company or any of their directors,
employees, agents or affiliates shall be prevented, delayed or forbidden from, or be subject to any
civil or criminal penalty on account of, doing or performing any act or thing which by the terms of
this Global Deposit Agreement or Deposited Securities it is provided shall be done or performed;
nor shall the Depositary nor the Company nor any of their respective directors, employees, agents
or affiliates incur any liability to any Owner or Beneficial Owner of any Receipt by reason of
any nonperformance or delay, caused as aforesaid, in the performance of any act or thing which by
the terms of this Global Deposit Agreement it is provided shall or may be done or performed, or by
reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in this Global
Deposit Agreement. Where, by the terms of a distribution pursuant to Section 4.01, 4.02, or 4.03 of
this Global Deposit Agreement, or an offering or distribution pursuant to Section 4.04 of this
Global Deposit Agreement, or for any other reason, such distribution or offering may not be made
available to Owners, and the Depositary may not dispose of such distribution or offering on behalf
of such Owners and make the net proceeds available to such Owners, then the Depositary shall not
make such distribution or offering, and shall allow any rights, if applicable, to lapse.
SECTION 5.03. Obligations of the Depositary, the Custodian and the Company.
The Company assumes no obligation nor shall it be subject to any liability under this Global
Deposit Agreement to Owners or Beneficial Owners, except that it agrees to perform its
obligations specifically set forth in this Global Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad
faith.
The Depositary assumes no obligation nor shall it be subject to any liability under this
Global Deposit Agreement to any Owner or Beneficial Owner (including, without limitation,
liability with respect to the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities), except that it
agrees to perform its obligations specifically set forth in this Global Deposit Agreement without
negligence or bad faith.
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Neither the Depositary nor the Company shall be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or
defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities or in respect of
the Receipts, which in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless indemnity
satisfactory to it in its sole discretion against all expense and liability shall be furnished as
often as may be required, and the Custodian shall not be under any obligation whatsoever with
respect to such proceedings, the responsibility of the Custodian being solely to the Depositary.
Neither the Depositary nor the Company shall be liable for any action or nonaction by it in
reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting
Shares for deposit, any Owner, or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent
to give such advice or information including, but not limited to, any such action or nonaction
based upon any written notice, request, direction or other document believed by it to be genuine
and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
The Depositary shall not be liable nor any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary
whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the Depositary or in connection with any
matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the Depositary, provided that in
connection with the issue out of which such potential liability arises the Depositary performed
its obligations without negligence or bad faith while it acted as Depositary.
The Depositary shall not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to
vote any of the Deposited Securities, or for the manner in which any such vote is cast or the
effect of any such vote, provided that any such action or nonaction is in good faith.
No disclaimer of liability under the Securities Act is intended by any provision of this
Global Deposit Agreement.
SECTION
5.04. Resignation and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor
Depositary.
The Depositary may at any time resign as Depositary hereunder by written notice of its
election to do so delivered to the Company, such resignation to take effect upon the appointment
of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as hereinafter provided.
The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by written notice of such removal
effective upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment
as hereinafter provided.
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In case at any time the Depositary acting hereunder shall resign or be removed, the Company shall
use its best efforts to appoint a successor depositary, which shall be a bank or trust company
having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. Every successor depositary
shall execute and deliver to its predecessor and to the Company an instrument in writing accepting
its appointment hereunder, and thereupon such successor depositary, without any further act or
deed, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its
predecessor; but such predecessor, nevertheless, upon payment of all sums due it and on the
written request of the Company shall execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such
successor all rights and powers of such predecessor hereunder, shall duly assign, transfer and
deliver all right, title and interest in the Deposited Securities to such successor, and shall
deliver to such successor a list of the Owners of all outstanding Receipts. Any such successor
depositary shall promptly mail notice of its appointment to the Owners.
Any corporation into or with which the Depositary may be merged or consolidated shall be the
successor of the Depositary without the execution or filing of any document or any further act.
SECTION 5.05. The Custodians.
The Depositary may appoint from time to time one or more agents to act for it as Custodian
hereunder. Any such Custodian shall be subject at all times and in all respects to the directions
of the Depositary and shall be responsible solely to it. Any Custodian may resign and be
discharged from its duties hereunder by notice of such resignation delivered to the Depositary at
least 30 days prior to the date on which such resignation is to become effective. If upon such
resignation there shall be no Custodian acting hereunder, the Depositary shall, promptly after
receiving such notice, appoint a substitute custodian or custodians, each of which shall
thereafter be a Custodian hereunder. Whenever the Depositary in its discretion determines that it
is in the best interest of the Owners to do so, it may appoint a substitute or additional
custodian or custodians, each of which shall thereafter be one of the Custodians hereunder. Upon
demand of the Depositary any Custodian shall deliver such of the Deposited Securities held by it
as are requested of it to any other Custodian or such substitute or additional custodian or
custodians. Each such substitute or additional custodian shall deliver to the Depositary,
forthwith upon its appointment, an acceptance of such appointment satisfactory in form and
substance to the Depositary.
Upon the appointment of any successor depositary hereunder, each Custodian then acting
hereunder shall forthwith become, without any further act or writing, the agent hereunder of such
successor depositary and the appointment of such successor depositary shall in no way impair the
authority of each Custodian hereunder; but the successor depositary so appointed shall,
nevertheless, on the written request of any Custodian, execute and deliver to such Custodian all
such instruments as may be
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proper to give to such Custodian full and complete power and authority as agent hereunder of such
successor depositary.
SECTION 5.06. Notices and Reports.
On or before the first date on which the Company gives notice, by publication or otherwise,
of any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or of any adjourned meeting of
such holders, or of the taking of any action in respect of any cash or other distributions or the
offering of any rights in respect of Deposited Securities, the Company agrees to transmit to the
Depositary and the Custodian a copy of the notice thereof in the form given or to be given to
holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities.
The Company will arrange for the translation into English and the prompt transmittal by the
Company to the Depositary and the Custodian of such notices and any other reports and
communications which are made generally available by the Company to
holders of its Shares. If requested in writing by the Company, the Depositary will arrange for the mailing, at the Companys
expense, of copies of such notices, reports and communications to all Owners. The Company will
timely provide the Depositary with the quantity of such notices, reports, and communications, as
requested by the Depositary from time to time, in order for the Depositary to effect such
mailings.
SECTION 5.07. Issuance and Distribution of Additional Shares, Rights, etc.
The Company agrees that in the event of any issuance or distribution of (1) additional
Shares, (2) rights to subscribe for Shares, (3) securities convertible into or exchangeable for
Shares, or (4) rights to subscribe for any such securities (each a Distribution), the Company
will promptly furnish to the Depositary a written opinion from United States counsel for the
Company, which counsel shall be satisfactory to the Depositary, stating whether or not the
Distribution requires a registration statement under the Securities Act to be in effect prior to
making such Distribution available to Owners entitled thereto. If in the opinion of such counsel a
registration statement is required, such counsel shall furnish to the Depositary a written opinion
as to whether or not there is a registration statement in effect which will cover such
Distribution.
The Company agrees with the Depositary that neither the Company nor any company controlled
by, controlling or under common control with the Company will at any time deposit any Shares,
either originally issued or previously issued and reacquired by the Company or any such
affiliate, unless a registration statement is in effect as to such Shares under the Securities
Act.
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SECTION 5.08. Indemnification.
The Company agrees to indemnify the Depositary, its directors, employees, agents and
affiliates and any Custodian against, and hold each of them harmless from, any liability or
expense (including, but not limited to, the fees and expenses of counsel) which may arise out of
acts performed or omitted, in accordance with the provisions of this Global Deposit Agreement and
of the Receipts, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, (i) by
either the Depositary or any Custodian or their respective directors, employees, agents and
affiliates, except for any liability or expense arising out of the negligence or bad faith of
either of them, or (ii) by the Company or any of its directors,
employees, agents and affiliates.
The Depositary agrees to indemnify the Company, its directors, employees, agents and
affiliates and hold them harmless from any liability or expense which may arise out of acts
performed or omitted by the Depositary or its Custodian or their respective directors, employees,
agents and affiliates due to their negligence or bad faith.
SECTION 5.09. Charges of Depositary.
The Company agrees to pay the fees, reasonable expenses and out-of-pocket charges of the
Depositary and those of any Registrar only in accordance with agreements in writing entered into
between the Depositary and the Company from time to time. The Depositary shall present its
statement for such charges and expenses to the Company once every three months. The charges and
expenses of the Custodian are for the sole account of the Depositary.
The following charges shall be incurred by any party depositing or withdrawing Shares or by
any party surrendering Receipts or to whom Receipts are issued (including, without limitation,
issuance pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the Company or an exchange of
stock regarding the Receipts or Deposited Securities or a distribution of Receipts pursuant to
Section 4.03), whichever applicable: (1) taxes and other governmental charges, (2) such
registration fees as may from time to time be in effect for the registration of transfers of
Shares generally on the Share register of the Company or Foreign Registrar (or any other appointed
agent of the Company for transfer and registration of the Shares) and applicable to transfers of
Shares to the name of the Depositary or its nominee or the Custodian or its nominee on the making
of deposits or withdrawals hereunder, (3) such cable, telex and facsimile transmission expenses as
are expressly provided for in this Global Deposit Agreement, (4) such expenses as are incurred by
the Depositary in the conversion of Foreign Currency pursuant to Section 4.05, (5) a fee of $5.00
or less per 100 Global Depositary Shares (or portion thereof) for the execution and delivery of
Receipts pursuant to Section 2.03, 4.03
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or 4.04 and the surrender of Receipts pursuant to Section 2.05 or 6.02, (6) a fee of $.02 or less
per Global Depositary Share (or portion thereof) for any cash distribution made pursuant to the
Global Deposit Agreement, including, but not limited to Sections 4.01 through 4.04 hereof, (7) a
fee for the distribution of securities pursuant to Section 4.02, such fee being in an amount equal
to the fee for the execution and delivery of Global Depositary Shares referred to above which would
have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities (for purposes of this clause 7
treating all such securities as if they were Shares) but which securities are instead distributed
by the Depositary to Owners and (8) a fee not in excess of $1.50 per certificate for a Receipt or
Receipts for transfers made pursuant to the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement.
The Depositary, subject to Section 2.09 hereof, may own and deal in any class of securities
of the Company and its affiliates and in Receipts.
SECTION 5.10. Retention of Depositary Documents.
The Depositary is authorized to destroy those documents, records, bills and other data
compiled during the term of this Global Deposit Agreement at the times permitted by the laws or
regulations governing the Depositary, unless the Company requests that such papers be retained for
a longer period or turned over to the Company or to a successor depositary.
SECTION 5.11. Exclusivity.
The Company agrees not to appoint any other depositary for issuance of Global Depositary
Receipts so long as The Bank of New York is acting as Depositary hereunder.
SECTION 5.12. Available Information.
[The Company hereby authorizes the Depositary to deliver such information as furnished by the
Company to the Depositary during any period in which the Company informs the Depositary it is
subject to the information delivery requirements of Rule 144A(d)(4) to any such Owner, Beneficial
Owner, holder of Shares or prospective purchaser at the request of such person. The Company agrees
to reimburse the Depositary for its reasonable expenses in connection with such deliveries and to
provide the Depositary with such information in such quantities as
the Depositary may from time to
time reasonably request.]
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ARTICLE 6. AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION.
SECTION 6.01. Amendment.
The form of the Receipts and any provisions of this Global Deposit
Agreement may at any time and from time to time be amended by agreement between the
Company and the Depositary without the consent of Owners or Beneficial Owners of
Receipts in any respect which they may deem necessary or desirable. Any amendment
which shall impose or increase any fees or charges (other than the fees of the Depositary
for the execution and delivery or the cancellation of Receipts and taxes, including,
without limitation, stamp taxes and other governmental charges), or which shall
otherwise prejudice any substantial existing right of Owners, shall, however, not become
effective as to outstanding Receipts until the expiration of thirty days after notice of such
amendment shall have been given to the Owners of outstanding Receipts. Every Owner
and Beneficial Owner, at the time any amendment so becomes effective, shall be deemed,
by continuing to hold such Receipt, to consent and agree to such amendment and to be
bound by the Global Deposit Agreement as amended thereby. In no event shall any
amendment impair the right of the Owner of any Receipt to surrender such Receipt and
receive therefor the Deposited Securities represented thereby, except in order to comply
with mandatory provisions of applicable law.
SECTION 6.02. Termination.
The Depositary shall, at any time at the direction of the Company, terminate this Global
Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Owners of all Receipts then
outstanding at least 90 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination. The
Depositary may likewise terminate this Global Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such
termination to the Company and the Owners of all Receipts then outstanding, if at any time 90
days shall have expired after the Depositary shall have delivered to the Company a written
notice of its election to resign and a successor depositary shall not have been appointed and
accepted its appointment as provided in Section 5.04. On and after the date of termination, the
Owner of a Receipt will, upon (a)(i) receipt by the Depositary at its Corporate Trust Office of
written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any Beneficial Owner, if the
book-entry settlement system of DTC is then available for the Book-Entry GDSs, or (ii)
surrender of such Receipt at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, (b) payment of the
fee of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts referred to in Section 2.05, and (c)
payment of any applicable taxes or governmental charges, be entitled to delivery, to him or
upon his order, of the amount of Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary
Shares evidenced by such Receipt. If any Receipts shall remain outstanding after the date of
termination, the Depositary thereafter shall discontinue the registration of transfers of
Receipts, shall suspend the distribution of dividends and other distributions to the Owners
thereof, and shall not give any further notices or perform any further acts
-32-
under this Global Deposit Agreement, except that the Depositary shall continue to collect dividends
and other distributions pertaining to Deposited Securities, shall sell rights and other property as
provided in this Global Deposit Agreement, and shall continue to deliver Deposited Securities,
together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect thereto and the net
proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for Receipts surrendered to the
Depositary (after deducting, in each case, the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of a
Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Owner of such Receipt in accordance with the terms and
conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, and any applicable taxes or governmental charges). At
any time after the expiration of one year from the date of termination, the Depositary may sell the
Deposited Securities then held hereunder and may thereafter hold uninvested the net proceeds of any
such sale, together with any other cash then held by it hereunder, unsegregated and without
liability for interest, for the pro rata benefit of the Owners of Receipts which have not
theretofore been surrendered, such Owners thereupon becoming general creditors of the Depositary
with respect to such net proceeds. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from
all obligations under this Global Deposit Agreement, except to account for such net proceeds and
other cash (after deducting, in each case, the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of a
Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Owner of such Receipt in accordance with the terms and
conditions of this Global Deposit Agreement, and any applicable taxes or governmental charges).
Upon the termination of this Global Deposit Agreement, the Company shall be discharged from all
obligations under this Global Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the Depositary under
Sections 5.08 and 5.09 hereof.
ARTICLE 7. MISCELLANEOUS.
SECTION 7.01. Counterparts.
This Global Deposit Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which
shall be deemed an original and all of such counterparts shall constitute one and the same
instrument. Copies of this Global Deposit Agreement shall be filed with the Depositary and the
Custodians and shall be open to inspection by any Owner or Beneficial Owner of a Receipt during
business hours.
SECTION 7.02. No Third Party Beneficiaries.
This Global Deposit Agreement is for the exclusive benefit of the parties hereto and shall
not be deemed to give any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim whatsoever to any other
person.
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SECTION 7.03. Severability.
In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Global Deposit Agreement or in
the Receipts should be or become invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity,
legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein or therein shall in no
way be affected, prejudiced or disturbed thereby.
SECTION
7.04. Owners and Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect.
The Owners and Beneficial Owners of Receipts from time to time shall be parties to this
Global Deposit Agreement and shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions hereof and of the
Receipts by acceptance thereof.
SECTION 7.05. Notices.
Any and all notices to be given to the Company shall be deemed to have been duly given if
personally delivered or sent by mail or cable, telex or facsimile transmission confirmed by
letter, addressed to MatchNet PLC, Durrant House, 2nd Floor, 8-13 Chiswell Street, London EC1Y
4UP, England or any other place to which the Company may have transferred its principal office.
Any and all notices to be given to the Depositary shall be deemed to have been duly given if
in English and personally delivered or sent by mail or cable, telex or facsimile transmission
confirmed by letter, addressed to The Bank of New York, 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York
10286, Attention: Global Depositary Receipt Administration, or any other place to which the
Depositary may have transferred its Corporate Trust Office.
Any and all notices to be given to any Owner shall be deemed to have been duly given if
personally delivered or sent by mail or cable, telex or facsimile transmission confirmed by
letter, addressed to such Owner at the address of such Owner as it appears on the transfer books
for Receipts of the Depositary, or, if such Owner shall have filed with the Depositary a written
request that notices intended for such Owner be mailed to some other address, at the address
designated in such request.
Delivery of a notice sent by mail or cable, telex or facsimile transmission shall be deemed
to be effective at the time when a duly addressed letter containing the same (or a confirmation
thereof in the case of a cable, telex or facsimile transmission) is deposited, postage prepaid,
in a post office letter box. The Depositary or the Company may, however, act upon any cable,
telex or facsimile transmission received by it, notwithstanding that such cable, telex or
facsimile transmission shall not subsequently be confirmed by letter as aforesaid.
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SECTION 7.06. Governing Law.
This Global Deposit Agreement and the Receipts shall be interpreted and all rights hereunder
and thereunder and provisions hereof and thereof shall be governed by the laws of the State of New
York.
SECTION 7.07. Article; Section.
Wherever references are made in this Global Deposit Agreement to an Article or Articles
or to a Section or Sections, such references shall mean an article or articles or a section or
sections of this Global Deposit Agreement, unless otherwise required by the context.
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IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, MATCHNET PLC and THE BANK OF NEW
YORK have duly executed this Global Deposit Agreement as of the day and year first set forth above
and all Owners and Beneficial Owners shall become parties hereto upon acceptance by them of
Receipts issued in accordance with the terms hereof.
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MATCHNET PLC
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/s/ Joe Shapira
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JOE SHAPIRA |
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Title : CEO |
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THE BANK OF NFW YORK.
as Depositary
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/s/ David Stueber
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David Stueber |
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Vice President |
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Annex I
Certification and Agreement of Certain Acquirors of Receipts
Upon Deposit of Shares Pursuant to Section 2.02 of the
Global Deposit Agreement
We refer to the Global Deposit Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2000 (the Global Deposit
Agreement), among MATCHNET PLC (the Company), THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Depositary, and Owners
and Beneficial Owners of Global Depositary Receipts (the Receipts) issued thereunder. Capitalized
terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Global Deposit
Agreement.
1. This certification and agreement is furnished in connection with
the deposit of Shares and issuance of Global Depositary Shares to be evidenced by one or
more Receipts pursuant to Section 2.02 of the Global Deposit Agreement.
2. We acknowledge (or if we are a broker-dealer, our customer has
confirmed to us that it acknowledges) that the Receipts, the Global Depositary Shares
evidenced thereby and the Shares represented thereby have not been and will not be
registered under the Securities Act (the Act).
3. We certify that either:
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We are, or at the time the Shares are deposited and at the time the Receipts
are issued will be, the beneficial owner of the Shares and of the Global
Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or Receipts, and (i) either (x)
we are an accredited investor (as defined in Regulation D) or (y) we are
not a U.S. person (as defined in Regulation S) and we are located outside
the United States (within the meaning of Regulation S under the Act) and
acquired, or have agreed to acquire and will have acquired, the Shares to
be deposited outside the United States (within the meaning of Regulation
S), and (ii) we are not in the business of buying and selling securities or, if
we are in such business, we did not acquire the securities to be deposited
from the Company or any affiliate thereof in the initial distribution of
Global Depositary Shares and Shares. |
OR
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We are a broker-dealer acting on behalf of our customer; our customer has
confirmed to us that it is, or at the time the Shares are deposited and at the
time the Receipt or Receipts are issued will be, the beneficial owner of the |
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Shares and of the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or Receipts, and (i) either
(x) we are an accredited investor (as defined in Regulation D) or (y) we are not a U.S. person
(as defined in Regulation S) and we are located outside the United States (within the meaning of
Regulation S under the Act) and acquired, or have agreed to acquire and will have acquired, the
Shares to be deposited outside the United States (within the meaning of Regulation S), and (ii) it
is not in the business of buying and selling securities or, if it is in such business, it did not
acquire the securities to be deposited from the Company or any affiliate thereof in the initial
distribution of Global Depositary Shares and Shares.
4. We agree (or if we are a broker-dealer, our customer has confirmed to us that it agrees)
that we (or it) will not offer, sell, pledge or otherwise transfer such Receipts, the Global
Depositary Shares evidenced thereby or the Shares represented thereby except in accordance with
Regulation S under the Act, in either case in accordance with any applicable securities laws of
any state of the United States.
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Very truly yours,
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[NAME OF CERTIFYING ENTITY] |
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Annex II
Certification
and Agreement of Persons Receiving
Deposited
Securities Upon Withdrawal
Pursuant to Section 2.05 of the
Global Deposit Agreement
We refer to the Deposit Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2000 (the Global Deposit
Agreement), among MATCHNET PLC (the Company), THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Depositary thereunder,
and Owners and Beneficial Owners of Global Depositary Receipts (the Receipts) issued thereunder.
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given them in the Deposit
Agreement.
1. We are surrendering a Receipt or Receipts in accordance with the
terms of the Deposit Agreement for the purpose of withdrawal of the Deposited Securities
represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or Receipts (the
Shares) pursuant to Section 2.05 of the Deposit Agreement.
2. We acknowledge (or if we are a broker-dealer, our customer has
confirmed to us that it acknowledges) that the Receipts, the Global Depositary Shares
evidenced thereby and the securities represented thereby have not been and will not be
registered under the Securities Act (the Act).
3. We certify that either:
(a) We are located outside the United States (within the meaning of Regulation
S under the Act), and either:
(i) we have sold or otherwise transferred, or agreed to sell or
otherwise transfer and at or prior to the time of withdrawal will have
sold or otherwise transferred, the Receipts or the Shares in accordance
with Regulation S under the Act, and we are, or prior to such sale or
other transfer we were, the beneficial owner of the Receipts, or
(ii) we will be the beneficial owner of the Shares upon withdrawal,
and, accordingly, we agree that we will not offer, sell, pledge or
otherwise transfer the shares except in accordance with Regulation S under
the Act.
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OR
(b) we are an accredited investor (as defined in Regulation D)
acting for our own account or for the account of one or more qualified institutional buyers and we
have agreed to acquire (or it has agreed to acquire), the Receipts or the Shares in a transaction
which we understand is being made in reliance upon the Regulation D safe harbor.
4.
If we are a broker-dealer, we further certify that we are acting for the account of our
customer and that our customer has confirmed the accuracy of the representations contained in
paragraph 3 hereof that are applicable to it.
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Very truly,
[NAME OF CERTIFYING ENTITY]
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GLOBAL DEPOSITARY SHARES |
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(Each Global Depositary Share |
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represents One
(1) deposited Share) |
EXHIBIT A
[FORM OF RECEIPT]
REGULATION S
THIS GLOBAL DEPOSITARY RECEIPT, THE GLOBAL DEPOSITARY SHARES EVIDENCED HEREBY AND THE ORDINARY
SHARES OF 1P EACH OF MATCHNET PLC (SHARES) REPRESENTED THEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE
REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE SECURITIES ACT), AND MAY NOT BE
OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT IN AN OFFSHORE TRANSACTION IN ACCORDANCE
WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT, IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF
ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST
COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (DTC), TO THE AGENT AUTHORIZED BY THE COMPANY FOR REGISTRATION
OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE &
CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT
IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF
DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS
WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO.,
HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
GLOBAL DEPOSITARY RECEIPT
FOR ORDINARY SHARES OF 1P EACH
OF
MATCHNET PLC
(ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAWS OF ENGLAND AND WALES)
The Bank of New York as depositary (hereinafter called the Depositary),
hereby certifies that , or registered assigns IS THE OWNER OF
GLOBAL DEPOSITARY SHARES
representing
deposited ordinary shares of 1p each in registered form (herein called Shares)
of MatchNet PLC organized under the laws of England and Wales (herein called the
Company). At the date hereof, each Global Depositary Share represents one (1) Share which is
either deposited or subject to deposit under the Global Deposit Agreement at the London office of
The Bank of New York (herein called the Custodian). The Depositarys Corporate Trust Office is
located at a different address than its principal executive office. Its Corporate Trust Office is
located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, N.Y. 10286, and its principal executive office is located
at One Wall Street, New York, N.Y. 10286.
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THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Depositary
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By: |
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Authorized Signatory |
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Dated: , 2000 |
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Countersigned: |
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Authorized Signatory
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THE DEPOSITARYS CORPORATE TRUST OFFICE ADDRESS IS
101 BARCLAY STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10286
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1. |
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THE GLOBAL DEPOSIT AGREEMENT; BOOK-ENTRY GLOBAL DEPOSITARY
SHARES. |
This Global Depositary Receipt is one of an issue (herein called Receipts), all issued and
to be issued upon the terms and conditions set forth in the deposit agreement, dated as of April
28, 2000 (herein called the Global Deposit Agreement), by and among the Company, the Depositary,
and all Owners and Beneficial Owners from time to time of Receipts issued thereunder, each of whom
by accepting this Receipt agrees to become a party thereto and become bound by all the terms and
conditions thereof. The Global Deposit Agreement sets forth the rights of Owners and Beneficial
Owners of the Receipts and the rights and duties of the Depositary in respect or in lieu of the
Shares deposited or deemed to be deposited thereunder and any and all other securities, property
and cash from time to time received in respect or in lieu of such Shares and held thereunder (such
Shares, securities, property, and cash are herein called Deposited Securities). Copies of the
Global Deposit Agreement are on file at the Depositarys Corporate Trust Office in The City of New
York and at the office of the Custodian.
The statements made on the face and reverse of this Receipt are summaries of certain
provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement and are qualified by and subject to the detailed
provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement, to which reference is hereby made. Capitalized terms
defined in the Global Deposit Agreement and not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth
in the Global Deposit Agreement.
This Receipt shall bear a CUSIP number that is different from any CUSIP number that is or
may be assigned to any other restricted depositary shares relating to the Shares.
If applicable, this Receipt shall bear an ISIN number that is different from any ISIN number
that is or may be assigned to any other restricted depositary shares
relating to the Shares.
So long as the Book-Entry GDSs are eligible for book-entry settlement with DTC, unless
otherwise required by law, such Book-Entry GDSs representing the Shares deposited with any
Custodian shall be represented by a Master GDR registered in the name of a nominee of DTC
(initially expected to be Cede & Co.) and no person acquiring such Book-Entry GDSs shall receive
or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificated Receipts evidencing Global Depositary
Shares. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely upon the procedures of DTC and institutions
having accounts with DTC to exercise or be entitled to any rights of an Owner of a Receipt. The
Bank of New York or such other entity as is agreed with DTC may hold the Master GDR as custodian
for DTC. During any period in which Book-Entry GDSs are represented by the Master GDR, ownership
of beneficial interests in the Master GDR shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership
shall be effected only through, records maintained by (i) DTC or its nominee (with respect to
participants interests) or (ii) institutions having accounts with DTC. All references
in this Global Deposit Agreement to issuance or delivery of
- 3 -
Receipts shall be deemed to include, where applicable, adjustments in the records of the
Depositary showing the number of Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR.
The Company has requested that DTC not effect any book-entry deliveries of the
Book-Entry GDSs, except deliveries to or between DTC participant accounts maintained by the
banks that act as depositaries for Clearstream (the Deliver Order Chill) until the Company
delivers further instructions.
If, at any time when Book-Entry GDSs are represented by a Master GDR, DTC (or
Clearstream) ceases to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Book-Entry
GDSs, the Company shall consult with the Depositary regarding other arrangements for
book-entry settlement. Only in the event that it is impracticable without undue effort or
expense to continue to make the Global Depositary Shares available in book-entry form as
determined by the Company and the Depositary, the Company shall instruct the Depositary to
make Receipts evidencing Physical GDSs available to the Beneficial Owners in physical,
certificated form, which availability shall be subject to such additions, deletions and
modifications to the form of Receipt and the Global Deposit Agreement and subject to the
requirements of any other documents, statements or certifications in connection therewith as
the Company and the Depositary may, from time to time, agree. In the event of issuance of
Receipts in physical, certificated form evidencing Physical GDSs, such Receipts may evidence
any number of Global Depositary Shares.
2. |
|
SURRENDER OF RECEIPTS AND WITHDRAWAL OF SHARES. |
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, upon (i) receipt by
the Depositary at its Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee
on behalf of any Beneficial Owner, if the book-entry settlement system of DTC is then
available for the Book-Entry GDSs, and (ii) surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Depositary of this Receipt evidencing Book-Entry GDSs or Physical GDSs, if the book-entry
settlement system of DTC shall have become unavailable for Book-Entry GDSs, in either case,
for the purpose of withdrawal of the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary
Shares evidenced by such Receipt or representing such persons beneficial interest in
Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR, and upon payment of the fee of the Depositary for
the surrender of Receipts as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global Deposit Agreement and
payment of all taxes and governmental charges payable in connection with such surrender and
withdrawal of the Deposited Securities (or, with respect to any applicable stamp taxes, upon
the Depositarys receipt of evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that any such amounts have
been fully paid), and subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, the
Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company, the Deposited Securities and applicable
law, the Owner of such Receipt acting for itself or on behalf of the Beneficial Owner or DTC
participant, as the case may be, shall be entitled to delivery, to him or upon his order of
the amount of Deposited Securities at the time represented by
- 4 -
the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or such beneficial interest in Book-Entry
GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR. Delivery of such Deposited Securities may be made by the
delivery of (x) certificates in the name of such Owner or as ordered by him or certificates
properly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of transfer to such Owner
or as ordered by him, and (y) any other securities, property and cash to which such Owner is then
entitled in respect of such Receipts to such Owner or as ordered by him. Such delivery shall be
made, as hereinafter provided, without unreasonable delay.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Deposited Securities may be withdrawn upon receipt of
written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any Beneficial Owner or the surrender
of this Receipt, as the case may be, unless at or prior to the time of surrender the Depositary
shall have received a duly executed and completed written certificate and agreement (Withdrawal
and Transfer Certificate), in substantially the form attached as Annex II to the Global Deposit
Agreement, by or on behalf of the person surrendering such Receipt who after such withdrawal
will be the beneficial owner of such Deposited Securities.
A Receipt surrendered under Section 2.05 of the Global Deposit Agreement for such purposes
may be required by the Depositary to be properly endorsed in blank or accompanied by a proper
instrument or instruments of transfer in blank, and if the Depositary so requires, the Owner
thereof or the Beneficial Owner of an interest as to which withdrawal instructions have been
given, as the case may be, shall execute and deliver to the Depositary a written order directing
the Depositary to cause the Deposited Securities being withdrawn to be delivered to or upon the
written order of a person or persons designated in such order. Thereupon the Depositary shall
direct the Custodian to deliver at the London office of such Custodian, subject to Sections 2.06,
3.01 and 3.02 of the Global Deposit Agreement and to the other terms and conditions of the Global
Deposit Agreement, to or upon the written order of the person or persons designated in the order
delivered to the Depositary as above provided, the amount of Deposited Securities represented by
the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt or such beneficial interest in Book-Entry
GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR, except that the Depositary may make delivery to such person or
persons at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of any dividends or distributions with
respect to the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such
Receipt or such beneficial interest, or of any proceeds of sale of any dividends, distributions or
rights, which may at the time be held by the Depositary.
At the request, risk and expense of any Owner so surrendering a Receipt or any Beneficial
Owner submitting such written instructions for delivery, and for the account of such Owner or
Beneficial Owner, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to forward any cash or other property
(other than rights) comprising, and forward a certificate or certificates and other proper
documents of title for, the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares
evidenced by such Receipt or the beneficial interest in
- 5 -
Book-Entry GDSs evidenced by the Master GDR to the Depositary for delivery at the Corporate Trust
Office of the Depositary. Such direction shall be given by letter or, at the request, risk and
expense of such Owner, by air courier, cable, telex or facsimile transmission.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Owner acknowledges that, and each of the Depositary and
the Custodian agrees that neither the Custodian nor the Depositary will make any actual delivery
of Shares to any Owner at an address within the United States (as defined under Regulation S).
3. |
|
TRANSFERS, SPLIT-UPS, AND COMBINATIONS OF RECEIPTS. |
The transfer of this Receipt is registrable on the books of the Depositary (a) if the
book-entry settlement system of DTC is then available for the Book-Entry GDSs, upon receipt by the
Depositary at its Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on
behalf of any Beneficial Owner and (b) if the book-entry
settlement system of DTC shall become
unavailable for the Book-Entry GDSs, upon surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Depositary of this Receipt, by the Owner hereof in person or by a duly authorized attorney,
properly endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of transfer (including, in
the case of any Receipt in physical, certificated form, the due execution and completion of any
endorsements appearing thereon relating to compliance with restrictions applicable to the transfer
thereof) and duly stamped as may be required by the laws of the State of New York and the United
States, and subject to the payment of funds sufficient to pay any applicable transfer taxes and
the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global Deposit
Agreement (or, with respect to any applicable stamp taxes, upon the Depositarys receipt of
evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that any such amounts have been fully paid). Thereupon the
Depositary shall execute a new Receipt or Receipts and deliver the same to or upon the order of
the person entitled thereto, subject to receipt of any certifications by such person as the
Depositary and the Company may require in order to comply with applicable laws.
This Receipt may be split into other such Receipts, or may be combined with other such
Receipts into one Receipt, representing the same aggregate number of Global Depositary Shares as
the Receipt or Receipts surrendered. The Depositary may deliver this Receipt or Receipts in
exchange for an unrestricted depositary receipt or unrestricted depositary receipts, upon the
same terms and subject to the same conditions as apply to a deposit for this Receipt under
Section 2.02(b) of the Global Deposit Agreement. As a condition precedent to the execution and
delivery, registration of transfer, split-up, combination or surrender of any Receipt or
withdrawal of any Deposited Securities or the adjustment of the Depositarys records to reflect
the deposit of Shares or any such transfer, split-up, combination, surrender or withdrawal, the
Depositary, Custodian or Registrar may require payment from the depositor of Shares or the
presenter of the Receipt of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any tax or other governmental
charge and
- 6 -
any stock transfer or registration fee with respect thereto (including any such tax or charge
and fee with respect to the Shares being deposited or withdrawn) and payment of any applicable fees
as herein provided (or, with respect to any applicable stamp taxes, upon the Depositarys receipt
of evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that any such amounts have been fully paid), may require
the production of proof satisfactory to it as to the identity and genuineness of any signature and
may also require compliance with any regulations the Depositary may establish consistent with the
provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 2.06 thereof.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any transfer of a Receipt evidencing Physical
GDSs, upon the surrender of such Receipt together with written instructions as to the person or
persons, or to whose DTC participant account the Physical GDSs to be transferred are to be
credited, the Depositary will, if at the time DTCs book-entry settlement system is available for
Book-Entry GDSs, cancel the surrendered Receipt, adjust its records, and instruct DTC to adjust its
records, so as to increase the number of Global Depositary Shares represented by the
Master GDR by the number of Physical GDSs evidenced by the Receipt so surrendered for transfer
and inform DTC as to the person or persons, or to whose DTC participant account such Global
Depositary Shares are to be credited.
The delivery of Receipts against deposits of Shares generally or against deposits of
particular Shares may be suspended, or deposits of Shares may be refused, or the transfer of
Receipts in particular instances may be refused or the registration of transfer, split-up or
combination of outstanding Receipts, or the surrender of outstanding Receipts or the receipt of
written instructions from any person having a beneficial interest in Book-Entry GDSs represented by
the Master GDR for the purpose of withdrawal of Deposited Securities, may be suspended generally or
in particular instances, during any period when the transfer books of the Depositary or the Company
or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, are closed, or if any such action is deemed necessary or
advisable by the Depositary or the Company at any time or from time to time because of any
requirement of law or of any government or governmental body or commission, or under any provision
of the Global Deposit Agreement, or for any other reason.
4. |
|
LIABILITY OF OWNER FOR TAXES. |
If any tax or other governmental charge shall become payable with respect to this Receipt or
any Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by this Receipt,
such tax or other governmental charge will be payable by the Owner or Beneficial Owner hereof to
the Depositary (or, with respect to any applicable stamp taxes, such Owner or Beneficial Owner may
provide the Depositary with evidence satisfactory to the Depositary that any such amounts have been
fully paid). The Depositary may refuse to effect registration of transfer of this Receipt (or any
split-up or combination hereof) or any withdrawal of Deposited Securities represented by Global
Depositary Shares evidenced by this Receipt until such payment is made, and may
- 7 -
withhold any dividends or other distributions in respect of any Deposited Securities, or may sell
for the account of the Owner or Beneficial Owner hereof any part or all of the Deposited
Securities represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by
this Receipt, and may apply
such dividends or other distributions or the proceeds of any such sale in payment of
Such tax or other governmental charge and the Owner or Beneficial Owner hereof will remain liable
for any deficiency.
5. |
|
WARRANTIES OF DEPOSITORS. |
Every person depositing Shares under the Global Deposit Agreement will be deemed thereby to
represent and warrant, in addition to such representations and warranties as may be required
pursuant to Section 2.02 of the Global Deposit Agreement, that such Shares and each certificate
therefor are validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable, and free of any preemptive rights of the
holders of outstanding Shares and that the person making such deposit is duly authorized to do so.
Such representations and warranties will survive the deposit of such Shares and
issuance of Receipts.
Each purchaser of Receipts or Global Depositary Shares or a beneficial interest therein in
connection with the Initial Deposit will be deemed to acknowledge, represent and warrant and agree
to the same effect as the acknowledgment, certification and agreement set out in paragraphs 2, 3
and 4 of Annex I to the Global Deposit Agreement. Each person depositing or withdrawing Shares will
be deemed to acknowledge, represent and warrant to the same effect as the acknowledgment and
certifications set out in Annex I or II to the Global Deposit Agreement, as the case may be. Each
such purchaser and each such person on whose behalf Shares are deposited, and each person
depositing or withdrawing Shares will be deemed to represent that it understands that the Receipts
and the underlying Shares, unless otherwise agreed by the Company and the Depositary, will bear one
or more legends substantially to the effect set out in Sections 2.01(a) and 2.01(b) of the Global
Deposit Agreement. Such acknowledgments, representations, warranties and agreements shall survive
any such purchase, deposit or withdrawal.
6. |
|
FILING PROOFS, CERTIFICATES AND OTHER INFORMATION. |
Any person presenting Shares for deposit or any Owner or Beneficial Owner of this Receipt may
be required from time to time to file with the Depositary or the Custodian such proof of
citizenship or residence, exchange control approval, proof of the identity of any person legally or
beneficially interested in this Receipt and the nature of such interest, proof of compliance with
all applicable laws and regulations and provisions of or governing Deposited Securities and the
terms of the Global Deposit Agreement or such information relating to the registration on the books
of the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if applicable, of the Shares presented for deposit or
other information, to execute such certificates and to make such representations and warranties, as
the Depositary may deem necessary or proper. The Depositary may withhold the delivery or
registration of transfer of any Receipt or the distribution of any dividend or distribution of
rights or of the sale proceeds thereof or the delivery of any Deposited Securities until such
- 8 -
proof or
other information is filed or such certificates are executed or such representations
and warranties made. No Share shall be accepted for deposit unless
accompanied by evidence
satisfactory to the Depositary that all conditions to such deposit have been satisfied by the
person depositing such Shares under the laws and regulations of England and that any necessary
approval has been granted by any governmental body in England which is then performing the
function of the regulation of currency exchange or any other function which requires approval for
the deposit of Shares.
7. |
|
CHARGES OF DEPOSITARY. |
The
following charges shall be incurred by any party depositing or withdrawing Shares or by any party
surrendering Receipts or to whom Receipts are issued (including without limitation, issuance
pursuant to a stock dividend or stock split declared by the Company or an exchange of stock
regarding the Receipts or Deposited Securities or a distribution of Receipts pursuant to Section 4.03
of the Global Deposit Agreement) whichever applicable. (1) taxes and other governmental charges,
(2) such registration fees as may from time to time be in effect for the registration of transfers
of Shares generally on the Share register of the Company (or any other appointed agent of the
Company for transfer and registration of the Shares) and applicable to transfers of Shares to the
name of the Depositary or its nominee or the Custodian or its nominee
on the making of deposits or withdrawals under the Global Deposit
Agreement, (3) such cable, telex and facsimile transmission
expenses as are expressly provided in the Global Deposit Agreement (4) such expenses as are incurred
by the Depositary in the conversion of Foreign Currency pursuant to Section 4.05 of the Global
Deposit Agreement, (5) a fee of $5.00 or less per 100 Global Depositary Shares (or portion thereof)
for the execution and delivery of Receipts pursuant to Section 2.03, 4.03 or 4.04 of the Global
Deposit Agreement, and the surrender of receipts pursuant to Section 2.05 or 6.02 of the Global
Deposit Agreement and (6) a fee of $.02 or less per Global
Depositary Share (or portion thereof) for
any cash distribution made pursuant to the Global Deposit Agreement,
including, but not limited to,
Sections 4.01 through 4.04 thereof, (7) a fee for the
distribution of securities pursuant to Section
4.02 of the Global Deposit Agreement, such fee being in an amount equal to the fee for the
execution and delivery of Global Depositary Shares referred to above which would have been
charged as a result of the deposit of such securities (for purposes of this clause (7) treating all
such securities as if they were Shares) but which securities are instead distributed by the
Depositary to Owners and (8) a fee not in excess of $1.50 per certificate for a Receipt or Receipts
for transfers made pursuant to the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement.
The Depositary, subject
to Section 2.09 of the Global Deposit Agreement, may own and deal in any class of securities of the
Company and its affiliates and in Receipts.
8. |
|
PRE-RELEASE OF RECEIPTS. |
Notwithstanding Section 2.03 of the Global Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may execute and
deliver Receipts prior to the receipt of Shares pursuant to Section 2.02
- 9 -
of the Global Deposit Agreement (a Pre-Release). The Depositary may, pursuant to Section 2.05 of the Global Deposit
Agreement, deliver Shares upon the receipt and cancellation of Receipts which have been
Pre-Released, whether or not such cancellation is prior to the termination of such Pre-Release or
the Depositary knows that such Receipt has been Pre-Released. The Depositary may receive Receipts in lieu of Shares in satisfaction of a Pre-Release. Each Pre-Release will be
(a) preceded or accompanied by a written representation from the person to whom Receipts or Shares
are to be delivered, that such person, or its customer, owns the Shares or Receipts to be remitted,
as the case may be, (b) at all times fully collateralized with cash or such other collateral as the
Depositary deems appropriate, (c) terminable by the Depositary on not more than five (5) business
days notice, and (d) subject to such further indemnities and credit regulations as the Depositary
deems appropriate. The number of Global Depositary Shares which are outstanding at any time as a
result of Pre-Release will not normally exceed thirty percent (30%) of the Shares deposited under
the Global Deposit Agreement; provided, however. that the Depositary reserves the right to
change or disregard such limit from time to time as it deems appropriate.
The Depositary may retain for its own account any compensation received by it in connection
with the foregoing.
The person to whom any Pre-Release is to be made pursuant to Section 2.09 of the Global
Deposit Agreement shall be required to deliver to the Depositary a duly executed and completed
Depositor Certificate in substantially the form attached to the Global Deposit Agreement as Annex
I.
Title to this Receipt (and to the Global Depositary Shares evidenced hereby), when properly
endorsed or accompanied by a proper instrument or instruments of transfer and transferred in
accordance with the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement, is transferable by delivery with the
same effect as in the case of a negotiable instrument under the laws of the State of New York;
provided, however, that the Depositary, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may
treat the Owner hereof as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of determining the person
entitled to distribution of dividends or other distributions or to any notice provided for in the
Global Deposit Agreement and for all other purposes and neither the Depositary nor the Company will
have any obligation or be subject to any liability under the Global Deposit Agreement to any holder
of this Receipt, unless such holder is the Owner hereof.
This Receipt will not be entitled to any benefits under the Global Deposit Agreement or be
valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless this Receipt shall have been executed by the Depositary
by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of the Depositary, and if a
Registrar (other than the Depositary) for the Receipts
- 10 -
shall have been appointed, countersigned by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized
signatory of the Registrar.
11. |
|
REPORTS; INSPECTION OF TRANSFER BOOKS. |
The Depositary will make available for inspection by Owners at its Corporate Trust Office any
reports and communications, including any proxy soliciting material, received from the Company
which are both (a) received by the Depositary as the holder of the Deposited Securities and (b)
made generally available to the holders of such Deposited Securities by the Company. The Depositary
shall also send to the Owners copies of such reports when furnished by the Company pursuant to
Section 5.06 of the Global Deposit Agreement.
The Depositary shall keep books at its Corporate Trust Office for the registration of Receipts
and transfers of Receipts which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Owners,
provided that such inspection shall not be for the purpose of communicating with Owners in the
interest of a business or object other than the business of the Company or a matter related to
the Global Deposit Agreement or the Receipts.
The Depositary may close the transfer books, at any time or from time to time, when deemed
expedient by it in connection with the performance of its duties under the Global Deposit
Agreement.
12. |
|
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS. |
Whenever the Depositary shall receive any cash dividend or other cash distribution on any
Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall, if such cash is received in Foreign Currency, subject
to the provisions of Section 4.05 of the Global Deposit Agreement, convert such dividend or
distribution into Dollars and shall distribute the amount thus received (net of the fees and
expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global Deposit Agreement) to the
Owners entitled thereto, in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares representing such
Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts held by them respectively;
provided, however,
that in the event that the Company or the Depositary shall be required to withhold and does
withhold from such cash dividend or such other cash distribution an amount on account of taxes or
other governmental charges, the amount distributed to the Owner of the Receipts evidencing Global
Depositary Shares representing such Deposited Securities shall be reduced accordingly.
Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.11 and 5.09 of the Global Deposit Agreement, whenever
the Depositary shall receive any distribution other than a distribution described in Section 4.01,
4.03 or 4.04 of the Global Deposit Agreement, the Depositary shall cause the securities or property
received by it to be distributed to the Owners entitled thereto, after the deduction or upon
payment of any fees and expenses of the Depositary or any taxes or other governmental charges under
the Global Deposit
- 11 -
Agreement in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares representing such Deposited
Securities evidenced by Receipts held by them respectively, in any manner that the Depositary may
deem equitable and practicable for accomplishing such distribution;
provided, however, that
if in the opinion of the Depositary such distribution cannot be made proportionately among the
Owners entitled thereto, or if for any other reason (including, but not limited to, any requirement
that the Company or the Depositary withhold an amount on account of taxes or other governmental
charges or that such securities must be registered under the Securities Act in order to be
distributed to Owners or Beneficial Owners of Receipts) the Depositary deems such distribution not
to be feasible, the Depositary may adopt such method as it may deem equitable and practicable for
the purpose of effecting such distribution, including, but not limited to, the public or private
sale of the securities or property thus received, or any part thereof, and the net proceeds of any
such sale (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global
Deposit Agreement) shall be distributed by the Depositary to the Owners entitled thereto, all in
the manner and subject to the conditions described in Section 4.01 of the Global Deposit Agreement.
Each beneficial owner of Receipts or Shares so distributed shall be deemed to have acknowledged
that the shares have not been registered under the Securities Act and to have agreed to comply with
the restrictions on transfer described in the legend affixed at the beginning hereof.
If any distribution upon any Deposited Securities consists of a dividend in, or free distribution
of, Shares, the Depositary may either (i) if Book-Entry GDSs are available, reflect on the records
of the Depositary such increase in the aggregate number of GDSs representing Shares evidenced by
the Master GDR and give notice to DTC of the related increase in the number of GDSs evidenced by
the Master GDR or (ii) if Book-Entry GDSs are not available, distribute to the Owners of
outstanding Receipts entitled thereto, in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares
representing such Deposited Securities evidenced by Receipts held by them respectively,
additional Receipts evidencing an aggregate number of Global Depositary Shares representing the
amount of Shares received as such dividend or free distribution, subject to the terms and
conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement with respect to the deposit of Shares and the issuance
of Global Depositary Shares evidenced by Receipts, including the withholding of any tax or other
governmental charge as provided in Section 4.11 of the Global Deposit Agreement and the payment of
the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global Deposit
Agreement. The Depositary may withhold any such distribution of Receipts if it has not received
satisfactory assurances from the Company that such distribution does not require registration under
the Securities Act or is exempt from registration under the provisions of such Act. In lieu of
delivering Receipts for fractional Global Depositary Shares in any such case, the Depositary shall
sell the amount of Shares represented by the aggregate of such fractions and distribute the net
proceeds, all in the manner and subject to the conditions described in Section 4.01 of the Global
Deposit Agreement. If such adjustments on the records of the Depositary are not so made or
additional Receipts are not so distributed, each Global Depositary Share shall thenceforth also
represent the additional Shares distributed upon the Deposited Securities represented
- 12 -
thereby. Each Beneficial Owner of Receipts or Shares so distributed shall be deemed to have
acknowledged that the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act and to have agreed
to comply with the restrictions on transfer described in the form of legend set forth in Section
2.01 of the Global Deposit Agreement.
In the event that the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including
Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) is subject to any tax or other governmental charge which
the Depositary is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may by public or private sale dispose of
all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such
amounts and in such manner as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay any such taxes
or charges and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale after deduction of
such taxes or charges to the Owners entitled thereto in proportion to the number of Global
Depositary Shares held by them respectively.
In the event that the Company shall offer or cause to be offered to the holders of any
Deposited Securities any rights to subscribe for additional Shares or any rights of any other
nature, the Depositary shall have discretion as to the procedure to be followed in making such
rights available to any Owners or in disposing of such rights on behalf of any Owners and making
the net proceeds available to such Owners or, if by the terms of such rights offering or for any
other reason, the Depositary may not either make such rights available to any Owners or dispose of
such rights and make the net proceeds available to such Owners, then the Depositary shall allow the
rights to lapse. If at the time of the offering of any rights the Depositary determines in its
discretion that it is lawful and feasible to make such rights available to all or certain Owners
but not to other Owners, the Depositary may distribute to any Owner to whom it determines the
distribution to be lawful and feasible, in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares
held by such Owner, warrants or other instruments therefor in such form as it deems appropriate.
In circumstances in which rights would otherwise not be distributed, if an Owner of Receipts
requests the distribution of warrants or other instruments in order to exercise the rights
allocable to the Global Depositary Shares of such Owner under the Global Deposit Agreement, the
Depositary will make such rights available to such Owner upon written notice from the Company to
the Depositary that (a) the Company has elected in its sole discretion to permit such rights to be
exercised and (b) such Owner has executed such documents as the Company has determined in its sole
discretion are reasonably required under applicable law.
If the Depositary has distributed warrants or other instruments for rights to all or certain
Owners, then upon instruction from such an Owner pursuant to such warrants or other instruments to
the Depositary from such an Owner to exercise such rights, upon payment by such Owner to the
Depositary for the account of such Owner of an amount
- 13 -
equal to the purchase price of the Shares to be received upon the exercise of the rights, and upon
payment of the fees and expenses of the Depositary and any other charges as set forth in such
warrants or other instruments, the Depositary shall, on behalf of such Owner, exercise the rights
and purchase the Shares, and the Company shall cause the Shares so purchased to be delivered to the
Depositary on behalf of such Owner. As agent for such Owner, the Depositary will cause the Shares
so purchased to be deposited pursuant to Section 2.02 of the Global Deposit Agreement, and shall,
pursuant to Section 2.03 of the Global Deposit Agreement, execute and deliver Receipts to such
Owner. In the case of a distribution pursuant to the second paragraph of Section 4.04 of the Global
Deposit Agreement, such Receipts shall be legended in the manner provided in Section 2.01 of the
Global Deposit Agreement and in accordance with applicable U.S. laws, and shall be subject to the
appropriate restrictions on sale, deposit, cancellation and transfer under such laws.
If the Depositary determines in its discretion that it is not lawful and feasible to make such
rights available to all or certain Owners, it may sell the rights, warrants or other instruments in
proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares held by the Owners to whom it has determined
it may not lawfully or feasibly make such rights-available, and allocate the net proceeds of such
sales (net of the fees and expenses of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the Global
Deposit Agreement and all taxes and governmental charges payable in connection with such rights and
subject to the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement) for the account of such Owners
otherwise entitled to such rights, warrants or other instruments, upon an averaged or other
practical basis without regard to any distinctions among such Owners because of exchange
restrictions or the date of delivery of any Receipt or otherwise.
The Depositary will not offer rights to Owners unless both the rights and the securities to
which such rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with respect
to a distribution to all Owners or are registered under the provisions of such Act;
provided, that nothing in the Global Deposit Agreement shall create any obligation on the
part of the Company to file a registration statement with respect to such rights or underlying
securities or to endeavor to have such a registration statement declared effective. If an Owner of
Receipts requests the distribution of warrants or other instruments, notwithstanding that there has
been no such registration under such Act, the Depositary shall not effect such distribution unless
it has received an opinion from recognized counsel in the United States for the Company upon which
the Depositary may rely that such distribution to such Owner is exempt from such registration.
The Depositary shall not be responsible for any failure to determine that it may be lawful or
feasible to make such rights available to Owners in general or any Owner in particular.
- 14 -
14. |
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CONVERSION OF FOREIGN CURRENCY. |
Whenever the Depositary shall receive Foreign Currency, by way of dividends or other
distributions or the net proceeds from the sale of securities, property or rights, and if at the
time of the receipt thereof the Foreign Currency so received can in the judgment of the Depositary
be converted on a reasonable basis into Dollars and the resulting Dollars transferred to the United
States, the Depositary shall convert or cause to be converted, by sale or in any other manner that
it may determine, such Foreign Currency into Dollars, and such Dollars shall be distributed to the
Owners entitled thereto or, if the Depositary shall have distributed any warrants or other
instruments which entitle the holders thereof to such Dollars, then to the holders of such warrants
and/or instruments, as applicable, upon surrender thereof for cancellation in whole or in part
depending upon the terms of such warrants or other instruments. Such distribution may be made upon
an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions among Owners on account
of exchange restrictions, the date of delivery of any Receipt or otherwise and shall be net of any
expenses of conversion into Dollars incurred by the Depositary as provided in Section 5.09 of the
Global Deposit Agreement.
If such conversion or distribution can be effected only with the approval or license of any
government or agency thereof, the Depositary shall file such application for approval or license,
if any, as it may deem desirable.
If at any time the Depositary shall determine in its judgment that any Foreign Currency
received by the Depositary is not convertible on a reasonable basis into Dollars transferable to
the United States, or if any approval or license of any government or agency thereof which is
required for such conversion is denied or in the opinion of the Depositary is not obtainable, or if
any such approval or license is not obtained within a reasonable period as determined by the
Depositary, the Depositary may distribute the Foreign Currency (or an appropriate document
evidencing the right to receive such Foreign Currency) received by the Depositary to, or in its
discretion may hold such Foreign Currency uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for
the respective accounts of, the Owners entitled to receive the same.
If any such conversion of Foreign Currency, in whole or in part, cannot be effected for
distribution to some of the Owners entitled thereto, the Depositary may in its discretion make such
conversion and distribution in Dollars to the extent permissible to the Owners entitled thereto and
may distribute the balance of the Foreign Currency received by the Depositary to, or hold such
balance uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for the respective accounts of, the
Owners entitled thereto.
15. |
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FIXING OF RECORD DATE. |
Whenever any cash dividend or other cash distribution shall become payable or any distribution
other than cash shall be made, or whenever rights shall be issued with respect to the Deposited
Securities, or whenever the Depositary shall receive notice of
- 15 -
any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or whenever for any reason the
Depositary causes a change in the number of Shares that are represented by each Global Depositary
Share, or whenever the Depositary shall find it necessary or convenient, the Depositary shall fix a
record date which shall be the same date as the record date, if any, applicable to the Deposited
Securities, or as close thereto as practicable (a) for the determination of the Owners
who shall be (i) entitled to receive such dividend, distribution or rights or the net proceeds of
the sale thereof or (ii) entitled to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at any
such meeting, or (b) on or after which each Global Depositary Share will represent the changed
number of Shares. Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.01 through 4.05 of the Global Deposit
Agreement and to the other terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, the Owners on such
record date shall be entitled, as the case may be, to receive the amount distributable by the
Depositary with respect to such dividend or other distribution or such rights or the net proceeds
of sale thereof in proportion to the number of Global Depositary Shares evidenced by Receipts held
by them respectively and to give voting instructions, to exercise the rights of Owners under the
Global Deposit Agreement with respect to such changed number of Shares and to act in respect of any
other such matter.
16. |
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VOTING OF DEPOSITED SECURITIES. |
Upon receipt of notice of any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, if
requested in writing by the Company, the Depositary shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail
to the Owners a notice, the form of which notice shall be in the sole discretion of the Depositary,
which shall contain (a) such information as is contained in such notice of meeting received by the
Depositary from the Company, (b) a statement that the Owners as of the close of business on a
specified record date will be entitled, subject to any applicable provision of English law and of
the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company, to instruct the Depositary as to the
exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the amount of Shares or other Deposited
Securities represented by their respective Global Depositary Shares, and (c) a statement as to the
manner in which such instructions may be given[, including an express indication that such
instructions may be given or deemed given in accordance with the last sentence of this paragraph if
no instruction is received, to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated
to the Company]. Upon the written request of an Owner on such record date, received on or before
the date established by the Depositary for such purpose, the Depositary shall endeavor, insofar as
practicable, to vote or cause to be voted the amount of Shares or other Deposited Securities
represented by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt in accordance with the
instructions set forth in such request. The Depositary shall not vote or attempt to exercise the
right to vote that attaches to the Shares or other Deposited Securities, other than in accordance
with such instructions [or deemed instructions. If no instructions are received by the Depositary
from any Owner with respect to any of the Deposited Securities represented by the Global Depositary
Shares evidenced by this Receipt on or before the date established by the Depositary for such
purpose, the Depositary
- 16 -
shall deem such Owner to have instructed the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person
designated by the Company with respect to such Deposited Securities and the Depositary shall give a
discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company to vote such Deposited Securities,
provided, that no such instruction shall be deemed given and no such discretionary proxy
shall be given with respect to any matter as to which the Company informs the Depositary (and the
Company agrees to provide such information as promptly as practicable in writing) that (x) the
Company does not wish such proxy given, (y) substantial opposition exists or (z) such matter
materially and adversely affects the rights of holders of Shares].
17. |
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CHANGES AFFECTING DEPOSITED SECURITIES. |
In circumstances where the provisions of Section 4.03 of the Global Deposit Agreement do not
apply, upon any change in nominal value, change in par value, split-up, consolidation or any other
reclassification of Deposited Securities, or upon any recapitalization, reorganization, merger or
consolidation or sale of assets affecting the Company or to which it is a party, any securities
which shall be received by the Depositary or a Custodian in exchange for or in conversion of or in
respect of Deposited Securities, shall be treated as new Deposited Securities under the Global
Deposit Agreement, and Global Depositary Shares shall thenceforth represent, in addition to
existing Deposited Securities, the right to receive the new Deposited Securities so received in
exchange or conversion, unless additional Receipts are delivered pursuant to the following
sentence. In any such case the Depositary may (a) if Book-Entry GDSs are available, make
appropriate entry in its records, or (b) if Book-Entry GDSs are not available, either (i) execute
and deliver additional Receipts as in the case of a dividend in Shares or (ii) call for the
surrender of outstanding Receipts to be exchanged for new Receipts specifically describing such new
Deposited Securities.
18. |
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LIABILITY OF THE COMPANY AND DEPOSITARY. |
Neither the Depositary nor the Company nor any of their respective directors, employees,
agents or affiliates shall incur any liability to any Owner or Beneficial Owner of any Receipt, if
by reason of any provision of any present or future law, regulation, order, decree, moratorium or
fiat of the United States or any other country, or of any governmental or regulatory authority or
stock exchange, or by reason of any provision, present or future, of the Memorandum and Articles of
Association of the Company, or by reason of any provision of any securities issued or distributed
by the Company, or any offering or distribution thereof, or by reason of any act of God or war or
other circumstances beyond its control, the Depositary or the Company or any of their directors,
employees, agents or affiliates shall be prevented, delayed or forbidden from, or be subject to any
civil or criminal penalty on account of, doing or performing any act or thing which by the terms of
the Global Deposit Agreement or the Deposited Securities it is provided shall be done or performed;
nor shall the Depositary nor the Company nor any
- 17 -
of their respective directors, employees, agents or affiliates incur any liability to any Owner or
Beneficial Owner of any Receipt by reason of any nonperformance or delay, caused as aforesaid, in
the performance of any act or thing which by the terms of the Global Deposit Agreement it is
provided shall or may be done or performed, or by reason of any exercise of, or failure to
exercise, any discretion provided for in the Global Deposit Agreement. Where, by the terms of a
distribution pursuant to Section 4.01, 4.02, or 4.03 of the Global Deposit Agreement, or an
offering or distribution pursuant to Section 4.04 of the Global Deposit Agreement, or for any other
reason, such distribution or offering may not be made available to Owners, and the Depositary may
not dispose of such distribution or offering on behalf of such Owners and make the net proceeds
available to such Owners, then the Depositary shall not make such distribution or offering, and
shall allow any rights, if applicable, to lapse.
The Company assumes no obligation nor shall it be subject to any liability under the Global
Deposit Agreement to any Owner or Beneficial Owner, except that it agrees to perform its
obligations specifically set forth in the Global Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad faith.
The Depositary assumes no obligation nor shall it be subject to any liability under the Global
Deposit Agreement to any Owner or Beneficial Owner (including, without limitation, liability with
respect to the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities), except that it agrees to perform its
obligations specifically set forth in the Global Deposit Agreement without negligence or bad faith.
Neither the Depositary nor the Company shall be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or
defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities or in respect of
the Receipts, which in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless indemnity
satisfactory to it in its sole discretion against all expense and liability shall be furnished as
often as may be required, and the Custodian shall not be under any obligation whatsoever with
respect to such proceedings, the responsibility of the Custodian being solely to the Depositary.
Neither the Depositary nor the Company shall be liable for any action or nonaction by it in
reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting
Shares for deposit, any Owner, or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to
give such advice or information including, but not limited to, any such action or nonaction based
upon any written notice, request, direction or other document believed by it to be genuine and to
have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. The Depositary shall not be liable
for any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act
or omission of the Depositary or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or
resignation of the Depositary, provided that in connection with the issue out of which such
potential liability arises the Depositary performed its obligations without negligence or bad faith
while it acted as Depositary. The Depositary shall not be responsible for any failure to carry
out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities, or for the manner in which any such
vote is cast or the effect of any such vote, provided that any such action or nonaction is in good
faith. No disclaimer of liability under the Securities Act is intended by any provision of the
Global Deposit Agreement.
- 18 -
The Company agrees to indemnify the Depositary, its directors, employees, agents and
affiliates and any Custodian against, and hold each of them harmless from, any liability or expense
(including, but not limited to, the fees and expenses of counsel) which may arise out of acts
performed or omitted, in accordance with the provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement and of the
Receipts, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, (i) by either the
Depositary or any Custodian or their respective directors, employees, agents and affiliates, except
for any liability or expense arising out of the negligence or bad faith of either of them, or (ii)
by the Company or any of its directors, employees, agents and affiliates.
The Depositary agrees to indemnify the Company, its directors, employees, agents and
affiliates and hold them harmless from any liability or expense which may arise out of acts
performed or omitted by the Depositary or its Custodian or their respective directors, employees,
agents and affiliates due to their negligence or bad faith.
19. |
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RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL OF THE DEPOSITARY; APPOINTMENT OF
SUCCESSOR CUSTODIAN. |
The Depositary may at any time resign as Depositary under the Global Deposit Agreement by
written notice of its election to do so delivered to the Company, such resignation to take effect
upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided
in the Global Deposit Agreement. The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by
written notice of such removal effective upon the appointment of a successor depositary and its
acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Global Deposit Agreement. In case at any time the
Depositary shall resign or be removed, the Company will use its best efforts to appoint a successor
depositary, which will be a bank or trust company having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, The
City of New York. Every successor depositary will execute and deliver to its predecessor and to the
Company an instrument in writing accepting its appointment under the Global Deposit Agreement, and
thereupon such successor depositary, without any further act or deed, will become fully vested with
all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor; but such predecessor,
nevertheless, upon payment of all sums due it and on the written request of the Company, will
execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor all rights and powers of such
predecessor under the Global Deposit Agreement, will duly assign, transfer and deliver all right,
title and interest in the Deposited Securities to such successor, and will deliver to such
successor a list of the Owners of all outstanding Receipts. Any such successor depositary will
promptly mail notice of its appointment to the Owners. Whenever the Depositary in its discretion
determines that it is in the best interest of the Owners to do so, it may appoint a substitute or
additional custodian or custodians.
The form of the Receipts and any provisions of the Global Deposit Agreement may at any time
and from time to time be amended by agreement between the Company
- 19 -
and the Depositary without the consent of Owners or Beneficial Owners of Receipts in any respect
which they may deem necessary or desirable. Any amendment which shall impose or increase any fees
or charges (other than taxes and other governmental charges, registration fees, cable, telex or
facsimile transmission costs, delivery costs or other expenses), or which shall otherwise prejudice
any substantial existing right of Owners will, however, not become effective as to outstanding
Receipts until the expiration of thirty days after notice of such amendment shall have been given
to the Owners of outstanding Receipts. Every Owner and Beneficial Owner at the time any amendment
so becomes effective will be deemed, by continuing to hold such Receipt, to consent and agree to
such amendment and to be bound by the Global Deposit Agreement as amended thereby. In no event
shall any amendment impair the right of the Owner of this Receipt to surrender such Receipt and
receive herefor the Deposited Securities represented hereby, except in order to comply with
mandatory provisions of applicable law.
21. |
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TERMINATION OF GLOBAL DEPOSIT AGREEMENT. |
The
Depositary shall at any time at the direction of the Company terminate the Global
Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Owners of all Receipts then
outstanding at least 90 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination. The
Depositary may likewise terminate the Global Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such
termination to the Company and the Owners of all Receipts then outstanding, if at any time 90 days
shall have expired after the Depositary shall have delivered to the Company a written notice of its
election to resign and a successor depositary shall not have been appointed and accepted its
appointment as provided in Section 5.04 of the Global Deposit Agreement. On and after the date of
termination, the Owner of this Receipt will, upon (a) (i) receipt by the Depositary at its
Corporate Trust Office of written instructions from DTC or DTCs nominee on behalf of any
Beneficial Owner, if the book-entry settlement system of DTC is then available for the Book-Entry
GDSs, or (ii) surrender of such Receipt at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, (b)
payment of the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts referred to in Section 2.05 of
the Global Deposit Agreement, and (c) payment of any applicable taxes or governmental charges, be
entitled to delivery, to him or upon his order, of the amount of Deposited Securities represented
by the Global Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt. If any Receipts shall remain
outstanding after the date of termination, the Depositary thereafter shall discontinue the
registration of transfers of Receipts, shall suspend the distribution of dividends and other
distributions to the Owners thereof, and shall not give any further notices or perform any further
acts under the Global Deposit Agreement, except that the Depositary shall continue to collect
dividends and other distributions pertaining to Deposited Securities, shall sell rights and other
property as provided in the Global Deposit Agreement, and shall continue to deliver Deposited
Securities, together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect thereto and
the net proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for Receipts surrendered
to the Depositary (after deducting, in each case, the fee of the Depositary for the surrender of a
Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Owner of such Receipt in
- 20 -
accordance with the terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, and any applicable taxes
or governmental charges). At any time after the expiration of one year from the date of
termination, the Depositary may sell the Deposited Securities then held :under the
Global Deposit Agreement and may thereafter hold uninvested the net proceeds of any such sale,
together with any other cash then held by it under the Global Deposit Agreement, unsegregated and
without liability for interest, for the pro rata benefit of the Owners of Receipts which
have not theretofore been surrendered, such Owners thereupon becoming general creditors of the
Depositary with respect to such net proceeds. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be
discharged from all obligations under the Global Deposit Agreement, except to account for such net
proceeds and other cash (after deducting, in each case, the fee of the Depositary for the surrender
of a Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Owner of such Receipt in accordance with the
terms and conditions of the Global Deposit Agreement, and any applicable taxes or governmental
charges). Upon the termination of the Global Deposit Agreement, the Company shall be discharged
from all obligations under the Global Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the
Depositary under Sections 5.08 and 5.09 of the Global Deposit Agreement.
- 21 -
exv99w1
As Filed With The United States Securities and Exchange
Commission on November 7, 2005
Registration No. 333-123228
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 2 to
Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Spark Networks plc
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
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England and Wales |
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7375 |
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98-0200628 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) |
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number) |
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(IRS Employer
Identification Number) |
8383 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 800
Beverly Hills, CA 90211
(323) 836-3000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of Registrants principal executive offices)
David E. Siminoff
President and Chief Executive Officer
Spark Networks plc
8383 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 800
Beverly Hills, California 90211
Telephone: (323) 836-3000
Fax: (323) 836-3333
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Thomas J. Poletti, Esq.
Katherine J. Blair, Esq.
Anh Q. Tran, Esq.
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Nicholson Graham LLP
10100 Santa Monica Boulevard, 7th Floor
Los Angeles, California 90067
Telephone: (310) 552-5000
Fax: (310) 552-5001
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the
public: From time to time after this Registration Statement
is declared effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to
Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, please check
following box: þ
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act
of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same
offering: o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, please check
the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same
offering: o
If this form is a post effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act of 1933, please check
the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earliest effective registration
statement for the same
offering: o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to
Rule 434 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the
following
box: o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Maximum |
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Proposed Maximum |
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Amount to be |
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Offering Price |
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Aggregate Offering |
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Amount of |
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered |
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Registered(1) |
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Per Share(2) |
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Price |
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Registration Fee |
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Ordinary Shares, par value 1p per share(3)
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26,209,496 |
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$7.12 |
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$186,611,612 |
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$21,964 |
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Ordinary Shares, par value 1p per share(3)(4)
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7,025,000 |
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$7.12 |
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$50,018,000 |
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$5,887 |
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Total Registration Fee
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$27,851(5) |
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(1) |
In accordance with Rule 416(a), the Registrant is also
registering hereunder an indeterminate number of additional
shares of common stock that shall be issuable pursuant to
Rule 416 to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits,
stock dividends or similar transactions. |
(2) |
Estimated pursuant to Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, solely for the purpose of computing the amount
of the registration fee based on the average of the high and low
sales prices of the ordinary shares traded in the form of Global
Depositary Receipts, or GDRs, as reported by the Frankfurt Stock
Exchange in Germany on September 15, 2005. For purposes of
this calculation the sales price of the GDRs is converted into
U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of
0.81413 per
$1.00, which is based on the average bid and ask currency
exchange price as reported by OANDA on September 15, 2005. |
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(3) |
Consists of ordinary shares that are to be offered and sold in
the form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, by the selling
shareholders identified in this prospectus and any prospectus
supplement. The ADSs, each representing one ordinary share,
evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, upon deposit
of the ordinary shares registered hereby, are being registered
under a separate registration statement on Form F-6. |
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(4) |
Represents shares of the Registrants ordinary shares being
registered for resale that have been or may be acquired upon the
exercise of warrants or options issued to the selling
stockholders named in this prospectus and any prospectus
supplement. |
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(5) |
Previously paid. Pursuant to Rule 457(p), the registration
fee was partially offset by a previously paid filing fee of
$12,670 paid in connection with the filing on August 4,
2004 by MatchNet, Inc. of a registration statement on
Form S-1 (file number 333-117940). In addition,
$15,210 was also previously paid. |
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The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this Registration Statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration
Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission,
acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in
this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling
shareholders may not sell these securities until the Securities
and Exchange Commission declares our registration statement
effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these
securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Subject to completion, dated
November 7, 2005
33,234,496 American Depositary Shares
SPARK NETWORKS PLC
Representing 33,234,496 Ordinary Shares
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The selling shareholders identified in this prospectus and any
prospectus supplement are offering 33,234,496 ordinary shares in
the form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS
represents the right to receive one ordinary share. We will not
receive any proceeds from the sale of our shares by the selling
shareholders, except for funds received from the exercise of
warrants and options held by selling shareholders, if and when
exercised. |
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No public market for our ordinary shares or ADSs currently
exists in the United States of America. |
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Our ordinary shares in the form of Global Depositary Shares, or
GDSs, currently trade on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the
symbol MHJG. The last reported sales price of the
GDSs on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on November 3, 2005
was
5.65 per
GDS, or $6.86 per GDS. |
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Proposed trading symbol for the ADSs: American Stock
Exchange LOV. |
This investment involves risk. See Risk Factors
beginning on page 6.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor
any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of
anyones investment in these securities or determined if
this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to
the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus
is ,
2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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6 |
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31 |
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66 |
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85 |
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86 |
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93 |
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108 |
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110 |
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112 |
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119 |
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119 |
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120 |
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F-1 |
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II-1 |
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You should rely only on information contained in this
prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide
you with different information. This prospectus is not an offer
to sell, nor is it seeking an offer to buy, these securities in
any state where the offer or sale is not permitted. The
information in this prospectus is complete and accurate as of
the date on the front cover, but the information may have
changed since that date.
i
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights information continued elsewhere in
this prospectus and does not contain all the information you
should consider in your investment decision. You should read
this summary, which includes material information, with the more
detailed information set out in this prospectus and the
financial statements and related notes. You should carefully
consider, among other things, the matters discussed in
Risk Factors. We were incorporated in September 1998
under the laws of England and Wales as a public limited company.
Throughout this prospectus, we refer to Spark Networks plc
(known as MatchNet plc until January 10, 2005) and our
subsidiaries as we, us, our,
our company, Spark Networks and
MatchNet unless otherwise indicated. Spark Networks,
MatchNet, JDate, AmericanSingles and MingleMatch are our
trademarks. Trade names, trademarks and service marks of other
companies appearing in this prospectus are the property of the
respective holders.
Our Business
We are a leading provider of online personals services in the
United States and internationally. Our Web sites enable adults
to meet online and participate in a community, become friends,
date, form a long-term relationship or marry. We provide this
opportunity through the many features on our Web sites, such as
detailed profiles, onsite email centers, real-time chat rooms,
and instant messaging services. According to comScore Media
Metrix, we averaged approximately 3.6 million total unique
visitors per month to our Web sites in the United States during
the first six months of 2005, which ranked us as the third
largest provider of online personals services in the United
States in terms of total unique visitors. comScore Media Metrix
defines total unique visitors as the estimated
number of different individuals that visited any content of a
Web site, a category, a channel, or an application during the
reporting period. The number of total unique
visitors to our Web sites as measured by comScore Media
Metrix does not correspond to the number of members we have in
any given period. Currently, our key Web sites are JDate.com and
AmericanSingles.com. We operate several international Web sites
and maintain operations in both the United States and Israel.
Information regarding the geographical source of our revenues
can be found in our Consolidated Financial Statements included
in this prospectus. Membership on our sites is free and allows a
registered user to post a personal profile and to access our
searchable database of member profiles and our 24 hours a
day, 7 days a week customer service. The ability to
initiate most communication with other members requires the
payment of a monthly subscription fee, which represents our
primary source of revenue. Our subscription fees are charged on
a monthly basis, with discounts for longer-term subscriptions
ranging from three to twelve months, and subscriptions renew
automatically for subsequent one-month periods until paying
subscribers terminate them.
We believe that online personals fulfill significant needs for
Americas single adults who are looking to meet a companion
or date. Traditional methods such as printed personals
advertisements, offline dating services and public gathering
places often do not meet the needs of time-constrained single
people. Printed personals advertisements offer individuals
limited personal information and interaction before meeting.
Offline dating services are time-consuming, expensive and offer
a smaller number of potential partners. Public gathering places
such as restaurants, bars and social venues provide a limited
ability to learn about others prior to an in-person meeting. In
contrast, online personals services facilitate interaction
between singles by allowing them to screen and communicate with
a large number of potential companions. With features such as
detailed personal profiles, email and instant messaging, this
medium allows users to communicate with other singles at their
convenience and affords them the ability to meet multiple people
in a safe and secure online setting.
1
For the six month period ended June 30, 2005, we had
approximately 219,200 average paying subscribers, representing
an increase of 0.6% from the same period in 2004. Our JDate and
AmericanSingles segments had approximately 69,300 and 115,300
average paying subscribers for the six months ended
June 30, 2005, a decrease of 2.7% and 11.2%, respectively,
compared to the same period in 2004.
We intend to grow our business in the following ways:
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Increasing our base of members in the United States and
internationally through consistent and targeted marketing
efforts and geographic expansion. We define a member as an
individual who has posted a personal profile during the
immediately preceding 12 months or an individual who has
previously posted a personal profile and has subsequently logged
on to one of our Web sites at least once in the preceding
12 months. Members may or may not be paying subscribers
which we define as individuals who have paid a monthly fee for
access to communication and Web site features beyond those
provided to our members. Accordingly, the number of members we
have at any given time may not directly affect our revenue. |
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Increasing the number of our members who become paying
subscribers by offering improved technology and communications
features and by utilizing our strong customer service focus. |
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Extending into new vertical affinity markets that we believe
will be receptive to paid online personals and are large enough
to enable us to attain enough paying subscribers sufficient to
support an online community. We view vertical affinity markets
as identifiable groups of people who share common interests and
the desire to meet companions or dates with similar interests,
backgrounds or traits. |
Office Location
Our principal executive offices are located at 8383 Wilshire
Boulevard, Suite 800, Beverly Hills, California 90211. Our
telephone number at that location is (323) 836-3000. Our
registered office is located at 24/26 Arcadia Avenue,
N3 2JU, England. Our corporate Web site address is
www.spark.net. This is a textual reference only. We do not
incorporate the information on our Web site into this
prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or
that can be accessed through, our Web site as part of this
prospectus.
Our Securities
Our ordinary shares currently trade on the Frankfurt Stock
Exchange in the form of Global Depositary Shares, or GDSs, each
of which represents the right to receive one ordinary share. The
selling shareholders identified in this prospectus and any
prospectus supplement are offering 33,234,496 ordinary shares in
the form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, each of which
represents the right to receive one ordinary share. ADSs may be
issued to persons located in the United States and the selling
shareholders may sell their ordinary shares in the form of ADSs
after this registration statement is declared effective by the
Securities and Exchange Commission except during any time with
respect to which we inform those shareholders that this
registration statement may not be relied upon. Selling
shareholders that hold their ordinary shares in the form of GDSs
may offer and sell their shares in the United States by
surrendering those GDSs to our depositary bank, The Bank of New
York, and requesting the depositary bank to deliver ADSs to the
order of the purchaser. Once GDSs have been surrendered for
ordinary shares, the shares may not be re-deposited for GDSs
because the GDS facility has been closed to such re-deposits of
shares, and if and when all GDSs have been surrendered, we
2
intend to terminate our GDS deposit agreement such that our
ordinary shares will only be publicly traded in the form of ADSs.
We are registering the ordinary shares in the form of ADSs, and
not directly as ordinary shares, because an acquisition or
transfer of an ordinary share in the United States will trigger
a United Kingdom stamp duty, and such stamp duty is generally
not triggered when the sale or transfer of the ordinary shares
is effected in the form of ADSs. See Taxation on
page 108 for additional information regarding taxation of
our ordinary shares and ADSs.
The Offering
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ADSs offered by selling shareholders |
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33,234,496
ADSs(1) |
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Total ordinary shares outstanding after the offering, including
ordinary shares underlying ADSs and GDSs |
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26,209,496 Ordinary
Shares(2) |
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Use of Proceeds |
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We will not receive any of the net proceeds from the sale of
shares by the selling shareholders. See Use of
Proceeds. |
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Proposed American Stock Exchange symbol |
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LOV |
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(1) |
Consists of 26,209,496 ordinary shares, 6,595,000 ordinary
shares underlying options and 430,000 ordinary shares underlying
warrants. The ordinary shares are to be offered and sold in the
form of American Depositary Shares, or ADSs. The ADSs, each
representing one ordinary share, evidenced by American
Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, upon deposit of the ordinary
shares registered hereby, are being registered under a separate
registration statement on Form F-6. |
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(2) |
The total number of ordinary shares to be outstanding
immediately after this offering is based on 26,209,496 ordinary
shares outstanding as of October 19, 2005. This information
excludes: |
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8,760,688 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options as of October 19, 2005, with exercise
prices ranging from $0.88 to $9.44 per share and a weighted
average exercise price of $3.96 per share; |
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430,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants
outstanding as of October 19, 2005, with an exercise price
an exercise price of $2.49 per share; and |
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14,372,562 ordinary shares available for issuance under our
share option schemes. |
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3
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
The following summary consolidated financial data should be read
in conjunction with Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
and the consolidated financial statements, related notes, and
other financial information included herein.
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Six months ended | |
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Year ended December 31,(1) | |
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June 30,(1) | |
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2002 | |
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2003 | |
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2004 | |
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2004 | |
|
2005 | |
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(unaudited) | |
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(unaudited) | |
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(in thousands, except per share and paying subscriber data) | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
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Net revenues
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$ |
16,352 |
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$ |
36,941 |
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$ |
65,052 |
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$ |
30,862 |
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$ |
$31,990 |
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Direct marketing expenses
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5,396 |
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18,395 |
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31,240 |
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15,864 |
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11,279 |
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Contribution margin
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10,956 |
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18,546 |
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33,812 |
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14,998 |
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20,711 |
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Operating expenses:
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Indirect marketing
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403 |
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907 |
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2,451 |
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1,051 |
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503 |
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Customer service
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1,207 |
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2,536 |
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3,379 |
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|
1,878 |
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|
1,137 |
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Technical operations
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1,587 |
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4,341 |
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7,162 |
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3,318 |
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2,950 |
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Product development
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|
603 |
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959 |
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2,013 |
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|
871 |
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|
1,890 |
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General and administrative (excluding share-based
compensation)(2)
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|
7,996 |
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|
16,885 |
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27,727 |
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|
|
12,078 |
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|
|
12,512 |
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Share-based compensation
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|
|
1,871 |
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|
|
1,704 |
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|
|
2,401 |
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|
(28 |
) |
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Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
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|
|
524 |
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|
555 |
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|
860 |
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|
482 |
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|
|
411 |
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Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill
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|
|
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|
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1,532 |
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|
|
208 |
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|
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|
|
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Total operating expenses
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|
12,320 |
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|
|
29,586 |
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|
|
45,504 |
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|
|
22,079 |
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|
|
19,375 |
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Operating income (loss)
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|
|
(1,364 |
) |
|
|
(11,040 |
) |
|
|
(11,692 |
) |
|
|
(7,081 |
) |
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|
1,336 |
|
Interest (income) and other expenses, net
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|
|
(840 |
) |
|
|
(188 |
) |
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(524 |
) |
|
|
(10,852 |
) |
|
|
(11,626 |
) |
|
|
(7,113 |
) |
|
|
1,192 |
|
Provision for income taxes
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Net (loss) income
|
|
$ |
(524 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,852 |
) |
|
$ |
(11,627 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,114 |
) |
|
$ |
1,128 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income per share basic and
diluted(3)
|
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.57 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.51 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.33 |
) |
|
$ |
0.04 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
basic(3)
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|
|
18,460 |
|
|
|
18,970 |
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|
|
22,667 |
|
|
|
21,521 |
|
|
|
25,389 |
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
diluted(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,080 |
|
Other Financial Data:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
$ |
874 |
|
|
$ |
1,441 |
|
|
$ |
3,065 |
|
|
$ |
1,369 |
|
|
$ |
1,767 |
|
Additional Information:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Average paying
subscribers(4)
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|
|
58,700 |
|
|
|
125,800 |
|
|
|
226,100 |
|
|
|
217,900 |
|
|
|
219,200 |
|
4
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
|
$ |
7,755 |
|
|
$ |
5,815 |
|
|
$ |
7,423 |
|
|
$ |
8,292 |
|
Total assets
|
|
|
17,461 |
|
|
|
16,969 |
|
|
|
27,359 |
|
|
|
41,485 |
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
1,535 |
|
|
|
3,232 |
|
|
|
3,933 |
|
|
|
3,925 |
|
Capital lease obligations and notes payable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
487 |
|
|
|
1,873 |
|
|
|
11,978 |
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
3,998 |
|
|
|
11,659 |
|
|
|
16,872 |
|
|
|
26,340 |
|
Shares subject to
rescission(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,819 |
|
|
|
3,819 |
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(21,156 |
) |
|
|
(32,008 |
) |
|
|
(43,635 |
) |
|
|
(42,507 |
) |
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
13,463 |
|
|
|
5,310 |
|
|
|
6,668 |
|
|
|
11,326 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a
discussion of certain asset and business acquisitions. |
(2) |
In 2004, general and administrative expenses included an expense
of approximately $2.4 million related to an employee
severance, $2.1 million related to the United States
initial public offering of MatchNet, Inc. that was planned for
mid-2004, but which was withdrawn shortly after the related
registration statement was filed in the third quarter of 2004,
as well as one legal settlement resulting in the recognition of
$900,000 in expenses in the third quarter and two legal
settlements resulting in the recognition of $2.1 million in
expenses in the fourth quarter of 2004. In 2003, general and
administrative expenses included a charge of $1.7 million
primarily related to a settlement with Comdisco. |
(3) |
For information regarding the computation of per share amounts,
refer to note 1 of our consolidated financial statements. |
(4) |
Average paying subscribers for each month are calculated as the
sum of the paying subscribers at the beginning and the end of
the month, divided by two. Average paying subscribers for
periods longer than one month are calculated as the sum of the
average paying subscribers for each month, divided by the number
of months in such period. Additionally, refer to
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations for a discussion of
other business metrics we use to evaluate our business. |
(5) |
Under our 2000 Executive Share Option Scheme (2000 Option
Scheme), we granted options to purchase ordinary shares to
certain of our employees, directors and consultants. The
issuances of securities upon exercise of options granted under
our 2000 Option Scheme may not have been exempt from
registration and qualification under federal and California
state securities laws, and as a result, we may have potential
liability to those employees, directors and consultants to whom
we issued securities upon the exercise of these options. In
order to address that issue, we may elect to make a rescission
offer to those persons who exercised all, or a portion, of those
options and continue to hold the shares issued upon exercise, to
give them the opportunity to rescind the issuance of those
shares. However, the staff of the Securities and Exchange
Commission is of the opinion that a rescission offer will not
bar or extinguish any liability under the Securities Act of 1933
with respect to these options and shares, nor will a rescission
offer extinguish a holders right to rescind the issuance
of securities that were not registered or exempt from the
registration requirements under the Securities Act of 1933. As
of June 30, 2005, assuming every eligible person that
continues to hold the securities issued upon exercise of options
granted under the 2000 Option Scheme were to accept a rescission
offer, we estimate the total cost to us to complete the
rescission would be approximately $3.8 million including
statutory interest at 7% per annum, accrued since the date
of exercise of the options. The rescission acquisition price is
calculated as equal to the original exercise price paid by the
optionee to our company upon exercise of their option. |
Presentation of Financial Information
We report our financial statements in U.S. dollars and
prepare our financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States. In this
prospectus, except where otherwise indicated, references to
$ or U.S. dollars are to the lawful
currency of the United States, references to
or
euro are to the single currency of the European
Union, and references to £ or pound
sterling are to the currency of the United Kingdom. Unless
otherwise noted, the exercise prices of options and warrants as
outstanding on June 30, 2005 noted in this prospectus are
presented on an as converted basis into U.S. dollars at an
exchange rate of
0.82898 per
$1.00 or £ 0.55426 per $1.00, each of which is
based on the average bid and ask exchange price as reported by
OANDA for the day June 30, 2005. The exercise prices of
options and warrants as outstanding on August 31, 2005
utilize the exchange rate as of October 19, 2005, which as
0.83612 per
$1.00.
5
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described below
together with all of the other information included in this
prospectus and the related registration statement before making
an investment decision. The risks described below are the
material risks that we are currently aware of that are facing
our company. In addition, other sections of this prospectus may
include additional factors that could adversely impact our
business and operating results. If any of the following risks
actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of
operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case,
the trading price of our ordinary shares, in the form of ADSs,
would decline and you may lose all or part of your
investment.
Risks Related To Our Business
We have significant operating losses and we may incur
additional losses in the future.
We have historically generated significant operating losses. As
of June 30, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $42.5 million. We had net income of
approximately $1.1 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2005 and a loss of $11.6 million for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. We also had negative
operating cash flow in 2004. We expect that our operating
expenses will continue to increase during the next several years
as a result of the promotion of our services, the hiring of
additional key personnel, the expansion of our operations,
including the launch of new Web sites, and entering into
acquisitions, strategic alliances and joint ventures. If our
revenues do not grow at a substantially faster rate than these
expected increases in our expenses or if our operating expenses
are higher than we anticipate, we may not be profitable and we
may incur additional losses, which could be significant.
Our limited operating history and relatively new business
model in an emerging and rapidly evolving market makes it
difficult to evaluate our future prospects.
We derive nearly all of our net revenues from online
subscription fees for our services, which is an early-stage
business model for us that has undergone, and continues to
experience, rapid and dramatic changes. As a result, we have
very little operating history for you to evaluate in assessing
our future prospects. You must consider our business and
prospects in light of the risks and difficulties we will
encounter as an early-stage company in a new and rapidly
evolving market. Our performance will depend on the continued
acceptance and evolution of online personal services and other
factors addressed herein. We may not be able to effectively
assess or address the evolving risks and difficulties present in
the market, which could threaten our capacity to continue
operations successfully in the future.
If our efforts to attract a large number of members, convert
members into paying subscribers and retain our paying
subscribers are not successful, our revenues and operating
results would suffer.
Our future growth depends on our ability to attract a large
number of members, convert members into paying subscribers and
retain our paying subscribers. This in turn depends on our
ability to deliver a high-quality online personals experience to
these members and paying subscribers. As a result, we must
continue to invest significant resources in order to enhance our
existing products and services and introduce new high-quality
products and services that people will use. If we are unable to
predict user preferences or industry changes, or if we are
unable to modify our products and services on a timely basis, we
may lose existing members and paying subscribers and may fail to
attract new members and paying subscribers. Our revenue and
expenses would also be adversely affected if our innovations are
not responsive to the needs of our members and paying
subscribers or are not brought to market in an effective or
timely manner.
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Our subscriber acquisition costs vary depending upon
prevailing market conditions and may increase significantly in
the future.
Costs for us to acquire paying subscribers are dependent, in
part, upon our ability to purchase advertising at a reasonable
cost. Our advertising costs vary over time, depending upon a
number of factors, many of which are beyond our control.
Historically, we have used online advertising as the primary
means of marketing our services.
In general, the costs of online advertising have recently
increased substantially and we expect those costs to continue to
increase as long as the demand for online advertising remains
robust. If we are not able to reduce our other operating costs,
increase our paying subscriber base or increase revenue per
paying subscriber to offset these anticipated increases, our
profitability will be adversely affected.
Competition presents an ongoing threat to the performance of
our business.
We expect competition in the online personals business to
continue to increase because there are no substantial barriers
to entry. For example, an article in the USA Today stated
that there are signs of fierce competition among online
personals sites, and that an Internet tracking firm found that
the number of online personals sites it monitors had reached 836
in February 2005, up from 611 in January 2004. We believe that
our ability to compete depends upon many factors both within and
beyond our control, including the following:
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the size and diversity of our member and paying subscriber bases; |
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the timing and market acceptance of our products and services,
including the developments and enhancements to those products
and services relative to those offered by our competitors; |
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customer service and support efforts; |
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selling and marketing efforts; and |
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our brand strength in the marketplace relative to our
competitors. |
We compete with traditional personals services, as well as
newspapers, magazines and other traditional media companies that
provide personals services. We compete with a number of large
and small companies, including Internet portals and
specialty-focused media companies that provide online and
offline products and services to the markets we serve. Our
principal online personals services competitors include Yahoo!
Personals, Match.com, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
InterActiveCorp., and eHarmony, all of which operate primarily
in North America. In addition, we face competition from social
networking Web sites such as MySpace and Friendster. Many of our
current and potential competitors have longer operating
histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing
and other resources and larger customer bases than we do. These
factors may allow our competitors to respond more quickly than
we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer
requirements. These competitors may engage in more extensive
research and development efforts, undertake more far-reaching
marketing campaigns and adopt more aggressive pricing policies
which may allow them to build larger member and paying
subscriber bases than we have. Our competitors may develop
products or services that are equal or superior to our products
and services or that achieve greater market acceptance than our
products and services. These activities could attract members
and paying subscribers away from our Web sites and reduce our
market share.
In addition, current and potential competitors are making, and
are expected to continue to make, strategic acquisitions or
establishing cooperative and, in some cases, exclusive
relationships with significant companies or competitors to
expand their businesses or to offer more comprehensive products
and services. To the extent these competitors or potential
competitors establish exclusive relationships with major
portals, search engines and Internet service providers, or ISPs,
our ability to reach potential members through online
advertising may be restricted. Any of these competitors could
7
cause us difficulty in attracting and retaining members and
converting members into paying subscribers and could jeopardize
our existing affiliate program and relationships with portals,
search engines, ISPs and other Web properties.
Our efforts to capitalize upon opportunities to expand into
new vertical affinity markets may fail and could result in a
loss of capital and other valuable resources.
One of our strategies is to expand into new vertical affinity
markets to increase our revenue base. We view vertical affinity
markets as identifiable groups of people who share common
interests and the desire to meet companions or dates with
similar interests, backgrounds or traits. Our planned expansion
into such vertical affinity markets will occupy our
managements time and attention and will require us to
invest significant capital resources. The results of our
expansion efforts into new vertical affinity markets are
unpredictable, and there is no guarantee that our efforts will
have a positive effect on our revenue base. We face many risks
associated with our planned expansion into new vertical affinity
markets, including but not limited to the following:
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competition from pre-existing competitors with significantly
stronger brand recognition in the markets we enter; |
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our improper evaluations of the potential of such markets; |
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diversion of capital and other valuable resources away from our
core business and other opportunities that are potentially more
profitable; and |
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weakening our current brands by over expansion into too many new
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If we fail to keep pace with rapid technological change, our
competitive position will suffer.
We operate in a market characterized by rapidly changing
technologies, evolving industry standards, frequent new product
and service announcements, enhancements and changing customer
demands. Accordingly, our performance will depend on our ability
to adapt to rapidly changing technologies and industry
standards, and our ability to continually improve the speed,
performance, features, ease of use and reliability of our
services in response to both evolving demands of the marketplace
and competitive service and product offerings. There have been
occasions when we have not been as responsive as many of our
competitors in adapting our services to changing industry
standards and the needs of our members and paying subscribers.
Our industry has been subject to constant innovation and
competition. Historically, new features may be introduced by one
competitor, and if they are perceived as attractive to users,
they are often copied later by others. Over the last few years,
such new feature introductions in the industry have included
instant messaging, message boards, ecards, personality profiles,
and mobile content delivery. We are currently unable to deliver
mobile features until completion of our new system architecture.
Introducing new technologies into our systems involves numerous
technical challenges, substantial amounts of capital and
personnel resources and often takes many months to complete. We
intend to continue to devote efforts and funds toward the
development of additional technologies and services. For
example, in 2003 and 2004 we introduced a number of new Web
sites and features, and we anticipate the introduction of
additional Web sites and features in 2005 and 2006. We may not
be able to effectively integrate new technologies into our Web
sites on a timely basis or at all, which may degrade the
responsiveness and speed of our Web sites. Such technologies,
even if integrated, may not function as expected.
Our business depends on establishing and maintaining strong
brands and if we are not able to maintain and enhance our
brands, we may be unable to expand or maintain our member and
paying subscriber bases.
We believe that establishing and maintaining our brands is
critical to our efforts to attract and expand our member and
paying subscriber bases. We believe that the importance of brand
recognition will
8
continue to increase, given the growing number of Internet sites
and the low barriers to entry for companies offering online
personals services. For example, an article in the USA Today
stated that there are signs of fierce competition among online
personals sites, and that an Internet tracking firm found that
the number of online personals sites it monitors had reached 836
in February 2005, up from 611 in January 2004. To attract and
retain members and paying subscribers, and to promote and
maintain our brands in response to competitive pressures, we
intend to substantially increase our financial commitment to
creating and maintaining distinct brand loyalty among these
groups. If visitors, members and paying subscribers to our Web
sites and our affiliate and distribution associates do not
perceive our existing services to be of high quality, or if we
introduce new services or enter into new business ventures that
are not favorably received by such parties, the value of our
brands could be diluted, thereby decreasing the attractiveness
of our Web sites to such parties. In addition, we changed our
corporate name in January 2005 from MatchNet plc to Spark
Networks plc, however, we did not change the names of our
Web sites or brand names. Our adoption of a new corporate name
may prevent us from taking advantage of goodwill that potential
and existing customers may have associated with our old
corporate name. As a result, our results of operations may be
adversely affected by decreased brand recognition.
We may have potential liability under California state and
federal securities laws with respect to the grant of share
options to certain of our employees, directors and consultants
and the exercise of these options.
Under our 2000 Executive Share Option Scheme (2000 Option
Scheme), we granted options to purchase ordinary shares to
certain of our employees, directors and consultants. California
state securities laws generally require qualification for the
offer and sale of securities subject to California law. Under
California law, the grant of an option constitutes a sale of the
underlying shares at the time of the option grant and not at the
exercise of the option. Our option grants were not qualified and
may not have been exempt from qualification under California
state securities laws. As a result, we may have potential
liability to those employees, directors and consultants to whom
we granted options under the 2000 Option Scheme. In order to
address that issue, we may elect to make a rescission offer to
the holders of outstanding options under the 2000 Option Scheme
to give them the opportunity to rescind the grant of their
options.
As of June 30, 2005, assuming every eligible optionee were
to accept a rescission offer, we estimate the total cost to us
to complete the rescission would be approximately
$4.0 million including statutory interest at 7% per
annum. These amounts reflect the costs of offering to rescind
the issuance of the outstanding options by paying an amount
equal to 20% of the aggregate exercise price for the entire
option.
In addition, issuances of securities upon exercise of options
granted under our 2000 Option Scheme may not have been exempt
from registration and qualification under California state
securities laws as a result of the option grants themselves and
also may not have been exempt from registration under federal
securities laws. Federal securities laws prohibit the offer or
sale of securities unless the sales are registered or exempt
from registration. The issuances of ordinary shares upon the
exercise of our options were not registered and may not have
been exempt from registration under California state and federal
securities laws. As a result, we may have potential liability to
those employees, directors and consultants to whom we issued
securities upon the exercise of these options. In order to
address that issue, we may elect to make a rescission offer to
those persons who exercised all, or a portion, of those options
and continue to hold the shares issued upon exercise, to give
them the opportunity to rescind the issuance of those shares.
As of June 30, 2005, assuming every eligible person that
continues to hold the securities issued upon exercise of options
granted under the 2000 Option Scheme were to accept a rescission
offer, we estimate the total cost to us to complete the
rescission would be approximately $3.8 million including
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statutory interest at 7% per annum, accrued since the date
of exercise of the options. These amounts are calculated by
reference to the acquisition price of the Option Shares.
A holder could argue that this process does not represent an
adequate remedy for issuance of an option and securities issued
upon exercise of an option in violation of California state or
federal securities laws and, if a court were to impose a greater
remedy, our financial exposure could be greater. In addition, it
is the Securities and Exchange Commissions position that a
rescission offer will not bar or extinguish any liability under
the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to these options and
shares, nor will a rescission offer extinguish a holders
right to rescind the issuance of securities that were not
registered or exempt from the registration requirements under
the Securities Act of 1933. If any or all of the holders reject
or fail to respond to our rescission offer, the holders will
keep their options and securities and we may continue to be
liable under federal and California state securities laws for up
to an amount equal to the value of the options and securities
granted or issued plus any statutory interest we may be required
to pay. Further, claims or actions based on fraud may not be
waived or barred pursuant to a rescission offer and there can be
no assurance that we will be able to enforce any waivers that we
may receive in connection with the rescission offer in order to
bar such claims or other causes of action until the applicable
statute of limitations has run. In addition, despite a
rescission offer, whether accepted or not, if it is determined
that we offered securities without properly registering them
under federal or state law, or securing an exemption from
registration, regulators could impose monetary fines or other
sanctions as provided under these laws.
In addition, we are required to obtain approval from an English
court and 75% of our outstanding shares in order to effect a
rescission offer, and if we fail to obtain such approvals, we
would not be able to attempt to address our potential liability
under California state and federal securities laws through a
rescission offer. For the purposes of English company law, a
rescission offer in respect of our shares would take the form of
a purchase by our company of the relevant shares. The Companies
Act 1985 (Companies Act) provides that we may only
purchase our own shares using our distributable
profits (as defined by the Companies Act) or the proceeds
from the issuance of new shares for that purpose. Due to the
deficit on our profit and loss account as a consequence of our
previous accumulated losses, we do not currently have sufficient
distributable profits to effect the rescission offer with
respect to the shares. However, under the Companies Act, if we
receive the approval of our shareholders and the High Court of
Justice in England and Wales (the Court), we can
reduce the deficit on the profit and loss account on our balance
sheet by effecting a reduction of our share premium account and
offsetting the amount of such reduction against the deficit on
the profit and loss account. This process is known as a
share premium reduction. The share premium reduction
must be approved by at least 75% of the shares held by the
shareholders that vote on the resolution and by the Court. In
order to satisfy the Court that our creditors will be properly
protected we propose to give an undertaking to the Court to
transfer to a special non-distributable reserve (the
Special Reserve) the excess of the amount of the
reduction of share premium account over the deficit on our
profit and loss account at the date when the reduction of
capital takes effect (the Effective Date) and not to
distribute the Special Reserve until all of our creditors as at
the Effective Date are paid off or have otherwise consented to
the reduction of capital. Any profits made prior to the
Effective Date will be credited to the Special Reserve and will
not be distributable unless and until all of our creditors as of
the Effective Date have been paid off or have otherwise
consented to the reduction of capital. In addition to
shareholder approval of the share premium reduction, we would be
required to obtain prior approval from 75% of votes cast by our
shareholders of any purchase contract that we enter to purchase
Option Shares from parties that accept our rescission offer. If
we fail to obtain approval from the Court and at least 75% of
our outstanding shares for the share premium reduction or 75% of
votes cast approving a purchase contract, we would not be able
to attempt to address our potential liability under California
state and federal securities laws through a rescission offer and
remain subject to the risk described in this risk factor.
10
We have terminated and no longer grant options under our 2000
Option Scheme, but options previously granted under the 2000
Option Scheme remain in full force and effect. We intend to file
a registration statement on Form S-8 to cover the issuance
of future shares upon exercise of presently unexercised options
under the 2000 Option Scheme.
If we are unable to attract, retain and motivate key
personnel or hire qualified personnel, or such personnel do not
work well together, our growth prospects and profitability will
be harmed.
Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts
of highly skilled individuals. We have recently recruited many
of our directors, executive officers and other key management
talent, some of which have limited or no experience in the
online personals industry. For example, David E. Siminoff, our
President and Chief Executive Officer, joined us in August 2004
and each of our Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer
and General Counsel, and Chief Technology Officer joined us in
October 2004. Because members of our executive management have
only worked together as a team for a limited time, there are
inherent risks in the management of our company with respect to
decision-making, business direction, product development and
strategic relationships. In the event that the members of our
executive management team are unable to work well together or
agree on operating principles, business direction or business
transactions or are unable to provide cohesive leadership, our
business could be harmed and one or more of those individuals
may discontinue their service to our company, and we would be
forced to find a suitable replacement. The loss of any of our
management or key personnel could seriously harm our business.
Furthermore, we have recently experienced significant turnover
on our board of directors. We currently have seven members
serving on our board of directors. Since October 2004, we have
had two directors resign from our board of directors and five
directors join our board of directors. Alon Carmel, one of our
companys co-founders and co-chairmen, resigned from his
position in February 2005 to pursue other entrepreneurial and
philanthropic interests.
In August 2004, we initiated a cost reduction program and
terminated the employment of 40 full-time and temporary
employees, and, as a result, our future recruiting efforts may
become more difficult. We may also encounter difficulties in
recruiting personnel as we become a more mature company in a
competitive industry. Competition in our industry for personnel
is intense, and we are aware that our competitors have directly
targeted our employees. We do not have non-competition
agreements with most employees and, even in cases where we do,
these agreements are of limited enforceability in California. We
also do not maintain any key-person life insurance policies on
our executives. The incentives to attract, retain and motivate
employees provided by our option grants or by future
arrangements, such as cash bonuses, may not be as effective as
they have been in the past. If we do not succeed in attracting
necessary personnel or retaining and motivating existing
personnel, we may be unable to grow effectively.
Our inability to effectively manage our growth could have a
materially adverse effect on our profitability.
We have experienced rapid growth since inception. The growth and
expansion of our business and service offerings places a
continuous significant strain on our management, operational and
financial resources. We are required to manage multiple
relations with various strategic associates, technology
licensors, members, paying subscribers and other third parties.
In the event of further growth of our operations or in the
number of our third-party relationships, our computer systems or
procedures may not be adequate to support our operations and our
management may not be able to manage such growth effectively. To
effectively manage our growth, we must continue to implement and
improve our operational, financial and management information
systems and to expand, train and manage our employee base. If we
fail to do so, our management, operational and financial
resources could be overstrained and adversely impacted.
11
We expect our growth rates to decline and our operating
margins could deteriorate.
We believe our revenue growth rate will decline as our net
revenues increase to higher levels and as the growth of the
online personals industry begins to slow. We have seen a decline
in our growth rates during the latter stages of 2004 and first
half of 2005. A February 2005 report by Jupiter Research
forecasts the online personals industry will experience single
digit growth in 2005 as compared to 77% growth in 2003. It is
possible that our operating margins will deteriorate if revenue
growth does not exceed planned increases in expenditures for all
aspects of our business in an increasingly competitive
environment, including sales and marketing, general and
administrative and technical operations expenses.
Our business depends on our server and network hardware and
software and our ability to obtain network capacity; our current
safeguard systems may be inadequate to prevent an interruption
in the availability of our services.
The performance of our server and networking hardware and
software infrastructure is critical to our business and
reputation, to our ability to attract visitors and members to
our Web sites, to convert them into paying subscribers and to
retain paying subscribers. An unexpected and/or substantial
increase in the use of our Web sites could strain the capacity
of our systems, which could lead to a slower response time or
system failures. Although we have not yet experienced many
significant delays, any future slowdowns or system failures
could adversely affect the speed and responsiveness of our Web
sites and would diminish the experience for our visitors,
members and paying subscribers. We face risks related to our
ability to scale up to our expected customer levels while
maintaining superior performance. If the usage of our Web sites
substantially increases, we may need to purchase additional
servers and networking equipment and services to maintain
adequate data transmission speeds, the availability of which may
be limited or the cost of which may be significant. Any system
failure that causes an interruption in service or a decrease in
the responsiveness of our Web sites could reduce traffic on our
Web sites and, if sustained or repeated, could impair our
reputation and the attractiveness of our brands as well as
reduce revenue and negatively impact our operating results.
Furthermore, we rely on many different hardware systems and
software applications, some of which have been developed
internally. If these hardware systems or software applications
fail, it would adversely affect our ability to provide our
services. If we are unable to protect our data from loss or
electronic or magnetic corruption, or if we receive a
significant unexpected increase in usage and are not able to
rapidly expand our transaction-processing systems and network
infrastructure without any systems interruptions, it could
seriously harm our business and reputation. We have experienced
occasional systems interruptions in the past as a result of
unexpected increases in usage, and we cannot assure you that we
will not incur similar or more serious interruptions in the
future. From time to time, our company and our Web sites have
been subject to delays and interruptions due to software
viruses, or variants thereof, such as internet worms. To date,
we have not experienced delays or systems interruptions that
have had a material impact on our business.
In addition, we do not currently have adequate disaster recovery
systems in place, which means in the event of any catastrophic
failure involving our Web sites, we may be unable to serve our
Web traffic for a significant period of time. Our servers
primarily operate from only a single site in Southern California
and the absence of a backup site could exacerbate this
disruption. Any system failure, including network, software or
hardware failure, that causes an interruption in the delivery of
our Web sites and services or a decrease in responsiveness of
our services would result in reduced visitor traffic, reduced
revenue and would adversely affect our reputation and brands.
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The failure to establish and maintain affiliate agreements
and relationships could limit the growth of our business.
We have entered into, and expect to continue to enter into,
arrangements with affiliates to increase our member and paying
subscribers bases, bring traffic to our Web sites and enhance
our brands. Pursuant to our arrangements, an affiliate generally
advertises or promotes our Web site on its Web site, and earns a
fee whenever visitors to its Web site click though the
advertisement to one of our Web sites and registers or
subscribes on our Web site. Affiliate arrangements constitute
over half of our marketing program. These affiliate arrangements
are easily cancelable, often with one day notice. We do not
typically have any exclusivity arrangements with our affiliates,
and some of our affiliates may also be affiliates for our
competitors. None of these affiliates, individually, represents
a material portion of our revenue. If any of our current
affiliate agreements is terminated, we may not be able to
replace the terminated agreement with an equally beneficial
arrangement. We cannot assure you that we will be able to renew
any of our current agreements when they terminate or, if we are
able to do so, that such renewals will be available on
acceptable terms. We also do not know whether we will be able to
enter into additional agreements or that any relationships, if
entered into, will be on terms favorable to us.
We rely on a number of third-party providers and their
failure or unwillingness to continue to perform could harm
us.
We rely on third parties to provide important services and
technologies to us, including a third party that manages and
monitors our offsite data center located in Southern California,
ISPs, search engine marketing providers and credit card
processors. In addition, we license technologies from third
parties to facilitate our ability to provide our services. Any
failure on our part to comply with the terms of these licenses
could result in the loss of our rights to continue using the
licensed technology, and we could experience difficulties
obtaining licenses for alternative technologies. Furthermore,
any failure of these third parties to provide these and other
services, or errors, failures, interruptions or delays
associated with licensed technologies, could significantly harm
our business. Any financial or other difficulties our providers
face may have negative effects on our business, the nature and
extent of which we cannot predict. Except to the extent of the
terms of our contracts with such third party providers, we
exercise little or no control over them, which increases our
vulnerability to problems with the services and technologies
they provide and license to us. In addition, if any fees charged
by third-party providers were to substantially increase, such as
if ISPs began charging us for email sent by our paying
subscribers to other members or paying subscribers, we could
incur significant additional losses.
If we fail to develop or maintain an effective system of
internal controls over financial reporting, we may not be able
to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. As
a result, current and potential shareholders could lose
confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm the
value of our shares.
Effective internal controls over financial reporting are
necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports,
effectively prevent fraud and operate as a public company. If we
cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our
reputation and operating results would be harmed. We have, in
the past, discovered and may, in the future, discover areas of
our internal controls over financial reporting that need
improvement. For example, during our audit of 2003 results, our
external auditors brought to our attention a need to restate
2001 and 2002 results and also noted, in a letter to management,
certain conditions involving internal controls and operations,
none of which were a material weakness.
If we become a U.S. public company, we will be subject to
the reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Beginning December 31, 2006, we will be required to
annually assess and report on our internal controls over
financial reporting. If we are unable to adequately establish or
improve
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our internal controls over financial reporting, we may report
that our internal controls are ineffective and our external
auditors will not be able to issue an unqualified opinion on the
effectiveness of our internal controls. Ineffective internal
controls over financial reporting could also cause investors to
lose confidence in our reported financial information, which
would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of our
securities or could affect our ability to access the capital
markets and which could result in regulatory proceedings against
us by, among others, the U.S. Securities Exchange
Commission.
We face risks related to our recent accounting restatements,
which could result in costly litigation or regulatory
proceedings against us.
Our ordinary shares in the form of GDSs trade on the Frankfurt
Stock Exchange in Germany. Pursuant to the laws governing this
exchange, we publicly report our quarterly and annual operating
results. On April 28, 2004, we publicly announced that we
had discovered accounting inaccuracies in previously reported
financial statements. As a result, following consultation with
our new auditors, we restated our financial statements for the
nine months ended September 30, 2003 and for each of the
years ended December 31, 2001 and 2002 to correct
inappropriate accounting entries.
The restatements primarily related to the timing of recognition
of deferred revenue and the capitalization of bounty costs,
which are the amounts paid to online marketers to acquire
members. The restatements are in accordance with United States
generally accepted accounting principles and pertain primarily
to timing matters and had no impact on cash flow from operations
or our ongoing operations. The impact on net loss for 2001 and
2002 was an increase of $1.5 million and $1.0 million,
respectively.
The restatement of the financial statements may lead to
litigation claims and/or regulatory proceedings against us. The
defense of any such claims or proceedings may cause the
diversion of managements attention and resources, and we
may be required to pay damages if any such claims or proceedings
are not resolved in our favor. Any litigation or regulatory
proceeding, even if resolved in our favor, could cause us to
incur significant legal and other expenses. Moreover, we may be
the subject of negative publicity focusing on the financial
statement inaccuracies and resulting restatement. The occurrence
of any of the foregoing could divert our resources, harm our
reputation and cause the price of our securities to decline.
Acquisitions could result in operating difficulties, dilution
and other harmful consequences.
In May 2005, we acquired MingleMatch, Inc., and we plan, during
the next few years, to further extend and develop our presence,
both within the United States and internationally, partially
through acquisitions of entities offering online personals
services and related businesses. We have limited experience
acquiring companies and the companies we have acquired have been
small. We have evaluated, and continue to evaluate, a wide array
of potential strategic transactions. From time to time, we may
engage in discussions regarding potential acquisitions, some of
which may divert significant resources away from our daily
operations. In addition, the process of integrating an acquired
company, business or technology is risky and may create
unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. For example,
we have been engaged in significant litigation in the past, but
which has since settled, with respect to our acquisition of
SocialNet, Inc. in 2001. Some areas where we may face risks
include:
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the need to implement or remediate controls, procedures and
policies of acquired companies that lacked appropriate controls,
procedures and policies prior to the acquisition; |
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diversion of management time and focus from operating our
business to acquisition integration challenges; |
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cultural challenges associated with integrating employees from
an acquired company into our organization; |
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retaining employees from the businesses we acquire; and |
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the need to integrate each companys accounting, management
information, human resource and other administrative systems to
permit effective management. |
The anticipated benefit of many of our acquisitions may not
materialize. Future acquisitions could result in potentially
dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of
debt, contingent liabilities or amortization expenses, or
write-offs, any of which could harm our financial condition.
Future acquisitions may require us to obtain additional equity
or debt financing, which may not be available on favorable terms
or at all.
We may not be effective in protecting our Internet domain
names or proprietary rights upon which our business relies or in
avoiding claims that we infringe upon the proprietary rights of
others.
We regard substantial elements of our Web sites and the
underlying technology as proprietary, and attempt to protect
them by relying on trademark, service mark, copyright, patent
and trade secret laws, and restrictions on disclosure and
transferring title and other methods. We also generally enter
into confidentiality agreements with our employees and
consultants, and generally seek to control access to and
distribution of our technology, documentation and other
proprietary information. Despite these precautions, it may be
possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use
our proprietary information without authorization or to develop
similar or superior technology independently. Effective
trademark, service mark, copyright, patent and trade secret
protection may not be available in every country in which our
services are distributed or made available through the Internet,
and policing unauthorized use of our proprietary information is
difficult. Any such misappropriation or development of similar
or superior technology by third parties could adversely impact
our profitability and our future financial results.
We believe that our Web sites, services, trademarks, patent and
other proprietary technologies do not infringe upon the rights
of third parties. However, there can be no assurance that our
business activities do not and will not infringe upon the
proprietary rights of others, or that other parties will not
assert infringement claims against us. We are aware that other
parties utilize the Spark name, or other marks that
incorporate it, and those parties may have rights to such marks
that are superior to ours. From time to time, we have been, and
expect to continue to be, subject to claims in the ordinary
course of business including claims of alleged infringement of
the trademarks, service marks and other intellectual property
rights of third parties by us. Although such claims have not
resulted in any significant litigation or had a material adverse
effect on our business to date, any such claims and resultant
litigation might subject us to temporary injunctive restrictions
on the use of our products, services or brand names and could
result in significant liability for damages for intellectual
property infringement, require us to enter into royalty
agreements, or restrict us from using infringing software,
services, trademarks, patents or technologies in the future.
Even if not meritorious, such litigation could be time-consuming
and expensive and could result in the diversion of
managements time and attention away from our day-to-day
business.
We currently hold various Web domain names relating to our
brands and in the future may acquire new Web domain names. The
regulation of domain names in the United States and in foreign
countries is subject to change. Governing bodies may establish
additional top level domains, appoint additional domain name
registrars or modify the requirements for holding domain names.
As a result, we may be unable to acquire or maintain relevant
domain names in all countries in which we conduct business.
Furthermore, the relationship between regulations governing
domain names and laws protecting trademarks and similar
proprietary rights is unclear. We may be unable to prevent third
parties from acquiring domain names that are similar to,
infringe upon or otherwise decrease the value of our existing
trademarks and other proprietary rights or those we may seek to
acquire. Any such inability to protect ourselves could cause us
to lose a significant portion of our members and paying
subscribers to our competitors.
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We may face potential liability, loss of users and damage to
our reputation for violation of our privacy policy or privacy
laws and regulations.
Our privacy policy prohibits the sale or disclosure to any third
party of any members personal identifying information,
except to the extent expressly set forth in the policy. Growing
public concern about privacy and the collection, distribution
and use of information about individuals may subject us to
increased regulatory scrutiny and/or litigation. In the past,
the Federal Trade Commission has investigated companies that
have used personally identifiable information without permission
or in violation of a stated privacy policy. If we are accused of
violating the stated terms of our privacy policy, we may be
forced to expend significant amounts of financial and managerial
resources to defend against these accusations and we may face
potential liability. Our membership database holds confidential
information concerning our members, and we could be sued if any
of that information is misappropriated or if a court determines
that we have failed to protect that information.
In addition, our affiliates handle personally identifiable
information pertaining to our members and paying subscribers.
Both we and our affiliates are subject to laws and regulations
related to Internet communications (including the CAN-SPAM Act
of 2003), consumer protection, advertising, privacy, security,
and data protection. If we or our affiliates are found to be in
violation of these laws and regulations, we may become subject
to administrative fines or litigation, which could materially
increase our expenses and cause the value of our securities to
decline.
We may be liable as a result of information retrieved from or
transmitted over the Internet.
We may be sued for defamation, civil rights infringement,
negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, invasion of
privacy, personal injury, product liability or under other legal
theories relating to information that is published or made
available on our Web sites and the other sites linked to it.
These types of claims have been brought, sometimes successfully,
against online services in the past. We also offer email
services, which may subject us to potential risks, such as
liabilities or claims resulting from unsolicited email or
spamming, lost or misdirected messages, security breaches,
illegal or fraudulent use of email or personal information or
interruptions or delays in email service. Our insurance does not
specifically provide for coverage of these types of claims and,
therefore, may be inadequate to protect us against them. In
addition, we could incur significant costs in investigating and
defending such claims, even if we ultimately are not held
liable. If any of these events occurs, our revenues could be
materially adversely affected or we could incur significant
additional expense, and the market price of our securities may
decline.
Our quarterly results may fluctuate because of many factors
and, as a result, investors should not rely on quarterly
operating results as indicative of future results.
Fluctuations in operating results or the failure of operating
results to meet the expectations of public market analysts and
investors may negatively impact the value of our ordinary shares
and depositary shares. Quarterly operating results may fluctuate
in the future due to a variety of factors that could affect
revenues or expenses in any particular quarter. Fluctuations in
quarterly operating results could cause the value of our
securities to decline. Investors should not rely on
quarter-to-quarter comparisons of results of operations as an
indication of future performance. Factors that may affect our
quarterly results include:
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the demand for, and acceptance of, our online personals services
and enhancements to these services; |
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the timing and amount of our subscription revenues; |
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the introduction, development, timing, competitive pricing and
market acceptance of our Web sites and services and those of our
competitors; |
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the magnitude and timing of marketing initiatives and capital
expenditures relating to expansion of our operations; |
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the cost and timing of online and offline advertising and other
marketing efforts; |
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the maintenance and development of relationships with portals,
search engines, ISPs and other Web properties and other entities
capable of attracting potential members and paying subscribers
to our Web sites; |
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technical difficulties, system failures, system security
breaches, or downtime of the Internet, in general, or of our
products and services, in particular; |
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costs related to any acquisitions or dispositions of
technologies or businesses; and |
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general economic conditions, as well as those specific to the
Internet, online personals and related industries. |
As a result of the factors listed above and because the online
personals business is still immature, making it difficult to
predict consumer demand, it is possible that in future periods
results of operations may be below the expectations of public
market analysts and investors. This could cause the market price
of our securities to decline.
We may need additional capital to finance our growth or to
compete, which may cause dilution to existing shareholders or
limit our flexibility in conducting our business activities.
We currently anticipate that existing cash, cash equivalents and
marketable securities and cash flow from operations will be
sufficient to meet our anticipated needs for working capital,
operating expenses and capital expenditures for at least the
next 12 months. We may need to raise additional capital in
the future to fund expansion, whether in new vertical affinity
or geographic markets, develop newer or enhanced services,
respond to competitive pressures or acquire complementary
businesses, technologies or services. Such additional financing
may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. To the
extent that we raise additional capital by issuing equity
securities, our shareholders may experience substantial
dilution, and to the extent we engage in debt financing, if
available, we may become subject to restrictive covenants that
could limit our flexibility in conducting future business
activities. If additional financing is not available or not
available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to fund our
expansion, promote our brands, take advantage of acquisition
opportunities, develop or enhance services or respond to
competitive pressures.
Our limited experience outside the United States increases
the risk that our international expansion efforts and operations
will not be effective.
One of our strategies is to expand our presence in international
markets. Although we currently have offices in Germany, Israel
and the United Kingdom and Web sites that serve the Australian,
Canadian, German, Israeli and United Kingdom markets, we have
only limited experience with operations outside the United
States. Our primary international operations are in Israel,
which carries additional risk for our business as a result of
continuing hostilities there. Expansion into international
markets requires management time and capital resources. In
addition, we face the following additional risks associated with
our expansion outside the United States:
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challenges caused by distance, language and cultural differences; |
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local competitors with substantially greater brand recognition,
more users and more traffic than we have; |
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our need to create and increase our brand recognition and
improve our marketing efforts internationally and build strong
relationships with local affiliates; |
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longer payment cycles in some countries; |
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credit risk and higher levels of payment fraud in some countries; |
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different legal and regulatory restrictions among jurisdictions; |
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political, social and economic instability; |
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potentially adverse tax consequences; and |
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higher costs associated with doing business internationally. |
Our international operations subject us to risks associated
with currency fluctuations.
Our foreign operations may subject us to currency fluctuations
and such fluctuations may adversely affect our financial
position and results. However, sales and expenses to date have
occurred primarily in the United States. For this reason, we
have not engaged in foreign exchange hedging. In connection with
our planned international expansion, currency risk positions
could change correspondingly and the use of foreign exchange
hedging instruments could become necessary. Effects of exchange
rate fluctuations on our financial condition, operations, and
profitability may depend on our ability to manage our foreign
currency risks. There can be no assurance that steps taken by
management to address foreign currency fluctuations will
eliminate all adverse effects and, accordingly, we may suffer
losses due to adverse foreign currency fluctuation.
Our business could be significantly impacted by the
occurrence of natural disasters and other catastrophic
events.
Our operations depend upon our ability to maintain and protect
our network infrastructure, hardware systems and software
applications, which are housed primarily at a data center
located in Southern California that is managed by a third party.
Our business is therefore susceptible to earthquakes, tsunamis
and other catastrophic events, including acts of terrorism. We
currently lack adequate redundant network infrastructure,
hardware and software systems supporting our services at an
alternate site. As a result, outages and downtime caused by
natural disasters and other events out of our control, which
affect our systems or primary data center, could adversely
affect our reputation, brands and business.
We hold a fixed amount of insurance coverage, and if we were
found liable for an uninsured claim, or claim in excess of our
insurance limits, we may be forced to expend a significant
capital to resolve the uninsured claim.
We contract for a fixed amount of insurance to cover potential
risks and liabilities, including, but not limited to, property
and casualty insurance, general liability insurance, and errors
and omissions liability insurance. Although we have not recently
experienced any significantly increased premiums as a result of
changing policies of our providers, we have experienced
increasing insurance premiums due to the increasing size of our
business, and thus the increased potential risk to underwriters
for insuring our business. If we decide to obtain additional
insurance coverage in the future, it is possible that we may not
be able to get enough insurance to meet our needs, we may have
to pay very high prices for the coverage we do get, or we may
not be able to acquire any insurance for certain types of
business risk or may have gaps in coverage for certain risks.
This could leave us exposed to potential uninsured claims for
which we could have to expend significant amounts of capital
resources. Consequently, if we were found liable for a
significant uninsured claim in the future, we may be forced to
expend a significant amount of our operating capital to resolve
the uninsured claim.
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Our services are not well-suited to many alternate Web access
devices, and as a result the growth of our business could be
negatively affected.
The number of people who access the Internet through devices
other than desktop and laptop computers, including mobile
telephones and other handheld computing devices, has increased
dramatically in the past few years, and we expect this growth to
continue. The lower resolution, functionality and memory
currently associated with such mobile devices may make the use
of our services through such mobile devices more difficult and
generally impairs the member experience relative to access via
desktop and laptop computers. If we are unable to attract and
retain a substantial number of such mobile device users to our
online personals services or if we are unable to develop
services that are more compatible with such mobile
communications devices, our growth could be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Our Industry
The percentage of canceling paying subscribers in comparison
to other subscription businesses requires that we continuously
seek new paying subscribers to maintain or increase our current
level of revenue.
Internet users in general, and users of online personals
services specifically, freely navigate and switch among a large
number of Web sites. Monthly subscriber churn represents the
ratio expressed as a percentage of (a) the number of paying
subscriber cancellations during the period divided by the
average number of paying subscribers during the period and
(b) the number of months in the period. The number of
average paying subscribers is calculated as the sum of the
paying subscribers at the beginning and end of the month,
divided by two. Average paying subscribers for periods longer
than one month are calculated as the sum of the average paying
subscribers for each month, divided by the number of months. For
the quarters ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, the monthly
subscriber churn for (1) the JDate segment was 26.5% and
25.8%, respectively, (2) the AmericanSingles segment was
37.8% and 35.6%, respectively, and (3) the Web sites in our
Other Businesses segment was 18.6% and 17.9%, respectively. We
cannot assure you that our monthly average subscriber churn will
remain at such levels, and it may increase in the future. This
makes it difficult for us to have a stable paying subscriber
base and requires that we constantly attract new paying
subscribers at a faster rate than subscription terminations to
maintain or increase our current level of revenue. If we are
unable to attract new paying subscribers on a cost-effective
basis, our business will not grow and our profitability will be
adversely affected.
Our network is vulnerable to security breaches and
inappropriate use by Internet users, which could disrupt or
deter future use of our services.
Concerns over the security of transactions conducted on the
Internet and the privacy of users may inhibit the growth of the
Internet and other online services generally, and online
commerce services, like ours, in particular. To date, we have
not experienced any material breach of our security systems;
however, our failure to effectively prevent security breaches
could significantly harm our business, reputation and results of
operations and could expose us to lawsuits by state and federal
consumer protection agencies, by governmental authorities in the
jurisdictions in which we operate, and by consumers. Anyone who
is able to circumvent our security measures could misappropriate
proprietary information, including customer credit card and
personal data, cause interruptions in our operations or damage
our brand and reputation. Such breach of our security measures
could involve the disclosure of personally identifiable
information and could expose us to a material risk of
litigation, liability or governmental enforcement proceeding. We
cannot assure you that our financial systems and other
technology resources are completely secure from security
breaches or sabotage, and we have occasionally experienced
security breaches and attempts at hacking. We may be
required to incur significant additional costs to protect
against security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by
such breaches. Any well-publicized compromise of our security or
the security of any other Internet provider could deter people
from using our services or the Internet to conduct transactions
that involve
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transmitting confidential information or downloading sensitive
materials, which could have a detrimental impact on our
potential customer base.
Computer viruses may cause delays or other service interruptions
and could damage our reputation, affect our ability to provide
our services and adversely affect our revenues. The inadvertent
transmission of computer viruses could also expose us to a
material risk of loss or litigation and possible liability.
Moreover, if a computer virus affecting our system were highly
publicized, our reputation could be significantly damaged,
resulting in the loss of current and future members and paying
subscribers.
We face certain risks related to the physical and emotional
safety of our members and paying subscribers.
The nature of online personals services is such that we cannot
control the actions of our members and paying subscribers in
their communication or physical actions. There is a possibility
that one or more of our members or paying subscribers could be
physically or emotionally harmed following interaction with
another of our members or paying subscribers. We warn our
members and paying subscribers that we do not and cannot screen
other members and paying subscribers and, given our lack of
physical presence, we do not take any action to ensure personal
safety on a meeting between members or paying subscribers
arranged following contact initiated via our Web sites. If an
unfortunate incident of this nature occurred in a meeting of two
people following contact initiated on one of our Web sites or a
Web site of one of our competitors, any resulting negative
publicity could materially and adversely affect us or the online
personals industry in general. Any such incident involving one
of our Web sites could damage our reputation and our brands.
This, in turn, could adversely affect our revenues and could
cause the value of our ordinary shares and depositary shares to
decline. In addition, the affected members or paying subscribers
could initiate legal action against us, which could cause us to
incur significant expense, whether we were successful or not,
and damage our reputation.
We face risks of litigation and regulatory actions if we are
deemed a dating service as opposed to an online personals
service.
We supply online personals services. In many jurisdictions,
companies deemed dating service providers are subject to
additional regulation, while companies that provide personals
services are not generally subject to similar regulation.
Because personals services and dating services can seem similar,
we are exposed to potential litigation, including class action
lawsuits, associated with providing our personals services. In
the past, a small percentage of our members have alleged that we
are a dating service provider, and, as a result, they claim that
we are required to comply with regulations that include, but are
not limited to, providing language in our contracts that may
allow members to (1) rescind their contracts within a
certain period of time, (2) demand reimbursement of a
portion of the contract price if the member dies during the term
of the contract and/or (3) cancel their contracts in the
event of disability or relocation. If a court holds that we have
provided and are providing dating services of the type the
dating services regulations are intended to regulate, we may be
required to comply with regulations associated with the dating
services industry and be liable for any damages as a result our
past and present non-compliance.
Three separate yet similar class action complaints have been
filed against us. On June 21, 2002, Tatyana Fertelmeyster
filed an Illinois class action complaint against us in the
Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, based on an alleged
violation of the Illinois Dating Referral Services Act. On
September 12, 2002, Lili Grossman filed a New York class
action complaint against us in the Supreme Court in the State of
New York based on alleged violations of the New York Dating
Services Act and the Consumer Fraud Act. On November 14,
2003, Jason Adelman filed a nationwide class action complaint
against us in the Los Angeles County Superior Court based on an
alleged violation of California Civil Code section 1694 et
seq., which regulates businesses that provide dating services.
In each of these cases, the complaint included allegations that
we are a dating service as defined by the
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applicable statutes and, as an alleged dating service, we are
required to provide language in our contracts that allows
(i) members to rescind their contracts within three days,
(ii) reimbursement of a portion of the contract price if
the member dies during the term of the contract and/or
(iii) members to cancel their contracts in the event of
disability or relocation. Causes of action include breach of
applicable state and/or federal laws, fraudulent and deceptive
business practices, breach of contract and unjust enrichment.
The plaintiffs are seeking remedies including declaratory
relief, restitution, actual damages although not quantified,
treble damages and/or punitive damages, and attorneys fees
and costs.
Huebner v. InterActiveCorp., Superior Court of the State
of California, County of Los Angeles, Case No. BC 305875
involves a similar action, involving the same
plaintiffs counsel as Adelman, brought against
InterActiveCorps Match.com that has been ruled related to
Adelman, but the two cases have not been consolidated. We
have not been named a defendant in the Huebner case.
Adelman and Huebner each seek to certify a
nationwide class action based on their complaints. Because the
cases are class actions, they have been assigned to the Los
Angeles Superior Court Complex Litigation Program. The court has
ordered a bifurcation of the liability issue. At an
August 15, 2005 Status Conference, the court set the
bifurcated trial on the issue of liability for March 27,
2006.
On March 25, 2005, the court in Fertelmeyster
entered its Memorandum Opinion and Order (Memorandum
Opinion) granting summary judgment in our favor on the
grounds that Fertelmeyster lacks standing to seek injunctive
relief or restitutionary relief under the Illinois Dating
Services Act, Fertelmeyster did not suffer any actual damages,
and we were not unjustly enriched as a result of our contract
with Fertelmeyster. The Memorandum Opinion disposes of all
matters in controversy in the litigation and also provides
that we are subject to the Illinois Dating Services Act and, as
such, our subscription agreements violate the act and are void
and unenforceable. This ruling may subject us to potential
liability for claims brought by the Illinois Attorney General or
customers that have been injured by our violation of the
statute. Fertelmeyster filed a Motion for Reconsideration of the
Memorandum Opinion and, on August 26, 2005, the court
issued its opinion denying Fertelmeysters Motion for
Reconsideration. In the opinion, the court, among other things:
(i) decertified the class, eliminating the last remnant of
the litigation; (ii) rejected each of the plaintiffs
arguments based on the arguments and law that we provided in our
opposition; (iii) stated that the court would not
judicially amend the Illinois statute to provide for restitution
when the legislature selected damages as the sole remedy;
(iv) noted that the cases cited by plaintiff in connection
with plaintiffs Motion for Reconsideration actually
support the courts prior order granting summary judgment
in our favor; and (v) denied plaintiffs Motion for
Reconsideration in its entirety.
In December 2002, the Supreme Court of New York dismissed the
case brought by Ms. Grossman. Although the plaintiff
appealed the decision, in October 2004, the New York Supreme
Court, Appellate Division upheld the lower courts
dismissal. In addition, two Justices wrote concurring opinions
stating their opinion that our services were not covered under
the New York Dating Services Act.
We intend to defend vigorously against each of the pending
lawsuits, however, no assurance can be given that these matters
will be resolved in our favor.
We are exposed to risks associated with credit card fraud and
credit payment, which, if not properly addressed, could increase
our operating expenses.
We depend on continuing availability of credit card usage to
process subscriptions and this availability, in turn, depends on
acceptable levels of chargebacks and fraud performance. We have
suffered losses and may continue to suffer losses as a result of
subscription orders placed with fraudulent credit card data,
even though the associated financial institution approved
payment. Under current credit card practices, a merchant is
liable for fraudulent credit card transactions when, as is the
case with the transactions we process, that merchant does not
obtain a cardholders signature. Our failure to
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adequately control fraudulent credit card transactions would
result in significantly higher credit card-related costs and,
therefore, increase our operating expenses and may preclude us
from accepting credit cards as a means of payment.
We face risks associated with our dependence on computer and
telecommunications infrastructure.
Our services are dependent upon the use of the Internet and
telephone and broadband communications to provide high-capacity
data transmission without system downtime. There have been
instances where regional and national telecommunications outages
have caused us, and other Internet businesses, to experience
systems interruptions. Any additional interruptions, delays or
capacity problems experienced with telephone or broadband
connections could adversely affect our ability to provide
services to our customers. The temporary or permanent loss of
all, or a portion, of the telecommunications system could cause
disruption to our business activities and result in a loss of
revenue. Additionally, the telecommunications industry is
subject to regulatory control. Amendments to current
regulations, which could affect our telecommunications
providers, could disrupt or adversely affect the profitability
of our business.
In addition, if any of our current agreements with
telecommunications providers were terminated, we may not be able
to replace any terminated agreements with equally beneficial
ones. There can be no assurance that we will be able to renew
any of our current agreements when they expire or, if we are
able to do so, that such renewals will be available on
acceptable terms. We also do not know whether we will be able to
enter into additional agreements or that any relationships, if
entered into, will be on terms favorable to us.
Our business depends, in part, on the growth and maintenance
of the Internet, and our ability to provide services to our
members and paying subscribers may be limited by outages,
interruptions and diminished capacity in the Internet.
Our performance will depend, in part, on the continued growth
and maintenance of the Internet. This includes maintenance of a
reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data
capacity and security for providing reliable Internet services.
Internet infrastructure may be unable to support the demands
placed on it if the number of Internet users continues to
increase, or if existing or future Internet users access the
Internet more often or increase their bandwidth requirements. In
addition, viruses, worms and similar programs may harm the
performance of the Internet. We have no control over the
third-party telecommunications, cable or other providers of
access services to the Internet that our members and paying
subscribers rely upon. There have been instances where regional
and national telecommunications outages have caused us to
experience service interruptions during which our members and
paying subscribers could not access our services. Any additional
interruptions, delays or capacity problems experienced with any
points of access between the Internet and our members could
adversely affect our ability to provide services reliably to our
members and paying subscribers. The temporary or permanent loss
of all, or a portion, of our services on the Internet, the
Internet infrastructure generally, or our members and
paying subscribers ability to access the Internet could
disrupt our business activities, harm our business reputation,
and result in a loss of revenue. Additionally, the Internet,
electronic communications and telecommunications industries are
subject to federal, state and foreign governmental regulation.
New laws and regulations governing such matters could be enacted
or amendments may be made to existing regulations at any time
that could adversely impact our services. Any such new laws,
regulations or amendments to existing regulations could disrupt
or adversely affect the profitability of our business.
We are subject to burdensome government regulations and legal
uncertainties affecting the Internet that could adversely affect
our business.
Legal uncertainties surrounding domestic and foreign government
regulations could increase our costs of doing business, require
us to revise our services, prevent us from delivering our
services over the
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Internet or slow the growth of the Internet, any of which could
increase our expenses, reduce our revenues or cause our revenues
to grow at a slower rate than expected and materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations. Laws and regulations related to Internet
communications, security, privacy, intellectual property rights,
commerce, taxation, entertainment, recruiting and advertising
are becoming more prevalent, and new laws and regulations are
under consideration by the United States Congress, state
legislatures and foreign governments. For example, during 2004
and 2005, legislation related to the use of background checks
for users of online personals services was proposed in Ohio,
Texas, California, Michigan, Florida and Virginia. None of these
states enacted these proposed laws, however, state legislatures
are still considering the implementation of such legislation.
The enactment of any of these proposed laws could require us to
alter our service offerings and could negatively impact our
performance by making it more difficult and costly to obtain new
subscribers and may also subject us to additional liability for
failure to properly screen our subscribers. Any legislation
enacted or restrictions arising from current or future
government investigations or policy could dampen the growth in
use of the Internet, generally, and decrease the acceptance of
the Internet as a communications, commercial, entertainment,
recruiting and advertising medium. In addition to new laws and
regulations being adopted, existing laws that are not currently
being applied to the Internet may subsequently be applied to it
and, in several jurisdictions, legislatures are considering laws
and regulations that would apply to the online personals
industry in particular. Many areas of law affecting the Internet
and online personals remain unsettled, even in areas where there
has been some legislative action. It may take years to determine
whether and how existing laws such as those governing consumer
protection, intellectual property, libel and taxation apply to
the Internet or to our services.
In the normal course of our business, we handle personally
identifiable information pertaining to our members and paying
subscribers residing in the United States and other countries.
In recent years, many of these countries have adopted privacy,
security, and data protection laws and regulations intended to
prevent improper uses and disclosures of personally identifiable
information. In addition, some jurisdictions impose database
registration requirements for which significant monetary and
other penalties may be imposed for noncompliance. These laws may
impose costly administrative requirements, limit our handling of
information, and subject us to increased government oversight
and financial liabilities. Privacy laws and regulations in the
United States and foreign countries are subject to change and
may be inconsistent, and additional requirements may be imposed
at any time. These laws and regulations, the costs of complying
with them, administrative fines for noncompliance and the
possible need to adopt different compliance measures in
different jurisdictions could materially increase our expenses
and cause the value of our securities to decline.
Risks Related to Owning Our Securities
The price of our ADSs may be volatile, and if an active
trading market for our ADSs does not develop, the price of our
ADSs may suffer and decline.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our
securities in the United States. Accordingly, we cannot assure
you that an active trading market will develop or be sustained
or that the market price of our ADSs will not decline. The price
at which our ADSs will trade after this offering is likely to be
highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially due to many
factors, some of which are outside of our control.
In addition, the stock market has experienced significant price
and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price for
the stock of many technology, communications and entertainment
and media companies. Those market fluctuations were sometimes
unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of
these companies. Any significant stock market fluctuations in
the future, whether due to our actual performance or prospects
or not, could result in a significant decline in the market
price of our securities.
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Our principal shareholders can exercise significant influence
over us, and, as a result, may be able to delay, deter or
prevent a change of control or other business combination.
As of October 19, 2005, Joe Y. Shapira, Alon Carmel, and
Tiger Technology Management, L.L.C. and their respective
affiliates beneficially owned approximately, in the aggregate,
50.9% of our outstanding share capital. Mr. Shapira is a
co-founder of our company and current Executive Chairman of our
Board of Directors. Mr. Carmel is a co-founder, former
President and former Executive Co-Chairman of our Board of
Directors. Tiger Technology Management, L.L.C. is our largest
shareholder, and one of our directors, Scott Shleifer, is a
limited partner of Tiger Global, L.P., an affiliate of Tiger
Technology Management. Although we do not expect that these
shareholders will vote together as a group, these shareholders
possess significant influence over our company. Such share
ownership and control may have the effect of delaying or
preventing a change in control of our company, impeding a
merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination
involving our company or discourage a potential acquirer from
making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control
of our company. Furthermore, such share ownership may have the
effect of control over substantially all matters requiring
shareholder approval, including the election of directors.
All of our ordinary shares and ordinary shares issuable upon
the exercise of our warrants and options will be eligible for
sale after this offering, which would result in dilution and
cause the price of our ADSs to decrease.
If our shareholders sell a substantial number of our shares,
including those represented by ADSs and GDSs, in the public
market following this offering, the market price of our ADSs
could fall. Our ordinary shares in the form of GDSs trade on the
Frankfurt Stock Exchange. We are registering under this
registration statement for sale in the United States all of our
issued and outstanding ordinary shares, ordinary shares
underlying all of our outstanding warrants and ordinary shares
underlying all of the options held by our officers, directors
and shareholders who own more than 10% of our issued and
outstanding securities. As of October 19, 2005, we had
outstanding 26,209,496 ordinary shares, 430,000 warrants and
6,595,000 options held by officers directors and 10%
shareholders. In addition, we intend to file a registration
statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on
Form S-8 covering ordinary shares underlying outstanding
options and ordinary shares reserved for issuance under our
share option schemes. Immediately after this registration
statement and the Form S-8 registration statement become
effective, all of our ordinary shares will be available for sale
in the open market. Sales of ordinary shares by existing
shareholders in the public market, or the availability of such
ordinary shares for sale, could materially and adversely affect
the market price of our securities.
You may not be able to exercise your right to vote the
ordinary shares underlying your ADSs.
Under the terms of the ADSs, you have a general right to direct
the exercise of the votes on the ordinary shares underlying ADSs
that you hold, subject to limitations on voting ordinary shares
contained in our Memorandum of Association and Articles of
Association, as amended. You may instruct the depositary bank,
Bank of New York, to vote the ordinary shares underlying our
ADSs, but only if we request Bank of New York to ask for your
instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your
right to vote unless you withdraw the ordinary shares underlying
the ADSs. However, you may not receive voting materials in time
to ensure that you are able to instruct Bank of New York to vote
your shares or receive sufficient notice of a shareholders
meeting to permit you to withdraw your ordinary shares to allow
you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In
addition, Bank of New York and its agents may not be able to
timely send out your voting instructions or carry out your
voting instructions in the manner you have instructed. As a
result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and
you may lack recourse if your ordinary shares are not voted as
you requested.
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Your right or ability to transfer your ADSs may be limited in
a number of circumstances.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary.
However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time
or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with
the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may
refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs
generally when our books or the books of the depositary are
closed, or at any time if we or the depositary deem it advisable
to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government
or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit
agreement, or for any other reason.
Our ordinary shares in the form of ADSs or GDSs will be
traded on more than one market and this may result in price
variations.
Our ordinary shares are currently traded on the Frankfurt Stock
Exchange in the form of GDSs and we expect our ordinary shares
will be traded on the American Stock Exchange in the form of
ADSs upon completion of this offering. Trading in our ordinary
shares in the form of ADSs or GDSs on these markets will be made
in different currencies (dollars on the American Stock Exchange
and euros on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange), and at different
times (resulting from different time zones, different trading
days and different public holidays in the U.S. and Germany). The
trading prices of our ordinary shares in the form of ADSs or
GDSs on these two markets may differ due to these and other
factors. Any decrease in the trading price of our ordinary
shares in the form of ADSs or GDSs on one of these markets could
cause a decrease in the trading price of our ordinary shares in
the form of ADSs or GDSs on the other market. Any difference in
prices of our ordinary shares in the form of ADSs or GDSs on
these two markets could create an arbitrage opportunity whereby
an investor could take advantage of the price difference by
trading between the markets, thereby potentially increasing the
volatility of trading prices of our ADSs and having an adverse
affect on the price of our ADSs.
If we offer any subscription rights to our shareholders, your
right or ability to perform a sale, deposit, cancellation or
transfer of any ADSs issued after exercise of rights might be
restricted.
If we offer holders of our ordinary shares any rights to
subscribe for additional shares or any other rights, the
depositary may make these rights available to you after
consultation with us. However, the depositary may allow rights
that are not distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, you
will receive no value for them. In addition,
U.S. securities laws may restrict the sale, deposit,
cancellation and transfer of the ADSs issued after exercise of
rights. However, we cannot make rights available to you in the
United States unless we register the rights and the securities
to which the rights relate under the Securities Act or an
exemption from the registration requirements is available. In
addition, under the deposit agreement, the depositary will not
distribute rights to holders of ADSs unless the distribution and
sale of rights and the securities to which the rights relate are
either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with
respect to all holders of ADSs, or are registered under the
provisions of the Securities Act. We can give no assurance that
we can establish an exemption from registration under the
Securities Act, and we are under no obligation to file a
registration statement with respect to these rights or
underlying securities or to endeavor to have a registration
statement declared effective. Accordingly, you may be unable to
participate in our rights offerings, if any, and may experience
dilution of your holdings as a result.
Investors may be subject to both United States and United
Kingdom taxes.
Investors are strongly urged to consult with their tax advisors
concerning the consequences of investing in our company by
purchasing ADSs. Our ADSs are being sold in the United States,
but we are incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. A
U.S. holder of our ADSs will generally be treated as the
beneficial owner of the underlying ordinary shares, as
represented by ADSs, for purposes of U.S. and U.K. tax laws.
Therefore, U.S. federal, state and local tax laws and U.K.
tax laws will generally apply to ownership and transfer of our
ADSs and the underlying ordinary shares. Tax laws of other
jurisdictions may also apply.
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If you hold shares in the form of ADSs, you may have less
access to information about our company and less opportunity to
exercise your rights as a shareholder than if you held ordinary
shares.
There are risks associated with holding our shares in the form
of ADSs, since we are a public company incorporated under the
laws of England and Wales. We are subject to the Companies Act
1985, as amended, our Memorandum and Articles of Association,
and other aspects of English company law. The depositary, the
Bank of New York and/or its various nominees, will appear in our
records as the holder of all our shares represented by the ADSs
and your rights as a holder of ADSs will be contained in the
deposit agreement. Your rights as a holder of ADSs will differ
in various ways from a shareholders rights, and you may be
affected in other ways, including:
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you may not be able to participate in rights offers or dividend
alternatives if, in the discretion of the depositary, after
consultation with us, it is unlawful or not practicable to do so; |
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you may not receive certain copies of reports and information
sent by us to the depositary and may have to go to the office of
the depositary to inspect any reports issued; |
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the deposit agreement may be amended by us and the depositary,
or may be terminated by us or the depositary, each with thirty
(30) days notice to you and without your consent in a
manner that could prejudice your rights, and the deposit
agreement limits our obligations and liabilities and those of
the depositary. |
Your rights as a shareholder will be governed by English law
and will differ from and may be inferior to the rights of
shareholders under U.S. law.
We are a public limited company incorporated under the laws of
England and Wales. Our corporate affairs are governed by our
Memorandum and Articles of Association, by the Companies Act
1985, as amended, and other common and statutory laws in England
and Wales. The rights of shareholders to take action against the
directors and actions by minority shareholders are to a large
extent governed by the common law and statutory laws of England
and Wales. These rights differ from the typical rights of
shareholders in U.S. corporations. Facts that, under
U.S. law, would entitle a shareholder in a
U.S. corporation to claim damages may give rise to an
alternative cause of action under English law entitling a
shareholder in an English company to claim damages in an English
court. However, this will not always be the case. For example,
the rights of shareholders to bring proceedings against us or
against our directors or officers in relation to public
statements are different under English law than the civil
liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws. In
addition, shareholders of English companies may not have
standing to initiate shareholder derivative actions in various
courts, including before the federal courts of the United
States. As a result, our public shareholders may face different
considerations in protecting their interests in actions against
our company, management, directors or our controlling
shareholders, than would shareholders of a corporation
incorporated in a jurisdiction in the United States, and our
ability to protect our interests if we are harmed in a manner
that would otherwise enable us to sue in a United States federal
court, may be limited.
You may have difficulties enforcing, in actions brought in
courts in jurisdictions located outside the United States,
liabilities under the U.S. securities laws. In particular,
if you sought to bring proceedings in England based on
U.S. securities laws, the English court might consider:
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that it did not have jurisdiction; and/or |
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that it was not the appropriate forum for such proceedings;
and/or |
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that, applying English conflict of laws rules, U.S. law
(including U.S. securities laws) did not apply to the
relationship between you and us or our directors and officers;
and/or |
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that the U.S. securities laws were of a public or penal
nature and should not be enforced by the English court. |
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Alternatively, if you were to bring an action in a U.S. Court,
and we were to bring a competing action in an English Court, the
English Court may grant an order seeking to prohibit you from
pursuing the action before the U.S. court.
You should also be aware that English law does not allow for any
form of legal proceedings directly equivalent to the class
action available in U.S. courts. In addition, awards of
punitive damages (or their nearest English law equivalent), are
rare in English courts.
In addition, we are required by the Companies Act 1985 to
prepare for each financial year audited accounts which comply
with the requirements of that Act. These UK audited accounts are
distributed to holders of our ordinary shares in advance of our
annual shareholder meeting at which the UK audited accounts are
voted on by our shareholders and are then filed with the
Registrar of Companies for England and Wales. The UK audited
accounts will be audited by an accounting firm eligible under UK
statutory requirements, currently the UK firm Ernst &
Young LLP. The UK audited accounts are likely to be materially
different to the US GAAP financial statements which will be
prepared in a form similar to those included within this
prospectus and which will be filed with the US Securities and
Exchange Commission. Our shareholders will not have an
opportunity to vote on our US GAAP financial statements. Our
ability to pay future dividends will be determined by reference
to the distributable reserves shown by our UK audited accounts
and this may restrict our ability to pay such dividends.
You may have difficulty in effecting service of process or
enforcing judgments obtained in the United States against some
of our directors and experts named in this prospectus that are
not residents of the United States.
Some of our directors and some of the experts named in this
prospectus are residents of countries other than the United
States. Furthermore, all or a substantial portion of their
assets may be located outside the United States. As a result, it
may not be possible for you to:
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effect service of process within the United States upon such
directors and experts; or |
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enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against such
directors and experts in the U.S. courts in any action,
including actions under the civil liability provisions of
U.S. securities laws; or |
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enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against such
directors and experts in courts of jurisdictions outside the
United States in any action, including actions under the civil
liability provisions of U.S. securities laws. |
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You may also have difficulties enforcing in courts outside the
United States judgments obtained in the U.S. courts against
any of our directors and some of the experts named in this
prospectus or us (including actions under the civil liability
provisions of the U.S. securities laws). In particular,
there is doubt as to the enforceability in England of
U.S. civil judgments predicated purely on
U.S. securities laws. In any event, there is no system of
reciprocal enforcement in England and Wales of judgments
obtained in the U.S. courts. Accordingly, a judgment
against any of those persons or us may only be enforced in
England and Wales by the commencement of an action before the
English court, seeking the recognition of the judgment of the
U.S. court at common law in England. Judgment against any
of those persons or us, as the case may be, may be granted by
the English court without requiring the issues on the merits in
the U.S. litigation to be reopened on the basis that those
matters have already been decided by the U.S. court. To
recognize a U.S. court Judgment, the English court must be
satisfied that:
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that the judgment is final and conclusive; |
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that the U.S. court had jurisdiction (as a matter of
English law); |
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that the U.S. judgment is not impeachable for fraud and is
not contrary to English rules of natural justice; |
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that the enforcement of the judgment will not be contrary to
public policy or statute in England; |
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that the judgment is for a liquidated sum; |
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that the English proceedings were commenced within the relevant
limitation period; |
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that the judgment is not directly or indirectly for the payment
of taxes or other charges of a like nature or a fine or penalty; |
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that the judgment remains valid and enforceable in the court in
which it was obtained unless and until it is stayed or set
aside; and |
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that, before the date on which the U.S. court gave
judgment, the issues in question had not been the subject of a
final judgment of an English court or of a court of another
jurisdiction whose judgment is enforceable in England. |
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We have never paid any dividend and we do not intend to pay
dividends in the foreseeable future.
To date, we have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our
ordinary shares and currently intend to retain any future
earnings for funding growth. We do not anticipate paying any
dividends in the foreseeable future. Moreover, companies
incorporated under the laws of England and Wales cannot pay
dividends unless they have distributable profits as defined in
the Companies Act 1985 as amended. As a result, you should not
rely on an investment in our shares if you require dividend
income. Capital appreciation, if any, of our shares may be your
sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.
Currency fluctuations may adversely affect the price of the
ADSs relative to the price of our GDSs.
The price of our GDSs is quoted in euros. Movements in the euro/
U.S. dollar exchange rate may adversely affect the
U.S. dollar price of our ADSs and the U.S. dollar
equivalent of the price of our GDSs. For example, if the euro
weakens against the U.S. dollar, the U.S. dollar price
of the ADSs could decline, even if the price of our GDSs in
euros increases or remains unchanged.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, including the sections entitled
Prospectus Summary, Risk Factors,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and
Business, contains forward-looking statements that
involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements
other than statements of historical facts contained in this
prospectus, including statements regarding our future financial
position, business strategy and plans and objectives of
management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking
statements by terminology such as believes,
expects, anticipates,
intends, estimates, may,
will, continue, should,
plan, predict, potential or
the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. We
have based these forward-looking statements on our current
expectations and projections about future events and financial
trends that we believe may affect our financial condition,
results of operations, business strategy and financial needs.
Our actual results could differ materially from those
anticipated in these forward-looking statements, which are
subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions
described in Risk Factors section and elsewhere in
this prospectus, regarding, among other things:
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our significant operating losses and uncertainties relating to
our ability to generate positive cash flow and operating profits
in the future; |
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difficulty in evaluating our future prospects based on our
limited operating history and relatively new business model; |
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our ability to attract members, convert members into paying
subscribers and retain our paying subscribers, in addition to
maintain paying subscribers; |
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the highly competitive nature of our business; |
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our ability to keep pace with rapid technological change; |
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the strength of our existing brands and our ability to maintain
and enhance those brands; |
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our ability to effectively manage our growth; |
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our dependence upon the telecommunications infrastructure and
our networking hardware and software infrastructure; |
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risks related to our recent accounting restatements; |
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uncertainties relating to potential acquisitions of companies; |
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the volatility of the price of our ADSs after this offering; |
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the strain on our resources and management team of being a
public company in the United States; |
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the ability of our principal shareholders to exercise
significant influence over our company; and |
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other factors referenced in this prospectus and other reports. |
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You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as
predictions of future events. We cannot assure you that the
events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking
statements will be achieved or occur. Although we believe that
the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are
reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of
activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor
any other person assume responsibility for the accuracy and
completeness of
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the forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we
undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking
statements for any reason after the date of this prospectus to
conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our
expectations.
You should read this prospectus, and the documents that we
reference in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the
related registration statement with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, completely and with the understanding that our
actual future results, levels of activity, performance and
achievements may materially differ from what we expect. We
qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these
cautionary statements.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of ordinary
shares in the form of ADSs by the selling security holders
listed in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, except
for funds received from the exercise of warrants and options
held by selling security holders, if and when exercised. We plan
to use the net proceeds received from the exercise of any
warrants and options for working capital and general corporate
purposes. The actual allocation of proceeds realized from the
exercise of these securities will depend upon the amount and
timing of such exercises, our operating revenues and cash
position at such time and our working capital requirements.
There can be no assurances that any of the outstanding warrants
and options will be exercised. The total maximum proceeds
possible from the exercise of options and warrants at
June 30, 2005 was approximately $35.5 million and
$1.3 million, respectively.
RESCISSION OFFER
Under our 2000 Option Scheme, we granted options to purchase
ordinary shares to certain of our employees, directors and
consultants. California state securities laws generally require
qualification for the offer and sale of securities subject to
California law. Under California law, the grant of an option
constitutes a sale of the underlying shares at the time of the
option grant and not at the exercise of the option. Our option
grants were not qualified and may not have been exempt from
qualification under California state securities laws. As a
result, we may have potential liability to those employees,
directors and consultants to whom we granted options under the
2000 Option Scheme. In order to address that issue, we may elect
to make a rescission offer to the holders of outstanding options
under the 2000 Option Scheme to give them the opportunity to
rescind the grant of their options.
As of June 30, 2005, assuming every eligible optionee were
to accept a rescission offer, we estimate the total cost to us
to complete the rescission would be approximately
$4.0 million including statutory interest at 7% per
annum. These amounts reflect the costs of offering to rescind
the issuance of the outstanding options by paying an amount
equal to 20% of the aggregate exercise price for the entire
option, which we believe would comply with California state
securities laws.
In addition, issuances of securities upon exercise of options
granted under our 2000 Option Scheme may not have been exempt
from registration and qualification under California state
securities laws as a result of the option grants themselves, but
also may not have been exempt from registration under federal
securities laws. Federal securities laws prohibit the offer or
sale of securities unless the sales are registered or exempt
from registration. The issuances of ordinary shares upon the
exercise of our options were not registered and may not have
been exempt from registration under California state and federal
securities laws. As a result, we may have potential liability to
those employees, directors and consultants to whom we issued
securities upon the exercise of these options. In order to
address that issue, we may elect to make a rescission offer to
those persons who exercised all, or a portion, of those options
and continue to hold the shares issued upon exercise, to give
them the opportunity to rescind the issuance of those shares
(Option Shares).
As of June 30, 2005, assuming every eligible person that
continues to hold the securities issued upon exercise of options
granted under the 2000 Option Scheme were to accept a rescission
offer, we estimate the total cost to us to complete the
rescission would be approximately $3.8 million including
statutory interest at 7% per annum, accrued since the date
of exercise of the options. These amounts are calculated by
reference to the acquisition price of the Option Shares.
For the purposes of English company law, a rescission offer in
respect of our Option Shares would take the form of a purchase
by our company of the relevant Option Shares. The Companies Act
1985 (Companies Act) provides that we may only
purchase our own shares using our distributable
profits or the proceeds from the issuance of new shares
for that purpose. Due to the deficit on our profit and loss
account as a consequence of our previous accumulated losses, we
do not currently have
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sufficient distributable profits to effect the rescission offer
with respect to the Option Shares. However, under the Companies
Act, if we receive the approval of our shareholders and the High
Court of Justice in England and Wales (the Court),
we can reduce the deficit on the profit and loss account on our
balance sheet by effecting a reduction of our share premium
account and offsetting the amount of such reduction against the
deficit on the profit and loss account. This process is known as
a share premium reduction.
When we issue shares at a value which represents a premium over
their nominal value, we are required by the Companies Act to
transfer the premium (subject to certain limited exceptions) to
a share premium account. Under the Companies Act, our ability to
utilize our share premium account is very limited and does not
include the payment of dividends. However, with the consent of
the Court, it is possible to reduce the share premium account,
and the reserve arising from such a reduction can be used to
eliminate a deficit on our profit and loss account.
The amount standing to the credit of our companys share
premium account at August 31, 2005 was approximately
$53 million. It is proposed that we reduce our share
premium account by $44 million. This reduction of the share
premium account will result in a reserve which can be written
off against our profit and loss account, thus eliminating the
deficit in our distributable reserves.
The share premium reduction must be approved by at least 75% of
the shares held by the shareholders that vote on the resolution
and by the Court. In order to satisfy the Court that our
creditors will be properly protected we propose to give an
undertaking to the Court to transfer to a special
non-distributable reserve (the Special Reserve) the
excess of the amount of the reduction of share premium account
over the deficit on our profit and loss account at the date when
the share premium reduction takes effect (the Effective
Date) and not to distribute the Special Reserve until all
of our creditors as at the Effective Date are paid off or have
otherwise consented to the share premium reduction. Any profits
made prior to the Effective Date will be credited to the Special
Reserve and will not be distributable unless and until all of
our creditors as of the Effective Date have been paid off or
have otherwise consented to the share premium reduction.
The shareholder vote in respect of the share premium reduction
is expected to take place at our annual general meeting on
November 14, 2005. Subject to it being approved by that
vote, the share premium reduction will become effective once a
copy of the order of the Court confirming the reduction is
registered with the Registrar of Companies for England and
Wales. Although it is not possible to predict with certainty
when an order of the Court will be granted and hence when the
share premium reduction will become effective, it is anticipated
that this will be on or around December 8, 2005.
We have terminated and no longer grant options under our 2000
Option Scheme, but options previously granted under 2000 Option
Scheme remain in full force and effect. We intend to file a
registration statement on Form S-8 to cover the issuance of
future shares upon exercise of presently unexercised options
under the 2000 Option Scheme.
In addition, before we proceed to purchase any of the Option
Shares pursuant to a rescission offer, we would seek
shareholders approval for such purchase(s) in accordance
with the requirements of the Companies Act. These requirements
are detailed and include the following:
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the relevant contract to purchase the Option Shares (the
Contract) must be approved in advance by a
shareholder resolution (the Resolution) approved by
at least 75% of the votes cast on the Resolution, excluding
votes carried by the Option Shares to which the Resolution
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a copy of the Contract (including the names of the shareholders
who will be party to the Contract) must be available for
inspection by our shareholders for at least 15 days prior
to the date of the shareholder meeting at which the Resolution
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requirements following the purchase of the Option Shares as to
public disclosure and inspection of the Contract and certain
information relating to the purchase. |
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PRICE RANGE OF GLOBAL DEPOSITARY SHARES
Our GDSs are currently traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange
under the symbol MHJG.
The following table summarizes the high and low sales prices of
our GDSs in euros as reported by the Frankfurt Stock Exchange
for the periods noted below, and as translated into
U.S. dollars at the currency exchange rate in effect on the
date the price was reported on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. The
currency exchange rate is based on the average bid and ask
exchange price as reported by OANDA for such date.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High | |
|
Low | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Year ended December 31, 2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
|
1.73 |
|
|
$ |
1.85 |
|
|
|
1.36 |
|
|
$ |
1.45 |
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
1.79 |
|
|
$ |
2.10 |
|
|
|
1.55 |
|
|
$ |
1.69 |
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
|
4.05 |
|
|
$ |
4.53 |
|
|
|
1.60 |
|
|
$ |
1.85 |
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
|
5.05 |
|
|
$ |
6.31 |
|
|
|
2.85 |
|
|
$ |
3.37 |
|
Year ended December 31, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
|
11.85 |
|
|
$ |
14.68 |
|
|
|
4.20 |
|
|
$ |
5.39 |
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
9.85 |
|
|
$ |
11.79 |
|
|
|
6.30 |
|
|
$ |
7.63 |
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
|
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
9.62 |
|
|
|
2.85 |
|
|
$ |
3.49 |
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
|
7.33 |
|
|
$ |
9.68 |
|
|
|
4.75 |
|
|
$ |
6.06 |
|
Year ended December 31, 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
|
8.25 |
|
|
$ |
10.66 |
|
|
|
6.16 |
|
|
$ |
8.02 |
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
|
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
10.37 |
|
|
|
5.26 |
|
|
$ |
6.47 |
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
|
7.50 |
|
|
$ |
9.28 |
|
|
|
5.25 |
|
|
$ |
6.85 |
|
|
Fourth Quarter (through November 3, 2005)
|
|
|
6.29 |
|
|
$ |
7.50 |
|
|
|
5.46 |
|
|
$ |
6.66 |
|
The last reported sales price of our GDSs on the Frankfurt Stock
Exchange on November 3, 2005 was
5.65 per GDS, or
$6.86 per GDS.
As of October 19, 2005, there were approximately
119 holders of record of our shares, including each account
held by our depository and its record holder. These figures do
not include beneficial owners who hold shares in nominee name.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our ordinary
shares. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our
ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. We currently intend
to retain all available funds and any future earnings to fund
the development and growth of our business.
Under English law, any payment of dividends would be subject to
the Companies Act 1985, as amended, which requires that all
dividends be approved by our board of directors and, in some
cases, our shareholders. Moreover, under English law, we may pay
dividends on our shares only out of profits available for
distribution determined in accordance with the Companies Act
1985, as amended, and accounting principles generally accepted
in the United Kingdom, which differ in some respects from
U.S. GAAP. We also may incur indebtedness in the future
that may prohibit or effectively restrict the payment of
dividends on our ordinary shares. Any future determination
related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of
our Board of Directors. In the event that dividends are paid in
the future, holders of the ADSs will be entitled to receive
payments in U.S. dollars in respect of dividends on the
underlying shares in accordance with the deposit agreement. See
Description of Share Capital Description of
Ordinary Shares Dividends and
Description of Share Capital Description of
American Depositary Shares Dividends and
Distributions.
33
CAPITALIZATION
The following table summarizes our cash, cash equivalents and
marketable securities and capitalization as of June 30,
2005.
You should read this table in conjunction with Selected
Consolidated Financial Data, Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and our consolidated financial statements and
related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands | |
|
|
except per share | |
|
|
data) | |
Notes payable, including current portion
|
|
$ |
11,775 |
|
Other liabilities
|
|
|
203 |
|
Shares subject to rescission
|
|
|
3,819 |
|
Shareholders equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares, £0.01 par value,
80,000,000 shares authorized; 25,901,160 shares issued
and outstanding
|
|
|
426 |
|
|
Additional paid-in-capital
|
|
|
53,921 |
|
|
Deferred share-based compensation
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(270 |
) |
|
Notes receivable from employees
|
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(42,507 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
11,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total capitalization
|
|
$ |
41,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
The number of our ordinary shares shown above is based on
25,901,160 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2005.
This information excludes:
|
|
|
|
|
8,949,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options as of June 30, 2005, with exercise
prices ranging from $0.90 to $9.54 per share and a weighted
average exercise price of $3.97 per share; |
|
|
|
530,000 ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants
outstanding as of June 30 2005, with an exercise price of
$2.52 per share; and |
|
|
|
15,072,500 ordinary shares available for issuance under our
share option schemes. |
34
DILUTION
Since this offering is being made solely by the selling
shareholders and none of the proceeds will be paid to us, except
for funds received from the exercise of warrants and options
held by selling shareholders, if and when exercised, our net
tangible book value per share will not be affected by this
offering.
35
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated
financial data. The data should be read in conjunction with
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated
financial statements, related notes, and other financial
information included herein. The following selected consolidated
statement of operations data and balance sheet data for the six
months ended June 30, 2005 and June 30, 2004 are
derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements
presented elsewhere is this registration statement. The
following selected consolidated statement of operations data for
each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2004, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of
December 31, 2003 and 2004, are derived from the audited
consolidated financial statements of our company included
elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated statement of
operations data for the year ended December 31, 2001 and
the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of
December 31, 2001 and 2002 are derived from the audited
consolidated financial statements of our company not included in
this prospectus. The consolidated statement of operations data
for the year ended December 31, 2000 and the selected
consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2000 are
derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements not
included in this prospectus. Our ordinary shares in the form of
GDSs currently trade on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, in
Germany. Pursuant to the laws governing this exchange, we
publicly reported our quarterly and annual operating results. On
April 28, 2004, we publicly announced that we had
discovered accounting inaccuracies in previously reported
financial statements. As a result, following consultation with
our new auditors, we restated our financial statements for the
first three quarters of 2003 and for each of the years ended
December 31, 2002 and 2001 to correct inappropriate
accounting entries. Based in part on the fact that our 2001 and
2002 annual and 2003 interim financial statements were restated,
it is likely that our 2000 unaudited financial statements would
have been subject to adjustments, which could have been
material, had they been subjected to an audit and do not reflect
accounting treatment or presentation consistent with audited
financial statements for the years ended and as of
December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. You should therefore not
rely on data derived from such financial statements. The
historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to
be expected in any future period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31,(1) | |
|
June 30,(1) | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2000 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data and paying subscriber data) | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$ |
6,670 |
|
|
$ |
10,434 |
|
|
$ |
16,352 |
|
|
$ |
36,941 |
|
|
$ |
65,052 |
|
|
$ |
30,862 |
|
|
$ |
31,990 |
|
Direct marketing expenses
|
|
|
5,257 |
|
|
|
2,044 |
|
|
|
5,396 |
|
|
|
18,395 |
|
|
|
31,240 |
|
|
|
15,864 |
|
|
|
11,279 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contribution margin
|
|
|
1,413 |
|
|
|
8,390 |
|
|
|
10,956 |
|
|
|
18,546 |
|
|
|
33,812 |
|
|
|
14,998 |
|
|
|
20,711 |
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indirect marketing
|
|
|
953 |
|
|
|
540 |
|
|
|
403 |
|
|
|
907 |
|
|
|
2,451 |
|
|
|
1,051 |
|
|
|
503 |
|
|
Customer service
|
|
|
402 |
|
|
|
641 |
|
|
|
1,207 |
|
|
|
2,536 |
|
|
|
3,379 |
|
|
|
1,878 |
|
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
Technical operations
|
|
|
628 |
|
|
|
1,772 |
|
|
|
1,587 |
|
|
|
4,341 |
|
|
|
7,162 |
|
|
|
3,318 |
|
|
|
2,950 |
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
138 |
|
|
|
359 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
|
|
959 |
|
|
|
2,013 |
|
|
|
871 |
|
|
|
1,890 |
|
|
General and administrative (excluding share-based compensation)
(2)
|
|
|
6,215 |
|
|
|
5,496 |
|
|
|
7,996 |
|
|
|
16,885 |
|
|
|
27,727 |
|
|
|
12,078 |
|
|
|
12,512 |
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,871 |
|
|
|
1,704 |
|
|
|
2,401 |
|
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
Amortization of intangible assets other than goodwill
|
|
|
1,127 |
|
|
|
2,137 |
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
555 |
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
|
482 |
|
|
|
411 |
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31,(1) | |
|
June 30,(1) | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2000 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data and paying subscriber data) | |
|
Impairment of long-lived assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,997 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,532 |
|
|
|
208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
9,463 |
|
|
|
14,942 |
|
|
|
12,320 |
|
|
|
29,586 |
|
|
|
45,504 |
|
|
|
22,079 |
|
|
|
19,375 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss)
|
|
|
(8,050 |
) |
|
|
(6,552 |
) |
|
|
(1,364 |
) |
|
|
(11,040 |
) |
|
|
(11,692 |
) |
|
|
(7,081 |
) |
|
|
1,336 |
|
Interest (income) and other expenses, net
|
|
|
1,113 |
|
|
|
1,627 |
|
|
|
(840 |
) |
|
|
(188 |
) |
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(9,163 |
) |
|
|
(8,179 |
) |
|
|
(524 |
) |
|
|
(10,852 |
) |
|
|
(11,626 |
) |
|
|
(7,113 |
) |
|
|
1,192 |
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$ |
(9,163 |
) |
|
$ |
(8,179 |
) |
|
$ |
(524 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,852 |
) |
|
$ |
(11,627 |
) |
|
$ |
(7,114 |
) |
|
$ |
1,128 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income per share basic and
diluted(3)
|
|
$ |
(0.69 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.47 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.57 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.51 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.33 |
) |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
basic(3)
|
|
|
13,213 |
|
|
|
17,460 |
|
|
|
18,460 |
|
|
|
18,970 |
|
|
|
22,667 |
|
|
|
21,521 |
|
|
|
25,389 |
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
diluted(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,080 |
|
Other Financial Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
$ |
160 |
|
|
$ |
544 |
|
|
$ |
874 |
|
|
$ |
1,441 |
|
|
$ |
3,065 |
|
|
$ |
1,369 |
|
|
$ |
1,767 |
|
Additional Information:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average paying
subscribers(4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58,700 |
|
|
|
125,800 |
|
|
|
226,100 |
|
|
|
217,900 |
|
|
|
219,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
2000 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(unaudited) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) | |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities
|
|
$ |
11,410 |
|
|
$ |
7,569 |
|
|
$ |
7,755 |
|
|
$ |
5,815 |
|
|
$ |
7,423 |
|
|
$ |
8,292 |
|
Total assets
|
|
|
23,409 |
|
|
|
16,352 |
|
|
|
17,461 |
|
|
|
16,969 |
|
|
|
27,359 |
|
|
|
41,485 |
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
362 |
|
|
|
993 |
|
|
|
1,535 |
|
|
|
3,232 |
|
|
|
3,933 |
|
|
|
3,925 |
|
Capital lease obligations and notes payable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
487 |
|
|
|
1,873 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
6,156 |
|
|
|
3,238 |
|
|
|
3,998 |
|
|
|
11,659 |
|
|
|
16,872 |
|
|
|
26,340 |
|
Shares subject to rescission
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,819 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,819 |
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(12,453 |
) |
|
|
(20,632 |
) |
|
|
(21,156 |
) |
|
|
(32,008 |
) |
|
|
(43,635 |
) |
|
|
(42,507 |
) |
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
17,253 |
|
|
|
13,114 |
|
|
|
13,463 |
|
|
|
5,310 |
|
|
|
6,668 |
|
|
|
11,326 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a
discussion of certain asset and business acquisitions. |
(2) |
In 2004, general and administrative expenses included an expense
of approximately $2.4 million related to an employee
severance, $2.1 million related to the United States
initial public offering of MatchNet, Inc. that was planned for
mid-2004, but which was withdrawn shortly after the related
registration statement was filed in the third quarter of 2004,
as well as one legal settlement resulting in the recognition of
$900,000 in expenses in the third quarter and two legal
settlements resulting in the recognition of $2.1 million in
expenses in the fourth quarter of 2004. In 2003, general and
administrative expenses included a charge of $1.7 million
primarily related to a settlement with Comdisco. |
(3) |
For information regarding the computation of per share amounts,
refer to note 1 of our consolidated financial statements. |
(4) |
Average paying subscribers for each month are calculated as the
sum of the paying subscribers at the beginning and the end of
the month, divided by two. Average paying subscribers for
periods longer than one month are calculated as the sum of the
average paying subscribers for each month, divided by the number
of months in such period. Additionally, refer to |
37
|
|
|
Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations for a discussion of business metrics we use to
evaluate our business. We did not track data for the years ended
December 31, 2000 and 2001 sufficient to accurately set
forth the number of average paying subscribers for the
respective periods.
|
(5) |
Under our 2000 Executive Share
Option Scheme (2000 Option Scheme), we granted
options to purchase ordinary shares to certain of our employees,
directors and consultants. The issuances of securities upon
exercise of options granted under our 2000 Option Scheme may not
have been exempt from registration and qualification under
federal and California state securities laws, and as a result,
we may have potential liability to those employees, directors
and consultants to whom we issued securities upon the exercise
of these options. In order to address that issue, we may elect
to make a rescission offer to those persons who exercised all,
or a portion, of those options and continue to hold the shares
issued upon exercise, to give them the opportunity to rescind
the issuance of those shares. However, it is the Securities and
Exchange Commissions position that a rescission offer will
not bar or extinguish any liability under the Securities Act of
1933 with respect to these options and shares, nor will a
rescission offer extinguish a holders right to rescind the
issuance of securities that were not registered or exempt from
the registration requirements under the Securities Act of 1933.
As of August 31, 2005, assuming every eligible person that
continues to hold the securities issued upon exercise of options
granted under the 2000 Option Scheme were to accept a rescission
offer, we estimate the total cost to us to complete the
rescission would be approximately $3.8 million including
statutory interest at 7% per annum, accrued since the date
of exercise of the options. The rescission acquisition price is
calculated as equal to the original exercise price paid by the
optionee to our company upon exercise of their option.
|
38
PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL DATA
The following unaudited pro forma combined financial information
gives effect to the acquisition on May 19, 2005, by Spark
Networks plc (formerly MatchNet plc) of MingleMatch, Inc., a
corporation based in Provo, Utah. The purchase price for the
acquisition was $12 million in cash, which will be paid
over 12 months (as discussed further in note 5, notes
payable), as well as 150,000 shares of the Companys
ordinary shares which, on the date of the acquisition, carried a
value of approximately $1.2 million. For the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2004, MingleMatch reported net revenues
of approximately $2.5 million and a loss of $443,000.
The unaudited pro forma combined financial information is for
illustrative purposes only and reflects certain estimates and
assumptions. These unaudited pro forma combined financial
statements should be read in conjunction with the accompanying
notes, our historical consolidated financial statements and
MingleMatchs historical financial statements, including
the notes thereto, and Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,
all of which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The unaudited pro forma combined statements of operation for the
year ended December 31, 2004 and the six months ended
June 30, 2005 give effect to the acquisition of
MingleMatch, Inc. as if it had been completed on January 1,
2004. Our combined financial statements include the results of
operations of MingleMatch, Inc. from its acquisition date
(May 19, 2005) to June 30, 2005.
The unaudited pro forma combined financial statements are not
necessarily indicative of operating results which would have
been achieved had the foregoing transaction actually been
completed at the beginning of the subject periods and should not
be construed as representative of future operating results.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2004 | |
|
Six Months ended June 30, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Spark | |
|
Mingle | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Spark | |
|
Mingle | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
|
Networks | |
|
Match | |
|
Adjustments | |
|
Combined | |
|
Networks | |
|
Match | |
|
Adjustments | |
|
Combined | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands except per share amounts) | |
|
(in thousands except per share amounts) | |
Net revenues
|
|
$ |
65,052 |
|
|
$ |
2,504 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
67,556 |
|
|
$ |
31,990 |
|
|
$ |
1,453 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
33,443 |
|
Direct marketing expenses
|
|
|
31,240 |
|
|
|
1,432 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,672 |
|
|
|
11,279 |
|
|
|
741 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12,020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contribution margin
|
|
|
33,812 |
|
|
|
1,072 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34,884 |
|
|
|
20,711 |
|
|
|
712 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,423 |
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indirect marketing
|
|
|
2,451 |
|
|
|
54 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,505 |
|
|
|
503 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
582 |
|
|
Customer service
|
|
|
3,379 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,479 |
|
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
|
147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,284 |
|
|
Technical operations
|
|
|
7,162 |
|
|
|
353 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,515 |
|
|
|
2,950 |
|
|
|
350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,300 |
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
2,013 |
|
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,090 |
|
|
|
1,890 |
|
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,003 |
|
|
General and administrative (excluding share-based compensation)
|
|
|
27,727 |
|
|
|
947 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28,674 |
|
|
|
12,512 |
|
|
|
986 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,498 |
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
1,704 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,704 |
|
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
Amortization of intangible assets other than goodwill
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
(1) |
|
|
2,061 |
|
|
|
411 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
313 |
(1) |
|
|
726 |
|
|
Impairment of long lived assets
|
|
|
208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
208 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
45,504 |
|
|
|
1,535 |
|
|
|
1,197 |
|
|
|
48,236 |
|
|
|
19,375 |
|
|
|
1,677 |
|
|
|
313 |
|
|
|
21,365 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating (loss) income
|
|
|
(11,692 |
) |
|
|
(463 |
) |
|
|
(1,197 |
) |
|
|
(13,352 |
) |
|
|
1,336 |
|
|
|
(965 |
) |
|
|
(313 |
) |
|
|
58 |
|
Interest (income) and other expenses, net
|
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(86 |
) |
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
(209 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(65 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pre-tax (loss) income
|
|
|
(11,626 |
) |
|
|
(443 |
) |
|
|
(1,197 |
) |
|
|
(13,266 |
) |
|
|
1,192 |
|
|
|
(756 |
) |
|
|
(313 |
) |
|
|
123 |
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
$ |
(11,627 |
) |
|
$ |
(443 |
) |
|
$ |
(1,197 |
) |
|
$ |
(13,267 |
) |
|
$ |
1,128 |
|
|
$ |
(756 |
) |
|
$ |
(313 |
) |
|
$ |
59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2004 | |
|
Six Months ended June 30, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Spark | |
|
Mingle | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Spark | |
|
Mingle | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
Pro Forma | |
|
|
Networks | |
|
Match | |
|
Adjustments | |
|
Consolidated | |
|
Networks | |
|
Match | |
|
Adjustments | |
|
Consolidated | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands except per share amounts) | |
|
(in thousands except per share amounts) | |
Net (loss) income per ordinary share basic
|
|
$ |
(0.51 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(0.58 |
) |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
Net (loss) income per ordinary share diluted
|
|
$ |
(0.51 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(0.58 |
) |
|
$ |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding basic
|
|
|
22,667 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
22,817 |
|
|
|
25,389 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,389 |
|
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding diluted
|
|
|
22,667 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
|
22,817 |
|
|
|
29,080 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,080 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Represents the amortization of intangible assets that would have
occurred if the purchase had happened on January 1, 2004.
Calculated as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended | |
|
Stub Period Ending | |
|
|
December 31, 2004 | |
|
May 18, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Domain Names
|
|
$ |
786 |
|
|
$ |
297 |
|
Subscriber Databases
|
|
|
370 |
|
|
|
|
|
Developed Software
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Amortization
|
|
$ |
1,197 |
|
|
$ |
313 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the
assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of
acquisition.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of May 19, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Current assets (including cash acquired of $221)
|
|
$ |
295 |
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
162 |
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
8,172 |
|
Domain names and databases
|
|
|
4,655 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets acquired
|
|
|
13,284 |
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets acquired
|
|
$ |
13,243 |
|
Of the $4,655,000 of acquired intangible assets, $2,360,000 was
assigned to member databases and will be amortized over three
years, $370,000 was assigned to subscriber databases which will
be amortized over three months, $205,000 was assigned to
developed software which will be amortized over five years, and
$1,720,000 was assigned to domain names which are not subject to
amortization.
Of the $8,171,600 of acquired goodwill, $400,000 was assigned to
assembled workforce.
40
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and
results of operations should be read in conjunction with our
unaudited and audited consolidated financial statements and the
related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.
This prospectus, including the sections entitled
Prospectus Summary, Risk Factors,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and
Business, contains forward-looking statements that
involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements
other than statements of historical facts contained in this
prospectus, including statements regarding our future financial
position, business strategy and plans and objectives of
management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking
statements by terminology such as believes,
expects, anticipates,
intends, estimates, may,
will, continue, should,
plan, predict, potential or
the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. We
have based these forward-looking statements on our current
expectations and projections about future events and financial
trends that we believe may affect our financial condition,
results of operations, business strategy and financial needs.
Our actual results could differ materially from those
anticipated in these forward-looking statements, which are
subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions
described in Risk Factors section and elsewhere in
this prospectus.
General
We are a public limited company incorporated under the laws of
England and Wales and our ordinary shares in the form of GDSs
currently trade on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. We are a
leading provider of online personals services in the United
States and internationally. Our Web sites enable adults to meet
online and participate in a community, become friends, date,
form a long-term relationship or marry.
Our revenues have grown from $659,000 in 1999 to
$65.1 million in 2004. For the six month period ended
June 30, 2005, we had approximately 219,200 average paying
subscribers, representing an increase of 0.6% from the same
period in 2004. We define a member as an individual who has
posted a personal profile during the immediately preceding
12 months or an individual who has previously posted a
personal profile and has subsequently logged on to one of our
Web sites at least once in the preceding 12 months. Paying
subscribers are defined as individuals who have paid a monthly
fee for access to communication and Web site features beyond
those provided to our members, and average paying subscribers
for each month are calculated as the sum of the paying
subscribers at the beginning and the end of the month, divided
by two. Our key Web sites are JDate.com, which targets the
Jewish singles community in the United States, at a current
subscription fee of $34.95 for a one month subscription, and
AmericanSingles.com, which targets the U.S. mainstream
online singles community, at a current subscription fee of
$29.85 for a one month subscription. Our subscription fees are
charged on a monthly basis, with discounts for longer-term
subscriptions ranging from three to twelve months. Longer-term
subscriptions are charged up-front and we recognize revenue over
the terms of such subscriptions.
We have grown both internally and through acquisitions of
entities, and selected assets of entities, offering online
personals services and related businesses. As a result of each
of these acquisitions, we have been able to expand and
cross-promote into vertical affinity markets, combine the target
entitys existing database of online personals customers
into one of our Web sites databases, with the goal of
attracting new members to our Web sites, retaining as many of
them as possible and converting them into paying subscribers.
Through our business acquisitions, we have expanded into new
markets,
41
leveraged and enhanced our existing brands to improve our
position within new markets, and gained valuable intellectual
property. During the last three years, we made the following
acquisitions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
In May 2005, we acquired MingleMatch, Inc., a company that
operates religious, ethnic, special interest and geographically
targeted online singles communities. The acquisition of
MingleMatch fits with our strategy of creating affinity-focused
online personals that provide quality experiences for our
members. We expect that our purchase of MingleMatch will allow
for numerous cost savings and revenue synergies. Expected cost
savings include savings from cost reductions in customer service
and marketing, where we plan to be able to market to existing
members of our other Web sites, particularly
AmericanSingles. Expected revenue synergies include
cross-promotion and bundled subscription opportunities with
members of our other Web sites, particularly AmericanSingles. |
|
|
|
|
In September 2004, we purchased a 20% equity interest, with an
option to acquire the remaining interest, in Duplo AB, an online
provider of social networking products and services in Sweden,
with the intent of expanding into new markets and strengthening
our existing brands. |
|
|
|
In January 2004, we purchased Point Match Ltd., a competitor of
JDate.co.il in Israel. |
Our future performance will depend on many factors, including:
|
|
|
|
|
continued acceptance of online personals services; |
|
|
|
our ability to attract a large number of new members and paying
subscribers, and retain those members and paying subscribers; |
|
|
|
our ability to increase brand awareness, both domestically and
internationally; |
|
|
|
our ability to sustain and, when possible, increase subscription
fees for our services; and |
|
|
|
our ability to introduce new targeted Web sites, affiliate
programs, fee-based services and advertising as additional
sources of revenues. |
Our ability to compete effectively will depend on the timely
introduction and performance of our future Web sites, services
and features, the ability to address the needs of our members
and paying subscribers and the ability to respond to Web sites,
services and features introduced by competitors. To address this
challenge, we have invested and will continue to invest existing
personnel resources, namely internet engineers and programmers,
in order to enhance our existing services and introduce new
services, which may include new Web sites as well as new
features and functions designed to increase the probability of
communication among our members and paying subscribers and to
enhance their online personals experiences. Our software
development team consisted of 34 employees as of June 30,
2005, who are focused on expanding and improving the features
and functionality of our Web sites. The Company believes that it
has sufficient cash resources on hand to accomplish the
enhancements that are currently contemplated.
Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and
results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial
statements, which have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
The preparation of these financial statements requires us to
make certain estimates and judgments that affect the reported
amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and
related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an
on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those
related to revenue recognition, prepaid advertising, Web site
and software development costs, goodwill, intangible and other
long-lived assets, accounting for business combinations,
contingencies and income taxes. We base our estimates on
historical experience
42
and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable
under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for
making judgments about the carrying values of assets and
liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Actual results may differ from these estimates under different
assumptions or conditions.
Management has discussed the development and selection of our
critical accounting policies, estimates and assumptions with our
Board of Directors and the Board has reviewed these disclosures.
We believe the following critical accounting policies reflect
the more significant judgments and estimates we used in the
preparation of our consolidated financial statements:
Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue
Substantially all of our revenues are derived from subscription
fees. Revenues are presented net of credits and credit card
chargebacks. We recognize revenue in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States and with
Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition.
Recognition occurs ratably over the subscription period,
beginning when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement,
delivery has occurred (access has been granted), the fees are
fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.
Paying subscribers primarily pay in advance using a credit card
and all purchases are final and nonrefundable. Subscription fees
collected in advance are deferred and recognized as revenue,
using the straight-line method, over the term of the
subscription. We reserve for potential credit card chargebacks
based on our historical chargeback experience.
Direct Marketing Expenses
We incur substantial expenses related to our advertising in
order to generate traffic to our Web sites. These advertising
costs are primarily online advertising, including affiliate and
co-brand arrangements, and are directly attributable to the
revenues we receive from our subscribers. We have entered into
numerous affiliate arrangements, under which our affiliate
advertises or promotes our Web site on its Web site, and earns a
fee whenever visitors to its Web site click though the
advertisement to one of our Web sites and registers or
subscribes on our Web site. Affiliate deals may fall in the
categories of either CPS, CPA, CPC, or CPM, as discussed below.
We do not typically have any exclusivity arrangements with our
affiliates, and some of our affiliates may also be affiliates
for our competitors. Under our co-branded arrangements, our
co-brand partners may operate their own separate Web sites where
visitors can register and subscribe to our Web sites. Our
co-brand arrangements are usually CPS type arrangements.
Our advertising expenses are recognized based on the terms of
each individual contract. The majority of our advertising
expenses are based on four pricing models:
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Cost per subscription (CPS) where we pay an online
advertising provider a fee based upon the number of new paying
subscribers that it generates; |
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|
Cost per acquisition (CPA) where we pay an online
advertising provider a fee based on the number of new member
registrations it generates; |
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|
Cost per click (CPC) where we pay an online advertising
provider a fee based on the number of clicks to our Web sites it
generates; and |
|
|
|
Cost per thousand for banner advertising (CPM) where we pay
an online advertising provider a fee based on the number of
times it displays our advertisements. |
We estimate in certain circumstances the total clicks or
impressions delivered by our vendors in order to determine
amounts due under these contracts.
43
Prepaid Advertising Expenses
In certain circumstances, we pay in advance for Internet-based
advertising on other Web sites, and expense the prepaid amounts
as direct marketing expenses over the contract periods as the
contracted Web site delivers on its commitment. We evaluate the
realization of prepaid amounts at each reporting period and
expense prepaid amounts if the contracted Web site is unable to
deliver on its commitment.
Web Site and Software Development Costs
We capitalize costs related to developing or obtaining
internal-use software. Capitalization of costs begins after the
conceptual formulation stage has been completed. Product
development costs are expensed as incurred or capitalized into
property and equipment in accordance with Statement of Position
(SOP) 98-1 Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use.
SOP 98-1 requires that costs incurred in the preliminary
project and post-implementation stages of an internal-use
software project be expensed as incurred and that certain costs
incurred in the application development stage of a project be
capitalized. We exercise judgment in determining which stage of
development a software project is in at any point in time.
In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force
(EITF) 00-2 Accounting for Web Site
Development Costs, we expense costs related to the
planning and post-implementation phases of our Web site
development efforts. Direct costs incurred in the development
phase are capitalized. Costs associated with minor enhancements
and maintenance for the Web site are included in expenses in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Capitalized Web site and software development costs are included
in internal-use software in property and equipment and amortized
over the estimated useful life of the products, which is usually
three years. In accordance with the above accounting literature,
we estimate the amount of time spent by our engineers in
developing our software and enhancements to our Web sites.
On a regular basis, management reviews the capitalized costs of
Web sites and software developed to ensure that these costs
relate to projects that will be completed and placed in service.
Any projects determined not to be viable will be reviewed for
impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144.
Valuation of Goodwill, Identified Intangibles and Other
Long-lived Assets
We test goodwill and intangible assets for impairment in
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 142, Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets and test property, plant and equipment
for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144,
Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets. We assess goodwill, and other indefinite-lived
intangible assets at least annually, or more frequently when
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be
recoverable. Factors we consider important and which could
trigger an impairment review include the following:
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a significant decline in actual projected revenue; |
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|
a significant decline in the market value of our depositary
shares; |
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|
a significant decline in performance of certain acquired
companies relative to our original projections; |
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|
an excess of our net book value over our market value; |
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|
a significant decline in our operating results relative to our
operating forecasts; |
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|
a significant change in the manner of our use of acquired assets
or the strategy for our overall business; |
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|
a significant decrease in the market value of an asset; |
44
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a shift in technology demands and development; and |
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a significant turnover in key management or other personnel. |
When we determine that the carrying value of goodwill, other
intangible assets and other long-lived assets may not be
recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above
indicators of impairment, we measure any impairment based on a
projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate
determined by our management to be commensurate with the risk
inherent in our current business model. In the case of the other
intangible assets and other long-lived assets, this measurement
is only performed if the projected undiscounted cash flows for
the asset are less than its carrying value. No indicators of
impairment in goodwill were present in 2003. We had impairment
charges related to long-lived assets of $1.5 million in
2003 in accordance with SFAS No. 144.
Accounting for Business Combinations
We have acquired the stock or specific assets of a number of
companies from 1999 through 2004 some of which were considered
to be business acquisitions. Under the purchase method of
accounting, the cost, including transaction costs, are allocated
to the underlying net assets, based on their respective
estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the
estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as
goodwill.
The judgments made in determining the estimated fair value and
expected useful life assigned to each class of assets and
liabilities acquired can significantly impact net income.
Different classes of assets will have useful lives that differ.
For example, the useful life of member database, which is three
years, is not the same as the useful life of a paying subscriber
list, which is three months, or a domain name, which is
indefinite. Consequently, to the extent a longer-lived asset is
ascribed greater value under the purchase method than a
shorter-lived asset, there may be less amortization recorded in
a given period or no amortization for indefinite lived
intangibles.
Determining the fair value of certain assets and liabilities
acquired is subjective in nature and often involves the use of
significant estimates and assumptions.
The value of our intangible and other long-lived assets,
including goodwill, is exposed to future adverse changes if we
experience declines in operating results or experience
significant negative industry or economic trends or if future
performance is below historical trends. We review intangible
assets and goodwill for impairment at least annually or more
frequently when circumstances indicate that the carrying value
may not be recoverable using the guidance of applicable
accounting literature. We continually review the events and
circumstances related to our financial performance and economic
environment for factors that would provide evidence of the
impairment of goodwill, identifiable intangibles and other
long-lived assets.
We use the equity method of accounting for our investments in
affiliates over which we exert significant influence.
Significant influence is generally having a 20% to 50% ownership
interest. At June 30, 2005, we owned a 20% interest in
Duplo AB which we account for using the equity method.
Legal Contingencies
We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings, as
discussed in the notes to the financial statements and under
Business Legal Proceedings. To the
extent that a loss related to a contingency is reasonably
estimable and probable, we accrue an estimate of that loss.
Because of the uncertainties related to both the amount and
range of loss on certain pending litigation, we may be unable to
make a reasonable estimate of the liability that could result
from an unfavorable outcome of such litigation. As additional
information becomes available, we will assess the potential
liability related to our pending litigation and make or, if
necessary, revise our estimates. Such revisions in our estimates
of the potential liability could materially impact our results
of operations and financial position.
45
Accounting for Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability
method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets
and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of
temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases
of the assets and liabilities. In accordance with the provisions
of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income
Taxes, we record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred
tax assets to the amount expected to more likely than not be
realized in our future tax returns. As of December 31, 2004
and 2003, we had a valuation allowance that completely offset
our deferred tax asset. Should we determine in the future that
we will likely realize all or part of our net deferred tax
assets, we will adjust the valuation allowance so that we will
have a deferred tax asset available that will be realized in our
future tax returns.
At December 31, 2004, we had net operating loss
carry-forwards of approximately $42.0 million and
$38.0 million available to reduce future federal and state
taxable income, respectively. Under Section 382 of the
Internal Revenue Code, the utilization of the net operating loss
carry-forwards can be limited based on changes in the percentage
ownership of our company. Of the net operating losses available,
approximately $1.5 million and $800,000 for federal and
state purposes, respectively, are attributable to losses
incurred by an acquired subsidiary. Such losses are subject to
other restrictions on usage including the requirement that they
are only available to offset future income of the subsidiary. In
addition, the available net operating losses do not include any
amounts generated by the acquired subsidiary prior to the
acquisition date due to substantial uncertainty regarding our
ability to realize the benefit in the future.
Segment Reporting
We divide our business into three operating segments:
(1) the JDate segment, which consists of our JDate.com Web
site and its co-branded Web sites, (2) the AmericanSingles
segment, which consists of our AmericanSingles.com Web site and
its co-branded Web sites, and (3) the Other Businesses
segment, which consists of all of our other Web sites and
businesses.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(in thousands) | |
Net Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
$ |
8,372 |
|
|
$ |
16,091 |
|
|
$ |
23,820 |
|
|
$ |
11,597 |
|
|
$ |
12,703 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
6,644 |
|
|
|
19,253 |
|
|
|
35,224 |
|
|
|
17,255 |
|
|
|
15,353 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
1,336 |
|
|
|
1,597 |
|
|
|
6,008 |
|
|
|
2,010 |
|
|
|
3,934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
16,352 |
|
|
$ |
36,941 |
|
|
$ |
65,052 |
|
|
$ |
30,862 |
|
|
$ |
31,990 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct Marketing Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
$ |
224 |
|
|
$ |
739 |
|
|
$ |
1,740 |
|
|
$ |
697 |
|
|
$ |
1,208 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
3,970 |
|
|
|
15,887 |
|
|
|
24,954 |
|
|
|
13,394 |
|
|
|
7,570 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
1,202 |
|
|
|
1,769 |
|
|
|
4,546 |
|
|
|
1,773 |
|
|
|
2,501 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
5,396 |
|
|
$ |
18,395 |
|
|
$ |
31,240 |
|
|
$ |
15,864 |
|
|
$ |
11,279 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contribution:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
$ |
8,148 |
|
|
$ |
15,352 |
|
|
$ |
22,080 |
|
|
$ |
10,900 |
|
|
$ |
11,495 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
2,674 |
|
|
|
3,366 |
|
|
|
10,270 |
|
|
|
3,861 |
|
|
|
7,783 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
134 |
|
|
|
(172 |
) |
|
|
1,462 |
|
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
1,433 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
10,956 |
|
|
$ |
18,546 |
|
|
$ |
33,812 |
|
|
$ |
14,998 |
|
|
$ |
20,711 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46
Key Business Metrics
We regularly review certain operating metrics in order to
evaluate the effectiveness of our operating strategies and
monitor the financial performance of our business. The key
business metrics that we utilize include the following:
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|
Average Paying Subscribers: Paying subscribers are
defined as individuals who have paid a monthly fee for access to
communication and Web site features beyond those provided to our
members. Average paying subscribers for each month are
calculated as the sum of the paying subscribers at the beginning
and the end of the month, divided by two. Average paying
subscribers for periods longer than one month are calculated as
the sum of the average paying subscribers for each month,
divided by the number of months in such period. |
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|
|
Average Monthly Net Revenue per Paying Subscriber:
Average monthly net revenue per paying subscriber represents the
total net subscriber revenue for the period divided by the
number of average paying subscribers for the period, divided by
the number of months in the period. |
|
|
|
Direct Subscriber Acquisition Cost: Direct
subscriber acquisition cost is defined as total direct marketing
costs divided by the number of new paying subscribers during the
period. This represents the average cost of acquiring a new
paying subscriber during the period. |
|
|
|
Monthly Subscriber Churn: Monthly subscriber churn
represents the ratio expressed as a percentage of (i) the
number of paying subscriber cancellations during the period
divided by the number of average paying subscribers during the
period and (ii) the number of months in the period. |
Unaudited selected statistical information regarding our key
operating metrics for the years ended December 31, 2002,
2003, and 2004 and the six month periods ended June 30,
2005 and 2004 is shown in the table below. The references to
Other Businesses in this table indicate metrics data
for our Other Businesses segment, excluding travel and events.
Our Other Businesses segment includes all
MingleMatch Web sites, along with JDate.co.il (Israel), Cupid
(Israel), Date.ca (Canada), Matchnet.co.uk (United Kingdom),
Matchnet.de (Germany), Matchnet.com.au (Australia), Glimpse.com
(United States) and CollegeLuv.com (United States). At the time
of acquisition in May 2005, MingleMatch had approximately 23,000
average paying subscribers.
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Average Paying Subscribers (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
|
27.7 |
|
|
|
50.7 |
|
|
|
69.8 |
|
|
|
71.2 |
|
|
|
69.3 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
29.5 |
|
|
|
71.5 |
|
|
|
132.5 |
|
|
|
129.9 |
|
|
|
115.3 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
23.8 |
|
|
|
16.8 |
|
|
|
34.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
58.7 |
|
|
|
125.8 |
|
|
|
226.1 |
|
|
|
217.9 |
|
|
|
219.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Monthly Net Revenue per Paying Subscriber:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
$ |
25.20 |
|
|
$ |
26.44 |
|
|
$ |
28.42 |
|
|
$ |
27.14 |
|
|
$ |
30.56 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
18.77 |
|
|
|
22.43 |
|
|
|
22.16 |
|
|
|
22.60 |
|
|
|
22.19 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
33.17 |
|
|
|
23.72 |
|
|
|
16.75 |
|
|
|
15.36 |
|
|
|
18.11 |
|
|
All Segments
|
|
|
22.17 |
|
|
|
24.09 |
|
|
|
23.53 |
|
|
|
23.52 |
|
|
|
24.19 |
|
47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Direct Subscriber Acquisition Cost:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
$ |
2.90 |
|
|
$ |
4.39 |
|
|
$ |
8.09 |
|
|
$ |
6.43 |
|
|
$ |
11.30 |
|
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
38.68 |
|
|
|
45.70 |
|
|
|
43.29 |
|
|
|
44.40 |
|
|
|
32.68 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
78.43 |
|
|
|
80.32 |
|
|
|
34.74 |
|
|
|
32.10 |
|
|
|
34.64 |
|
|
All Segments
|
|
|
25.56 |
|
|
|
33.84 |
|
|
|
33.85 |
|
|
|
34.13 |
|
|
|
27.35 |
|
Monthly Subscriber Churn:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JDate
|
|
|
18.2 |
% |
|
|
22.4 |
% |
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
25.9 |
% |
|
|
26.2 |
% |
|
AmericanSingles
|
|
|
24.3 |
|
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
|
35.6 |
|
|
|
35.7 |
|
|
|
36.8 |
|
|
Other Businesses
|
|
|
32.6 |
|
|
|
33.4 |
|
|
|
26.8 |
|
|
|
40.1 |
|
|
|
23.6 |
|
|
All Segments
|
|
|
21.6 |
|
|
|
28.2 |
|
|
|
31.7 |
|
|
|
32.0 |
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
The larger increase in average paying subscribers for
AmericanSingles as compared to the increase for JDate was
primarily due to JDate possessing a larger portion of its
market, while AmericanSingles possessed a smaller portion of its
market and its average paying subscribers has, as a result,
grown more quickly.
We have embarked in increases in marketing spending for JDate,
primarily in the area of off-line marketing. Such marketing
initiatives are targeted at brand building and name recognition.
The marketing programs most prominently include print and
billboard advertising. We include the costs of these marketing
programs in the direct marketing expense for the JDate segment.
As these are new marketing initiatives and spending that we have
not previously undertaken, it has resulted in an increase in our
customer acquisition cost for JDate. Even after these increased
spending programs, the cost of customer acquisition for JDate is
significantly lower than for our other segments due to the
strong brand perception and word of mouth reputation of JDate.
Our recent marketing initiatives are targeted specifically at
maintaining that strong word of mouth name reputation and brand
recognition.
The cost of customer acquisition for JDate is significantly
lower than for our other segments due to its strong brand and we
expect the cost of customer acquisition for JDate to remain
below that for our other segments. AmericanSingles and our other
Web sites operate in much more competitive environments, and
must spend more on marketing to attract new subscribers.
Churn rate is somewhat independent from an increasing number of
subscribers opting for multi-month contracts. Churn rate is
calculated as the ratio of monthly subscriber cancellations
during the period, divided by the average paying subscribers in
a period. During a period where the number of total new
subscribers and subscribers canceling are both increasing, but
more new subscribers are choosing longer term contracts, then
churn rate can increase while average revenue per subscriber
falls. We are constantly striving to improve our Web sites to
retain our existing subscribers. However, we do not forecast
churn rates, and lack the ability to accurately do so.
48
Results of Operations
The following is a more detailed discussion of our financial
condition and results of operations for the periods presented.
The following table presents our historical operating results as
a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six months ended | |
|
|
Year ended December 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
2002 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Direct marketing expenses
|
|
|
33.0 |
|
|
|
49.8 |
|
|
|
48.0 |
|
|
|
51.4 |
|
|
|
35.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contribution margin
|
|
|
67.0 |
|
|
|
50.2 |
|
|
|
52.0 |
|
|
|
48.6 |
|
|
|
64.7 |
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indirect marketing
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
Customer service
|
|
|
7.4 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
Technical operations
|
|
|
9.7 |
|
|
|
11.7 |
|
|
|
11.0 |
|
|
|
10.8 |
|
|
|
9.2 |
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
3.7 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
5.9 |
|
|
General and administrative (excluding share-based compensation)
|
|
|
48.8 |
|
|
|
45.7 |
|
|
|
42.7 |
|
|
|
39.1 |
|
|
|
39.1 |
|
|
Share-based compensation
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
5.1 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
Amortization of intangible assets other than goodwill
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
75.3 |
|
|
|
80.1 |
|
|
|
70.0 |
|
|
|
71.6 |
|
|
|
60.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating loss
|
|
|
(8.3 |
) |
|
|
(29.9 |
) |
|
|
(18.0 |
) |
|
|
(23.0 |
) |
|
|
4.1 |
|
Interest (income) and other expenses, net
|
|
|
(5.1 |
) |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before income taxes
|
|
|
(3.2 |
) |
|
|
(29.4 |
) |
|
|
(17.9 |
) |
|
|
(23.1 |
) |
|
|
3.6 |
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income
|
|
|
(3.2 |
)% |
|
|
(29.4 |
)% |
|
|
(17.9 |
)% |
|
|
(23.1 |
)% |
|
|
3.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 Compared to Six Months
Ended June 30, 2004.
Business Metrics
For the six months ended June 30, 2005, average paying
subscribers for the JDate segment decreased 2.7% to 69,300,
compared to 71,200 for the same period last year. For the six
months ended June 30, 2005, average paying subscribers for
the AmericanSingles segment decreased 11.2% to 115,300, compared
to 129,900 for the same period last year. For the six months
ended June 30, 2005, average paying subscribers for Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment increased 106.0% 34,600,
compared 16,800 for the same period last year. The decrease in
average paying subscribers for JDate is due to an increase in
our churn rate. The decrease in average paying subscribers for
AmericanSingles is due to a decline in the total marketing
expenditures in 2005 compared to 2004. The increase in average
paying subscribers for our other web sites is due primarily to
the acquisitions of MingleMatch, Inc. in May 2005 and the growth
of our Cupid Web site in Israel, as well as an increase in
international Web sites which began operations in early 2004.
49
For six months ended June 30, 2005, average monthly net
revenue per paying subscriber for the JDate segment increased
12.6% to $30.56, compared to $27.14 for the six months in 2004.
The increase was due to an increase in net revenue associated
with new subscriptions at a higher price point, offset by the
decline in average paying subscribers as discussed above. For
the six months ended June 30, 2005, average monthly net
revenue per paying subscriber for the AmericanSingles segment
decreased slightly to $22.19 from $22.60 for the six months
ended June 30, 2004. For the six months ended June 30,
2005, average monthly net revenue per paying subscriber for Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment increased 17.9% to $18.11,
compared to $15.36 for the six months ended June 30, 2004.
The increase was primarily due to the addition of MingleMatch
during the second quarter of 2005.
For the six months ended June 30, 2005, direct subscriber
acquisition cost for JDate increased 75.7% to $11.30, compared
to $6.43 for the same period in 2004. The increase in direct
subscriber acquisition costs for JDate is due to new marketing
initiatives for the JDate site in order solidify and expand
JDates brand awareness. For the six months ended
June 30, 2005, direct subscriber acquisition costs for
AmericanSingles decreased 26.4% to $32.68, compared to $44.40
for the same period ended June 30, 2004 due to a decrease
in marketing expenditures associated with the AmericanSingles
Web site. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, direct
subscriber acquisition cost for the Web sites in our Other
Businesses segment increased 7.9% to $34.64, compared to $32.10
for the same period of 2004. The increase in direct subscriber
acquisition costs for our Other Businesses segment in the first
half of 2005 is due to an increased marketing effort to attract
new subscribers to the international Web sites that were
launched in early 2004.
For the six months ended June 30, 2005, monthly subscriber
churn for JDate increased slightly to 26.2%, compared to 25.9%
for the same period in 2004. For the six months ended
June 30, 2005, monthly subscriber churn for AmericanSingles
increased to 36.8%, compared to 35.7% for the same period in
2004. For the six months ended June 30, 2005, monthly
subscriber churn for the Web sites in our Other Businesses
segment decreased to 23.6%, as compared with 40.1% for the same
period in 2004. The decrease in the churn rate in the second
quarter of 2005 is due to the addition of MingleMatch.
Net Revenues
Net revenues for JDate increased 9.5% to $12.7 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to
$11.6 million for the first six months of 2004. The
increase in net revenues for JDate is due to an increase in
pricing in mid 2004 which contributed to increased revenues
despite the decline in average paying subscribers discussed
above. Net revenues for AmericanSingles decreased 11.0% to
$15.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005,
compared to $17.3 million in 2004. The decrease in
AmericanSingles net revenue is due to the decrease in average
paying subscribers for the reasons discussed above. Net revenues
for our Other Businesses segment increased 95.7% to
$3.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005
compared to $2.0 million in 2004. The increase in net
revenues for our Other Businesses is attributed to the
acquisition of MingleMatch and the growth of our international
Web sites which were launched in early 2004.
Direct Marketing Expenses
Direct marketing expenses for JDate increased 73.3% to
$1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005
compared to $697,000 in 2004. The increase in marketing spend
was due to new marketing initiatives for JDate designed to
solidify and expand JDates brand awareness. Direct
marketing expenses for AmericanSingles decreased 43.5% to
$7.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005
compared to $13.4 million in the same period last year. In
the second quarter of 2004, the Company initiated an aggressive
marketing program, primarily for American Singles. Upon review,
it became apparent that such aggressive spending was not
generating sufficient incremental revenue and, accordingly our
marketing spending has been reduced, to allow us to become more
profitable. We
50
expect that marketing expenditures as a percentage of net
revenues going forward will be more consistent with recorded
results in the first six months at 2005 than in prior years.
Direct marketing expenses for our Web sites in our Other
Businesses segment increased 41.1% to $2.5 million for the
six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to
$1.8 million in the first six months of 2004. The increase
in spending related to our Web sites in our Other Businesses
segment is attributed to the acquisition of MingleMatch and
additional advertising in order to generate traffic to our newer
international Web sites which commenced operations early in 2004.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses consist primarily of indirect marketing,
customer service, technical operations, product development and
general and administrative expenses. Operating expenses
decreased 12.2% to $19.4 million in the first six months of
2005 compared to $22.1 million in the same period in 2004.
Stated as a percentage of net revenues, operating expenses
decreased to 60.6% in the first six months of 2005 compared to
71.6% in the same period last year. The decrease is due
primarily to a decrease in share-based compensation in the first
six months of 2005 which is further discussed below.
Indirect Marketing. Indirect marketing expenses consist
primarily of salaries for our sales and marketing personnel and
other associated costs such as public relations. Indirect
marketing expenses decreased 52.1% to $503,000 in the first six
months of 2005 compared to $1.1 million in the second
quarter of 2004. Stated as a percentage of net revenues,
indirect marketing expenses decreased to 1.6% in the first six
months of 2005 compared to 3.4% in the same period in 2004. The
decrease is due to a decrease in headcount in our marketing
department, and the termination of the Chief Marketing Officer
in the fourth quarter of 2004 who has not been replaced.
Customer Service. Customer service expenses consist
primarily of costs associated with our member services center.
Customer services expenses decreased 39.5% to $1.1 million
in the first six months of 2005 compared to $1.9 million in
the first six months of 2004. Stated as a percentage of net
revenues, customer service expenses decreased to 3.6% in the
quarter ended June 30, 2005 compared to 6.1% in the same
period in the prior year. The decrease is due to a decrease in
headcount from 2004 to 2005. During the first six months of
2004, we had higher staffing in our member services center in
order to better serve our customers due to the launch of new Web
sites and new platforms. During the remainder of 2004, we worked
to increase our efficiency in handling our call volume, and
therefore reduced our headcount accordingly by the first six
months of 2005.
Technical Operations. Technical operations expenses
consist primarily of the people and systems necessary to support
our network, Internet connectivity and other data and
communication support. Technical operations expenses decreased
11.1% to $3.0 million in the first six months of 2005
compared to $3.3 million in 2004. The decrease is primarily
due to a reduction in headcount as well as a restructuring of
workforce which resulted in a decrease of salary expense. This
reduction was partially offset by an increase in depreciation
expense associated with the increase in hardware to support our
network and an increase in capitalized software amortization
associated with redesigning our operating platform. As a
percentage of net revenues, technical operations decreased to
9.2% in the quarter ended June 30, 2005 compared to 10.8%
in the same period last year.
Product Development. Product development expenses consist
primarily of costs incurred in the development, creation and
enhancement of our Web sites and services. Product development
expenses increased 117.0% to $1.9 million in the first six
months of 2005 compared to $871,000 in 2004. As a percentage of
net revenues, product development expenses increased to 5.9% for
the six months ended June 30, 2005 compared to 2.8% in
2004. The increase is due primarily to an increase in headcount
associated with pursuing new business opportunities as well as
improving the infrastructure of our existing businesses.
General and Administrative. General and administrative
expenses consist primarily of corporate personnel-related costs,
professional fees, credit card processing fees, and occupancy
and other
51
overhead costs. General and administrative expenses increased
3.6% to $12.5 million in the first six months of 2005
compared to $12.1 million in the same period in 2004. The
increase in general and administrative expenses is due primarily
to increase in consulting services as well as an increase in
credit card processing fees, including charges and fines. Stated
as a percentage of net revenues, general and administrative
expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004
was 39.1%.
Share-Based Compensation. Share-based compensation
resulted from the issuance of warrants and options that were
treated as variable under accounting principles which, on a
quarterly basis, required us to recognize an increase or
decrease in compensation expense based on the then fair-value of
the subject securities. Share-based compensation decreased
101.2% to $(28,000) in the first six months of 2005 compared to
$2.4 million in the first six months of 2004. The
difference in expense is due to the fact that the majority of
options and warrants which were considered variable in 2004 were
fully valued and accounted for in 2004 and as a result did not
impact the results of the first six months of 2005.
Amortization of Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill.
Amortization expenses consist primarily of amortization of
intangible assets related to the MingleMatch acquisition as well
as previous acquisitions, primarily SocialNet and PointMatch.
Amortization expense decreased 14.7% to $411,000 in the first
six months of 2005 compared to $482,000 in the first six months
of 2004. The decrease is due to intangibles related to older
acquisitions being fully amortized by the first quarter of 2005
partially offset by amortization of intangible assets resulting
from the MingleMatch acquisition in the second quarter of 2005.
Interest Income/ Loss and Other Expenses, Net. Interest
income/loss and other expenses consist primarily of interest
income associated with notes payable, temporary investments in
interest bearing accounts and marketable securities and income
on our investments in non-controlled affiliates. Expenses
increased to $144,000 for the six months ended June 30,
2005 from expense of $32,000 for the same period in 2004. The
increase was due primarily to recognition of losses upon
liquidation of marketable securities and loss from Duplo.
Year Ended December 31, 2004 Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2003
Business Metrics
Average paying subscribers for JDate increased 37.7%, to
approximately 69,800 for the year ended December 31, 2004
from approximately 50,700 for the year ended December 31,
2003. Average paying subscribers for AmericanSingles increased
85.3%, to approximately 132,500 for the year ended
December 31, 2004 from approximately 71,500 for the year
ended December 31, 2003. Average paying subscribers for Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment increased to approximately
23,800 for the year ended December 31, 2004 from
approximately 3,600 for the year ended December 31, 2003.
The increase in paying subscribers for all of our segments
corresponds to the increased marketing expenditures for all of
our segments, along with improved marketing efficiency, such
that greater marketing expenditures were made without
significant increases in our average subscriber acquisition
costs. The larger increase in average paying subscribers for
AmericanSingles as compared to the increase for JDate was
primarily due to JDate possessing a larger portion of its
market. The increase in paying subscribers in our Other
Businesses segment was due to growth in our international Web
sites, including PointMatch, which was acquired at the beginning
of 2004, and our Web sites in the United Kingdom and Canada.
Average monthly net revenue per paying JDate subscriber
increased 7.5%, to $28.42 for the year ended December 31,
2004 from $26.44 for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Average monthly net revenue per paying AmericanSingles
subscriber decreased 1.2% to $22.16 for the year ended
December 31, 2004 from $22.43 for the year ended
December 31, 2003. Average monthly net revenue per paying
subscriber for Web sites in our Other Businesses segment
decreased 29.4%, to $16.75 for the year ended December 31,
2004 from $23.72 for the year ended December 31, 2003. The
increase
52
for JDate was primarily due to a price increase which was put
into effect in January 2004. The decrease for AmericanSingles
was due to an increase in the proportion of subscribers paying
for multi-month subscriptions, for which they receive a discount
on the monthly rate compared to the single-month subscription
price. The decrease for Web sites in our Other Businesses
segment was primarily due to the growth of new Web sites with
lower subscription prices than those Web sites that represented
our Other Businesses segment in 2003.
Direct subscriber acquisition cost for JDate increased 84.3%, to
$8.09 in 2004 from $4.39 in 2003. Direct subscriber acquisition
cost for AmericanSingles decreased 5.3%, to $43.29 in 2004 from
$45.70 in 2003. Direct subscriber acquisition cost for the Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment decreased 56.7%, to $34.74
in 2004 from $80.32 in 2003. The increase in direct subscriber
acquisition cost for JDate was due primarily to the cost of new
marketing initiatives, including offline billboard campaigns
designed to solidify and expand JDates brand awareness.
Despite this increase, the cost of customer acquisition for
JDate is significantly lower than for our other segments due to
the strong brand perception and name recognition for and word of
mouth reputation for JDate. AmericanSingles and our other Web
sites operate in much more competitive environments, and must
spend more on marketing to attract new subscribers. The decrease
in direct subscriber acquisition cost for AmericanSingles and
the Web sites in our Other Businesses segment was due improved
marketing efficiency, such that greater marketing expenditures
were made without significant increases in our average
subscriber acquisition costs. For AmericanSingles, we began to
put a greater emphasis on pay for performance advertising
models, such as cost per subscription (CPS) and cost per
acquisition (CPA) arrangements, where we are better able to
monitor and manage our cost of subscriber acquisition.
Monthly subscriber churn for JDate increased to 25.8% for the
year ended December 31, 2004 from 22.4% for the year ended
December 31, 2003. Monthly subscriber churn for
AmericanSingles increased to 35.6% for the year ended
December 31, 2004 from 32.1% for the year ended
December 31, 2003. Monthly subscriber churn for Web sites
in our Other Businesses segment decreased to 26.8% for the year
ended December 31, 2004 from 33.4% for the year ended
December 31, 2003. The increase in monthly subscriber churn
for JDate and AmericanSingles was due primarily to
implementation in late 2003 of the pay-to-respond feature which
required members to upgrade to paying subscriber status before
they could respond to emails from other paying subscribers.
Members who subscribe specifically to utilize the pay-to-respond
feature are less likely to renew their subscriptions than those
who subscribe to initiate communications. The decrease in
monthly subscriber churn for the Web sites in our Other Business
segment was due to growth and maturity of those businesses. Some
of the Web sites in our Other Businesses segment were launched
in late 2003, including our sites in Canada and the UK. During
the early startup period for a Web site which requires a
critical mass of members in order to attract new members, churn
rates are higher. As subscribers see the same other members of
the community repeatedly, they are more prone to quit the
service. As the Web site community grows, churn rates typically
decline as subscribers take longer to feel they have exhausted
their possibilities within the community.
Net Revenues
Substantially all of our net revenues are derived from
subscription fees. The remainder of our net revenues, accounting
for less than 2% of net revenues for the years ended
December 31, 2004 and 2003, are attributable to certain
promotional events. Revenues are presented net of credits and
credit card chargebacks. We expect net revenues from promotional
events to comprise an even smaller percentage of net revenues in
the future. We also expect to generate revenues from advertising
on our Web sites in the future. Our subscriptions are offered in
durations of one, three, six and twelve months. Plans with
durations of longer than one month are available at discounted
rates. Most subscription programs renew automatically for
subsequent periods until subscribers terminate them.
53
Net revenues for JDate increased 48.0%, to $23.8 million
for the year ended December 31, 2004 from
$16.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Net revenues for AmericanSingles increased 83.0%, to
$35.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2004,
compared to $19.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2003. Net revenues for our Other Businesses
segment increased 276.2%, to $6.0 million for the year
ended December 31, 2004 compared to $1.6 million for
the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in
JDates net revenues is primarily attributable to an
increase in JDates monthly subscription price during the
first quarter of 2004. The increase in net revenues for
AmericanSingles is primarily due to an increase in
subscriptions, as discussed above. The increase in net revenues
for our Other Businesses segment is due primarily to the growth
of our businesses in Israel, whose growth was aided by our
acquisition of Point Match Ltd. in the first quarter of 2004, as
well as growth in our UK and Canada Web sites.
Direct Marketing Expenses
Direct marketing expenses primarily consist of advertising costs
and direct costs to obtain new paying subscribers. Direct
marketing expenses for JDate increased 135.5%, to
$1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from
approximately $739,000 for the year ended December 31,
2003. Direct marketing expenses for AmericanSingles increased
57.1%, to $25.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 2004 compared to $15.9 million for the
year ended December 31, 2003. Direct marketing expenses for
Web sites in our Other Businesses segment increased 157.0%, to
$4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from
$1.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The
increases for JDate and AmericanSingles are due to an overall
increase in the cost of online advertising, which is our primary
source for advertising, as well as new marketing initiatives for
JDate. In addition, for our American Singles Web site, we
initiated an aggressive marketing program in the second quarter
of 2004. We reduced our marketing for AmericanSingles in
subsequent quarters in 2004 in order to reduce our subscriber
acquisition cost. The cost of customer acquisition for JDate is
significantly lower than for our other segments due to the
strong brand perception and name recognition for and word of
mouth reputation for JDate. AmericanSingles and our other Web
sites operate in much more competitive environments, and must
spend more on marketing to attract new subscribers. For Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment, in addition to the
increase in the cost of online advertising, our direct marketing
expenses also increased because of the additional expenses
associated with the Web site assets acquired in the Point Match
Ltd. acquisition.
As a percentage of revenues, total direct marketing expenses for
JDate increased to 7.3% in 2004 from 4.6% in 2003. The increase
was due to new marketing initiatives for JDate. As a percentage
of revenues, total direct marketing expenses for AmericanSingles
decreased to 70.8% in 2004 from 82.5% in 2003. The decrease was
due to improved marketing efficiency, including greater emphasis
on pay for performance advertising models, such that greater
marketing expenditures were made without significant increases
in our average subscriber acquisition costs. As a percentage of
revenues, total direct marketing expenses for our Other
Businesses segment decreased to 75.7% in 2004 from 110.8% in
2003. The decrease was due to improved marketing efficiency,
including greater emphasis on pay for performance advertising
models, as well as emphasis on making the contribution of Web
sites in this segment a positive number. Overall, for all of our
segments, total direct marketing expenses decreased to 48.0%
from 49.8% for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003
respectively.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses primarily consist of indirect marketing,
customer service, technical operations, product development and
general and administrative expenses. Operating expenses
increased 53.8% to approximately $45.5 million in 2004 from
approximately $29.6 million in 2003. Stated as a percentage
of net revenues, operating expenses decreased to 70.0% for 2004
from 80.1% in 2003. The increase in total dollars was primarily
the result of a higher level of general and administrative
expenses, as well as an increase in indirect marketing and
technical operations as discussed below. The
54
decrease as a percentage of revenues was primarily the result of
economies of scale in customer service and technical operations
costs required to support an increasing revenue base.
Indirect Marketing. Indirect marketing expenses primarily
consist of salaries for our sales and marketing personnel and
other associated costs such as public relations. Indirect
marketing expenses increased 170.2%, to approximately
$2.5 million in 2004 compared to $907,000 in 2003. Stated
as a percentage of net revenues, indirect marketing expenses
increased to 3.8% for 2004 from 2.5% in 2003. The increase in
total dollars and as a percentage of net revenues was largely as
a result of an increase in headcount in our marketing
department. We expect these costs to increase in total dollars
as we expand our marketing initiatives but to decrease as a
percentage of net revenues as we add additional paying
subscribers.
Customer Service. Customer service expenses primarily
consist of costs associated with our member service center.
Customer service expenses increased 33.2%, to $3.4 million
in 2004 compared to $2.5 million in 2003. Stated as a
percentage of net revenues, customer service expenses decreased
to 5.2% for 2004 from 6.9% in 2003. The increase in total
dollars was largely as a result of an increase in headcount,
which increase was driven by the larger number of members and
paying subscribers. The decrease as a percentage of revenues was
primarily the result of increased efficiency of usage of our
customer service personnel in supporting a larger member and
subscriber base. We expect these costs to continue to increase
in total dollars as we support our increasing base of members
and subscribers but to decrease as a percentage of net revenues
as we add additional paying subscribers.
Technical Operations. Technical operations expenses
primarily consist of the people and systems necessary to support
our network, Internet connectivity and other data and
communication support. Technical operations expenses increased
65.0% to $7.2 million in 2004 from $4.3 million in
2003. Stated as a percentage of net revenues, technical
operations expenses decreased to 11.0% in 2004 from 11.7% in
2003. The increase in total dollars was due to an increase in
headcount necessary to support the growth in the number of
members, paying subscribers and traffic to our Web sites. The
decrease as a percentage of revenues was primarily the result of
economies of scale in headcount required to support a larger
member and subscriber base. We expect technical operations costs
to increase in total dollars with any increase in traffic,
members or paying subscribers but to decrease as a percentage of
net revenues as we add additional paying subscribers.
Product Development. Product development expenses
primarily consist of costs incurred in the development, creation
and enhancement of our Web sites and services. Product
development expenses increased 109.9%, to $2.0 million in
2004 compared to $959,000 in 2003. Stated as a percentage of net
revenues, product development expenses increased to 3.1% in 2004
from 2.6% in 2003. The increase in total dollars and as a
percentage of net revenues was largely as a result of costs
associated with technical enhancements to our Web sites as well
as an increase in headcount necessary to support these
enhancements. We expense these costs as incurred unless they are
required to be capitalized under generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States. In addition to the expenses set
forth above, our capitalized product development costs were
approximately $658,000 and $825,000 in 2004 and 2003,
respectively. The amortization of those costs is included in
this line item. We expect our product development costs to
increase in total dollars as we launch new Web sites and develop
additional features and functionality on our Web sites to
enhance our members experience and satisfaction and
increase the number, and percentage, of members that become
paying subscribers but to remain constant as a percentage of net
revenues as we add additional paying subscribers.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and
administrative expenses primarily consist of corporate
personnel-related costs, professional fees, credit card
processing fees, and occupancy and other overhead costs. General
and administrative expenses increased 64.2%, to
$27.7 million in 2004 from $16.9 million in 2003.
Stated as a percentage of net revenues, general and
administrative expenses decreased to 42.7% in 2004 from 45.7% in
2003. The increase in total dollars was largely as a result of
an increase in hiring people to support our growth, an employee
severance charge of
55
approximately $2.4 million, as well as expenses of
$2.1 million related to the United States initial public
offering of MatchNet, Inc. that was planned for mid-2004, but
which was withdrawn shortly after the related registration
statement was filed in the third quarter of 2004, as well as one
legal settlement resulting in the recognition of $900,000 in
expenses in the third quarter and two legal settlements
resulting in the recognition of $2.1 million in expenses in
the fourth quarter of 2004. The decrease as a percentage of
revenues was primarily the result of economies of scale in
supporting a larger member and subscriber base. We expect these
general and administrative expenses, excluding the
above-referenced severance and expenses related to the withdrawn
offering, to increase in total dollars as we continue to hire
additional personnel, and as sales and the inherent credit card
processing fees increase. We also expect general and
administrative expenses to increase in total dollars due to the
anticipated increase in professional fees resulting from the
filing of this registration statement and related documents and
our subsequent obligations as a public reporting company in the
United States. However, we expect general and administrative
expenses, excluding credit card processing fees, to decrease as
a percentage of net revenues as we add additional paying
subscribers.
Share-based Compensation. Share-based compensation
resulted from the issuance of warrants and options that were
treated as variable under accounting principles which, on a
quarterly basis, required us to recognize an increase or
decrease in compensation expense based upon the then-fair value
of the subject securities. Share-based compensation was
approximately $1.7 million in 2004, which is net of
$1.1 million related to the cancellation of certain
warrants and options, compared to $1.9 million in 2003.
Stated as a percentage of net revenues, share-based compensation
decreased to 2.6% in 2004 from 5.1% in 2003. As a result of
recent changes in accounting rules, we expect share-based
compensation expenses to increase, beginning in the third
quarter of 2005, when we will be required to recognize
compensation expense for share options and other share-based
compensation, which expenses we had not been required to
recognize prior to the change in accounting rules.
Amortization of Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill.
Amortization expenses consist primarily of amortization of
intangible assets related to previous acquisitions, primarily
SocialNet and Point Match. Amortization expenses increased 55.0%
to $860,000 in 2004, compared to $555,000 in 2003. The increase
was primarily due to amortization related to the Point Match
acquisition, which was completed in January 2004.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets. In December 2004, based
on changes in management and reevaluation of existing projects
we determined that certain internally developed software
projects would not be completed. As such, we recorded an
impairment charge of $208,000.
Interest Income and Other Expenses, Net. Interest income
and other expenses, net primarily consist of gain (loss)
associated with temporary investments in interest bearing
accounts and marketable securities. Interest income and other
expenses, net decreased 64.9%, to approximately $66,000 in 2004
from $188,000 in 2003, principally due to foreign exchange
effects.
Year Ended December 31, 2003 Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2002
Business Metrics
Average paying subscribers for JDate increased 83.0% to
approximately 50,700 for the year ended December 31, 2003,
compared to approximately 27,700 for the year ended
December 31, 2002. Average paying subscribers for
AmericanSingles increased 142.4%, to approximately 71,500 for
the year ended December 31, 2003 from approximately 29,500
for the year ended December 31, 2002. Average paying
subscribers for Web sites in our Other Businesses segment
increased 140.0%, to approximately 3,600 for the year ended
December 31, 2003 from approximately 1,500 for the year
ended December 31, 2002. The increase in paying subscribers
across all of our segments is primarily due to increases in the
number of members on our sites. The larger increase in average
paying subscribers for AmericanSingles as compared to the
increase for JDate was primarily due to JDate
56
possessing a larger portion of its market, while AmericanSingles
possessed a smaller portion of its market and its average paying
subscribers has, as a result, grown more quickly.
Average monthly net revenue per paying JDate subscriber
increased 4.9%, to $26.44 in 2003 compared to $25.20 in 2002.
Average monthly net revenue per paying AmericanSingles
subscriber increased 19.5%, to $22.43 in 2003 from $18.77 in
2002. Average monthly net revenue per paying subscriber for Web
sites in our Other Businesses segment decreased 28.5%, to $23.72
in 2003 from $33.17 in 2002. The increase for JDate was due to
an increase in the proportion of subscribers paying a one month
subscription, as opposed to multi-month subscribers, who receive
a lower price per month in exchange for their longer
commitments. The increase in AmericanSingles was primarily due
to a price increase in 2003. The decrease for Web sites in our
Other Businesses segment was primarily due to the growth of new
Web sites with lower subscription prices than those Web sites
that represented our Other Businesses segment in 2002.
Direct subscriber acquisition cost for JDate increased 51.4%, to
$4.39 for 2003 from $2.90 in 2002. Direct subscriber acquisition
cost for AmericanSingles increased 18.1%, to $45.70 in 2003
compared to $38.68 in 2002. Direct subscriber acquisition cost
for the Web sites in our Other Businesses segment increased
2.4%, to $80.32 in 2003 from $78.43 in 2002. The increase in
direct subscriber acquisition cost for all of our segments was
due primarily to an increase in online marketing efforts
designed to drive additional members to our Web sites.
Monthly subscriber churn for JDate increased to 22.4% in 2003
from 18.2% in 2002. Monthly subscriber churn for AmericanSingles
increased to 32.1% in 2003 from 24.3% in 2002. Monthly
subscriber churn for the Web sites in our Other Businesses
segment increased to 33.4% in 2003 from 32.6% in 2002. The
increase in monthly subscriber churn for all of our segments was
primarily due to the introduction, in late 2003, of our
pay-to-respond feature, which required members to upgrade to
paying subscriber status before they could respond to emails
from other paying subscribers. Members who subscribe
specifically to utilize the pay-to-respond feature are less
likely to renew their subscriptions than those who subscribe to
initiate communications.
Net Revenues
Net revenues for JDate increased 92.2%, to $16.1 million in
2003 from $8.4 million in 2002. Net revenues for
AmericanSingles increased 189.8% to $19.3 million in 2003
from $6.6 million in 2002. Net revenues for Web sites in
our Other Businesses segment increased 19.5%, to
$1.6 million in 2003 from $1.3 million in 2002. The
increase in net revenues was due to an increase in the overall
use of our services and the increase in the number of paying
subscribers. In addition, a portion of the increase in revenues
for AmericanSingles is attributable to an increase in
AmericanSingles monthly subscription price during 2003.
Direct Marketing Expenses
Direct marketing expenses for JDate increased 229.9%, to
$739,000 in 2003 from $224,000 in 2002. Direct marketing
expenses for AmericanSingles increased 300.2%, to
$15.9 million in 2003 from $4.0 million in 2002.
Direct marketing expenses for Other Businesses increased 47.2%,
to $1.8 million in 2003 from $1.2 million in 2002.
This increase was primarily the result of expanded online
advertising campaigns.
As a percentage of revenues, total direct marketing expenses for
JDate increased to 4.6% in 2003 from 2.7% in 2002. As a
percentage of revenues, total direct marketing expenses for
AmericanSingles increased to 82.5% in 2003 from 59.8% in 2003.
As a percentage of revenues, total direct marketing expenses for
our Other Businesses segment increased to 110.8% in 2003 from
90.0% in 2003. The increases in all segments were due to
increase marketing spending designed to grow revenues. Total
direct marketing expenses for all of our segments increased to
49.8% from 33.0% in 2003 and 2002, respectively.
57
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased 140.1%, to $29.6 million in
2003 from $12.3 million in 2002. Stated as a percentage of
net revenues, operating expenses increased to 80.1% in 2003
compared to 75.3% in 2002. The increase in total dollars and as
a percentage of net revenues was primarily the result of
continued investment in customer service and technical
infrastructure, as well as an increase in general and
administrative expenses as discussed below.
Indirect Marketing. Indirect marketing expenses increased
125.1%, to approximately $907,000 in 2003 from approximately
$403,000 in 2002. Stated as a percentage of net revenues,
indirect marketing expenses remained constant at 2.5% in 2003
and 2002. The increase in total dollars was largely as a result
of an increase in staffing for the marketing department.
Customer Service. Customer service expenses increased
110.1%, to $2.5 million in 2003 from $1.2 million in
2002. Stated as a percentage of net revenues, customer service
expenses decreased to 6.9% in 2003 from 7.4% in 2002. The
increase in total dollars was largely as a result of an increase
in headcount due required to support our larger numbers of
members and paying subscribers. The decrease as a percentage of
net revenues was primarily the result of increased efficiency of
usage of our customer service personnel in supporting a larger
member and subscriber base.
Technical Operations. Technical operations expenses
increased 173.5%, to $4.3 million in 2003 from
$1.6 million in 2002. Stated as a percentage of net
revenues, technical operations expenses increased to 11.7% in
2003 from 9.7% in 2002. The increase in total dollars and as a
percentage of net revenues was largely as a result of the growth
in the number of members and traffic to our Web sites.
Product Development. Product development expenses
increased 59.0%, to $959,000 in 2003 from $603,000 in 2002.
Stated as a percentage of net revenues, product development
expenses decreased to 2.6% in 2003 from 3.7% in 2002. The
increase in total dollars was largely as a result of costs
associated with technical enhancements to our Web sites. The
decrease as a percentage of net revenues was primarily the
result of economies of scale as additional product enhancements
costs are spread over a larger subscriber/member base. We
expense these costs as incurred, unless they are required to be
capitalized. Capitalized costs in 2003 and 2002 were
approximately $825,000 and $572,000, respectively. The
amortization of these costs are included in this line item.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and
administrative expenses increased 111.2%, to $16.9 million
in 2003 from $8.0 million in 2002. Stated as a percentage
of net revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased
to 45.7% in 2003 from 48.8% in 2002. The increase in total
dollars was largely as a result of an increase in hiring people
to support our growth and the addition of new Web sites, as well
as an increase in credit card processing fees as sales grew. The
decrease as a percentage of net revenues was primarily the
result of economies of scale in supporting a larger member and
subscriber base. General and administrative expenses for 2003
also included $1.7 million in charges primarily related to
a settlement with Comdisco. Pursuant to the settlement, we
issued a promissory note in September 2004 in the amount of
$1.7 million. The note bears simple interest at the rate of
2.75% per year and is payable in installments, excluding
accrued interest, on (i) September 15, 2005 in the
amount of $400,000; (ii) September 15, 2006 in the
amount of $400,000; and (iii) September 15, 2007 in
the amount of $900,000.
Share-based Compensation. Share-based compensation was
$1.9 million in 2003 compared to zero in 2002. The 2003
charge reflected non-cash expenses associated with the issuance
of share options and warrants to advisors. We treated these
options and warrants as variable in accordance with
SFAS No. 123 and, as a result, were required to
recognize an increase or decrease in operating expense based on
the fair value of such options and warrants on a quarterly basis.
Amortization of Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill.
Amortization expenses consist primarily of amortization of
purchased intangible assets related to previous acquisitions.
Amortization expenses
58
increased 5.9% to $555,000 in 2003, compared to $524,000 in
2002. The increase was primarily due to purchases of various
databases.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets. In October 2003, based
on business developments that took place in 2003 and on
managements opinion that rapid changes in technology
reduced the fair value of some of our property and equipment,
mostly computer equipment and capitalized software costs, we
recorded an impairment charge of approximately $1.5 million.
Interest Income and Other Expenses, Net. Interest income
and other expenses, net decreased 77.6%, to income of
approximately $188,000 in 2003 from income of approximately
$840,000 in 2002. Interest income and other expenses, net in
2002 was positively affected by a gain of approximately $400,000
recognized on the sale of domain names.
Quarterly Results of Operations
You should read the following tables presenting our quarterly
results of operations in conjunction with the consolidated
financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in
this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited information on
substantially the same basis as our audited consolidated
financial statements which, in the opinion of management,
includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring
adjustments, except as otherwise indicated, necessary for the
presentation of the results of operations for such periods. You
should also keep in mind, as you read the following tables, that
our operating results for any quarter are not necessarily
indicative of results for any future quarters or for a full year.
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Three months ended(1) | |
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Mar 31, | |
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Jun 30, | |
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Sep 30, | |
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Dec 31, | |
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Mar 31, | |
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Jun 30, | |
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Sep 30, | |
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Dec 31, | |
|
Mar 31, | |
|
Jun 30, | |
|
|
2003(2) | |
|
2003(2) | |
|
2003(2) | |
|
2003 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
2005 | |
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(unaudited) | |
|
(unaudited) | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
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Net revenues
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$ |
7,036 |
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|
$ |
8,423 |
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|
$ |
9,792 |
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|
$ |
11,690 |
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|
$ |
15,050 |
|
|
$ |
15,812 |
|
|
$ |
17,138 |
|
|
$ |
17,052 |
|
|
$ |
16,526 |
|
|
$ |
15,464 |
|
Direct marketing expenses
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|
|
3,576 |
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|
|
4,680 |
|
|
|
3,955 |
|
|
|
6,184 |
|
|
|
6,539 |
|
|
|
9,325 |
|
|
|
8,748 |
|
|
|
6,628 |
|
|
|
5,228 |
|
|
|
6,051 |
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Contribution margin
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3,460 |
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3,743 |
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5,837 |
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5,506 |
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|
|
8,511 |
|
|
|
6,487 |
|
|
|
8,390 |
|
|
|
10,424 |
|
|
|
11,298 |
|
|
|
9,413 |
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Operating expenses:
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Indirect marketing
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|
|
(61 |
) |
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|
131 |
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|
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488 |
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|
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349 |
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529 |
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|
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522 |
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|
|
881 |
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|
|
519 |
|
|
|
265 |
|
|
|
238 |
|
|
Customer service
|
|
|
563 |
|
|
|
458 |
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|
|
736 |
|
|
|
779 |
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|
|
975 |
|
|
|
903 |
|
|
|
723 |
|
|
|
778 |
|
|
|
577 |
|
|
|
560 |
|
|
Technical operations
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|
|
819 |
|
|
|
994 |
|
|
|
1,024 |
|
|
|
1,504 |
|
|
|
1,344 |
|
|
|
1,974 |
|
|
|
1,861 |
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|
|
1,983 |
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|
|
1,402 |
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|
|
1,548 |
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Product development
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
229 |
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
|
340 |
|
|
|
531 |
|
|
|
505 |
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|
|
637 |
|
|
|
830 |
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|
|
1,060 |
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General and administrative (excluding share-based compensation)
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|
|
2,483 |
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|
|
2,628 |
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|
|
6,025 |
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|
|
5,749 |
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|
|
6,383 |
|
|
|
5,695 |
|
|
|
8,469 |
|
|
|
7,180 |
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|
|
5,992 |
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|
|
6,520 |
|
|
Share-based compensation
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